Flexible stent and method of making the same

• US 7,288,111 B1
• Filed: 03/26/2002
• Issued: 10/30/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Thoratec LLC
• Original Assignee: Thoratec LLC
• Inventors: Christoforou, Christofer T., Holloway, Ken A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Stewart; Alvin J.
• Application Number:
  US10/108,778
• Time in Patent Office: 2,044 Days
• Field of Search: 623/1.15, 623/1.2, 623 13- 133, 623/1.44, 623/1.13
• US Class Current: 623/1.15
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/07 Stent-grafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/86 Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/828 Means for connecting a plurality of stents allowing flexibility of the whole structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0076 multilayered, e.g. laminated structures
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2220/0033 made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2220/005 using adhesives
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2220/0058 soldered or brazed or welded
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0054 V-shaped
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0078 hyperboloidal
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/008 paraboloidal
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0048 differing in mechanical expandability, e.g. in mechanical, self- or balloon expandability

Abstract

A stent that can be made of self-expandable members and balloon expandable members is described. The members can be held together by a polymer layer, polymer rings or discreet polymer connectors. Methods of making and using the stent are also described.

Claims

1. An implantable prosthesis, comprising

(a) a first ring member;

(b) a second ring member, the first ring member positioned at a distance away from the second ring member, wherein the first ring member and the second ring member are embedded within and connected exclusively by a non-porous polymeric layer, and wherein the first ring member is self-expandable and the second ring member expands with the application of an external force;

(c) a first porous polymeric layer disposed over a first side of the non-porous layer; and

(d) a second porous polymeric layer disposed over a second opposing side of the non-porous polymeric layer.

2. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first ring member is positioned at a first end of the implantable prosthesis and the second ring member is positioned between the first end and a second end of the implantable prosthesis.

3. The implantable prosthesis of claim 2, additionally comprising a self-expandable third ring member, wherein the third ring member is positioned at the second end of the implantable prosthesis, and wherein the second ring member and the third ring member are connected by the non-porous polymeric layer.

4. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the non-porous polymeric layer has a void-to-volume ratio of less than about 5%.

5. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first porous polymeric layer has a void-to-volume ratio of about 40% to about 90%.

6. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the second porous polymeric layer has a void-to-volume ratio of about 40% to about 90%.

7. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the non-porous polymeric layer comprises a first sub-layer and a second sub-layer attached to the first sub-layer, wherein the first and second ring members are between the first and second sub-layers.

8. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first and second ring members comprise zig-zag-shaped annular bands.

9. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first and second ring members comprise diamond-shaped struts.

10. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the non-porous polymeric layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polytetrafluoroethylene, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene tetraphthalate, aliphatic polyoxaesters, polylactides, polycaprolactones, and hydrogels.

11. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the non-porous polymeric layer has a thickness of about 10 microns to about 200 microns.

12. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first or second ring member is made of a metallic material.

13. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the non-porous polymeric layer has a void-to-volume ratio of less than about 1%.

14. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first porous polymeric layer comprises a bioabsorbable material.

15. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first porous polymeric layer has a thickness of about 10 microns to about 50 microns.

16. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first porous polymeric layer includes pores having an average pore diameter of about 1 micron to about 400 microns.

17. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the second porous polymeric layer comprises a bioabsorbable material.

18. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the second porous polymeric layer has a thickness of about 10 microns to about 50 microns.

19. The implantable prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the second porous polymeric layer includes pores having an average pore diameter of about 1 micron to about 400 microns.