Membrane receptor reagent and assay
First Claim
1. A membrane-receptor reagent for measuring the interaction between test analytes and target membrane receptors, comprising:
- a support containing an energy-emitting surface that emits energy that varies as a function of distance from said surface;
tethers covalently or non-covalently bound to said support;
reagent ligands attached to said tethers;
a fluid lipid membrane in the form of a liposome phospholipid vesicle, or lipid bilayer mounted on a second surface that projects away from said energy emitting surface, comprising target membrane receptors that bind to target analytes and reversibly bind to said reagent ligands, wherein said target membrane receptors move fluidly within said fluid lipid membrane and further comprise integral, peripheral, or transmembrane proteins labeled with a moiety that produces a detectable signal upon receiving excitation energy; and
anchoring means for irreversibly binding said fluid lipid membrane to said support;
wherein binding between said target membrane receptors and target analyte either blocks or promotes binding between said reagent ligands and said target membrane receptors, causing a change in an average distance between said target membrane receptors and said energy emitting surface, resulting in a change in said detectable signal.
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Abstract
A membrane receptor reagent and assay is disclosed in which liposomes are bound to an evanescent wave emitting surface. Membrane receptors on the liposome'"'"'s fluid lipid bilayer membrane are labeled with a fluorescent or luminescent moiety. These membrane receptors are free to diffuse randomly throughout the liposome surface, and thus tend to redistribute according to externally applied forces. The evanescent wave-emitting surface additionally contains reagents that reversibly bind to the membrane receptors, tending to bring them closer to region of high evanescent wave intensity. Test analytes that disrupt or promote the association between the membrane receptors and the surface reagents act to change the average distance between the membrane receptors and the evanescent wave emitting surface, resulting in a change in the fluorescent or luminescent signal. This reagent and assay system functions with physiologically important membrane receptors such as GPCR receptors, other 7-tm receptors, drug transport proteins, cytochrome P450 membrane proteins and other clinically important membrane components. The reagent and assay methods may be incorporated into microarrays, capillaries, flow cells and other devices, and used for drug discovery, ADMET, and other biomedically important assays.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A membrane-receptor reagent for measuring the interaction between test analytes and target membrane receptors, comprising:
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a support containing an energy-emitting surface that emits energy that varies as a function of distance from said surface; tethers covalently or non-covalently bound to said support; reagent ligands attached to said tethers; a fluid lipid membrane in the form of a liposome phospholipid vesicle, or lipid bilayer mounted on a second surface that projects away from said energy emitting surface, comprising target membrane receptors that bind to target analytes and reversibly bind to said reagent ligands, wherein said target membrane receptors move fluidly within said fluid lipid membrane and further comprise integral, peripheral, or transmembrane proteins labeled with a moiety that produces a detectable signal upon receiving excitation energy; and anchoring means for irreversibly binding said fluid lipid membrane to said support; wherein binding between said target membrane receptors and target analyte either blocks or promotes binding between said reagent ligands and said target membrane receptors, causing a change in an average distance between said target membrane receptors and said energy emitting surface, resulting in a change in said detectable signal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A method for measuring the interaction between test analytes and target membrane receptors, comprising the steps of:
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a) providing a membrane receptor reagent comprising; a support containing an energy-emitting surface that emits energy that varies as a function of distance from said surface; tethers covalently or non-covalently bound to said support; reagent ligands attached to said tethers; a fluid lipid membrane in the form of a liposome, phospholipid vesicle, or lipid bilayer mounted on a second surface that projects away from said energy emitting surface, comprising target membrane receptors that bind to target analytes and reversibly bind to said reagent ligands, wherein said target membrane receptors move fluidly within said fluid lipid membrane and further comprise integral, peripheral, or transmembrane membrane proteins labeled with a moiety that produces a detectable signal upon receiving excitation energy; and anchoring means for irreversibly binding said fluid lipid membrane to said support; b) measuring an initial detectable signal emitted from the signal generating label moieties in said reagent; c) adding a sample comprising target analytes to said membrane-receptor reagent, wherein binding between said target membrane receptors and target analyte either blocks or promotes binding between said reagent ligands and said target membrane receptors, causing a change in the average distance between the target membrane receptors and the energy emitting surface, resulting in a change in the detectable signal; and d) measuring changes in said detectable signal after sample has been added, wherein said changes in said detectable signal indicates the interaction between said target analyte and said target membrane receptors. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method for making a drug compound, wherein said drug compound is produced by methods selected from the group consisting of cell culture apparatus and separation apparatus, and wherein deviations from ideal production are quickly detected by the steps of:
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a) providing a membrane-receptor reagent comprisng; a support containing an energy-emitting surface that emits energy that varies as a function of distance from said surface; tethers covalently or noncovalently bound to said support; reagent ligands attached to said tethers; a fluid lipid membrane in the form of a liposome, phospholipid vesicle, or lipid bilayer mounted on a second surface that projects away from said energy emitting surface, comprising target membrane receptors that bind to target drug molecules and reversibly bind to said reagent ligands, wherein said target membrane receptors move fluidly within said fluid lipid membrane and further comprise integral, peripheral, or transmembrane membrane proteins labeled with a moiety that produces a detectable signal upon receiving excitation energy, and anchoring means for irreversibly binding said fluid lipid membrane to said support; b) measuring an initial detectable signal emitted from the signal generating label moieties in said reagent; c) adding a sample comprising target drug molecules output by said manufacturing process to said membrane-receptor reagent, wherein binding between said target membrane receptors and target analyte either blocks or promotes binding between said reagent ligands and target membrane receptors, causing a change in the average distance between the target membrane receptors and the energy-emitting surface, resulting in a change in the detectable signal; and d) measuring changes in said detectable signal after sample has been added, wherein said changes in said detectable signal indicates the amount of interaction between said target drug molecules and said target membrane receptors, and wherein said signal is used to correct said cell culture apparatus or said separation apparatus when said deviations from ideal production are detected. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20)
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Specification