Cognitive radio engine based on genetic algorithms in a network

• US 7,289,972 B2
• Filed: 06/25/2004
• Issued: 10/30/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 06/25/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc.
• Inventors: Bostian, Charles, Cyre, Walling R., Rieser, Christian J., Rondeau, Thomas W., Gallagher, Timothy M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hirl; Joseph P
• Application Number:
  US10/875,619
• Publication Number:
  US 20060009209A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,222 Days
• Field of Search: 706/13, 706/12, 706/14, 709/223, 703/2
• US Class Current: 706/13
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/0003 Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain digital baseband systems H04L25/00; digital modulation/demodulation H04L27/00; CDMA H04B1/707; TDMA H04B7/2643; image transmission H04N5/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/406 with more than one transmission mode, e.g. analog and digital modes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0003 by switching between different modulation schemes
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/02 Terminal devices

Abstract

A genetic algorithm (GA) approach is used to adapt a wireless radio to a changing environment. A cognitive radio engine implements three algorithms; a wireless channel genetic algorithm (WCGA), a cognitive system monitor (CSM) and a wireless system genetic algorithm (WSGA). A chaotic search with controllable boundaries allows the cognitive radio engine to seek out and discover unique solutions efficiently. By being able to control the search space by limiting the number of generations, crossover rates, mutation rates, fitness evaluations, etc., the cognitive system can ensure legal and regulatory compliance as well as efficient searches. The versatility of the cognitive process can be applied to any adaptive radio. The cognitive system defines the radio chromosome, where each gene represents a radio parameter such as transmit power, frequency, modulation, etc. The adaptation process of the WSGA is performed on the chromosomes to develop new values for each gene, which is then used to adapt the radio settings.

Claims

1. A cognitive radio engine for controlling an adaptive radio, wherein the cognitive radio engine defines a radio chromosome, where each gene represents a radio parameter, said cognitive engine comprising:

a wireless channel genetic algorithm (WCGA) receiving channel information from the adaptive radio and modeling the channel;

a cognitive system monitor (CSM) receiving the modeled channel from the WCGA and determining if a new radio configuration is needed, building trends from the WCGA and radio statistics, and developing a set of fitness functions; and

a wireless system genetic algorithm (WSGA) receiving the set of fitness functions from the CSM and developing a system chromosome and creating a fitness to match the fitness goal function, said WSGA passing a new system configuration to the adaptive radio which, in turn, reconfigures itself according to the new system configuration,

said cognitive radio engine implementing a chaotic search with controllable boundaries to seek out and discover unique solutions.

2. The cognitive radio engine recited in claim 1, wherein the chaotic search is controlled by the cognitive radio engine by limiting the range of achievable gene values in the system chromosome to ensure legal and regulatory compliance.

3. The cognitive radio engine recited in claim 1, wherein the WSGA performs an adaptation process on the chromosomes to develop new values for each gene, which values are then used to modify the radio settings.

4. A cognitive radio system comprising:

an adaptive radio receiving data and radio frequency (RF) signals on a channel, generating channel performance information and responsive to configuration information to reconfigure baseband radio parameters according to the configuration information; and

a cognitive radio engine for controlling an adaptive radio, wherein the cognitive radio engine defines a radio chromosome, where each gene represents a radio parameter, said cognitive engine comprising;

a wireless channel genetic algorithm (WCGA) receiving channel information from the adaptive radio and modeling the channel;

a cognitive system monitor (CSM) receiving the modeled channel from the WCGA and determining if a new radio configuration is needed, building trends from the WCGA and radio statistics, and developing a set of fitness functions; and

a wireless system genetic algorithm (WSGA) receiving the set of fitness functions from the CSM and developing a system chromosome and creating a fitness to match the fitness goal function, said WSGA passing a new system configuration information to the adaptive radio which, in turn, reconfigures itself according to the new system configuration,

said cognitive radio engine implementing a chaotic search with controllable boundaries to seek out and discover unique solutions.

5. The cognitive radio system recited in claim 4, wherein the chaotic search is controlled by the cognitive radio engine by limiting the range of achievable gene values in the system chromosome to ensure legal and regulatory compliance.

6. The cognitive radio engine recited in claim 4, wherein the WSGA performs an adaptation process on the chromosomes to develop new values for each gene, which is then used to adapt the radio settings.

7. A radio network comprising:

a first adaptive radio transmitting and receiving data and radio frequency (RF) signals on a cognitive radio channel, generating channel performance information and responsive to configuration information to reconfigure baseband radio parameters according to the configuration information;

a second adaptive radio transmitting and receiving data and radio frequency (RF) signals on said cognitive radio channel, generating channel performance information and responsive to configuration information to reconfigure baseband radio parameters according to the configuration information, said cognitive radio channel establishing a cognitive radio link between said first and second adaptive radios; and

first and second cognitive radio engines connected to and controlling said first and second adaptive radios, respectively, wherein the first and second cognitive radio engines define a radio chromosome, where each gene represents a radio parameter, each said cognitive radio engine comprising;

a wireless channel genetic algorithm (WCGA) receiving channel information from the adaptive radio and modeling the channel;

a cognitive system monitor (CSM) receiving the modeled channel from the WCGA and determining if a new radio configuration is needed, building trends from the WCGA and radio statistics, and developing a set of fitness functions; and

a wireless system genetic algorithm (WSGA) receiving the set of fitness functions from the CSM and developing a system chromosome and creating a fitness to match the fitness goal function, said WSGA passing a new system configuration information to the adaptive radio which, in turn, reconfigures itself according to the new system configuration,

said cognitive radio engine implementing a chaotic search with controllable boundaries to seek out and discover unique solutions.

8. The radio network recited in claim 7, wherein the chaotic search is controlled by each of the cognitive radio engines by limiting the range of achievable gene values in the system chromosome to ensure legal and regulatory compliance.

9. The radio network recited in claim 7, wherein the WSGA performs an adaptation process on the chromosomes to develop new values for each gene, which values are then used to modify the radio settings.

10. The radio network recited in claim 7, wherein the WCGA, the CSM and the WSGA are co-located at each of the cognitive radio engines.

11. The radio network recited in claim 7, wherein one or more of the WCGA, the CSM and the WSGA are distributed among two or more cognitive radio engines.

12. The radio network recited in claim 11, wherein a socket-driven TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) stack is used to communicate information between distributed algorithms.

13. The radio network recited in claim 7, further comprising:

a first plurality of broadband users;

a first router to which the first plurality of broadband users are connected, said first router being connected to said first adaptive radio;

a second plurality of broadband users; and

a second router to which the first plurality of broadband users are connected, said second router being connected to said second adaptive radio.

14. The radio network recited in claim 13, wherein at least one of said first and second routers is connected to the Internet, providing Internet access to said first and second plurality of broadband users.

15. A method for controlling an adaptive radio which defines a radio chromosome, where each gene represents a radio parameter, comprising the steps of:

receiving by a wireless channel genetic algorithm (WCGA) channel information from the adaptive radio and modeling the channel;

receiving by a cognitive system monitor (CSM) the modeled channel from the WCGA and determining if a new radio configuration is needed, building trends from the WCGA and radio statistics, implementing a chaotic search with controllable boundaries to seek out and discover unique solutions, and developing a set of fitness functions; and

receiving by a wireless system genetic algorithm (WSGA) the set of fitness functions from the CSM and developing a system chromosome and creating a fitness to match the fitness goal function, said WSGA passing a new system configuration to the adaptive radio which, in turn, reconfigures itself according to the new system configuration.

16. The method for controlling an adaptive radio recited in claim 15, wherein the chaotic search is controlled by limiting the range of achievable gene values in the system chromosome to ensure legal and regulatory compliance.

17. The method for controlling an adaptive radio recited in claim 15, wherein the WSGA performs an adaptation process on the chromosomes to develop new values for each gene, which values are then used to modify the radio settings.