Single or multi-color high efficiency light emitting diode (LED) by growth over a patterned substrate
First Claim
1. A light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
- (a) one or more patterned layers, wherein each patterned layer comprises a mask and materials filling holes in the mask; and
(b) one or more active layers formed on or between the patterned layers, wherein the active layers include one or more light emitting species;
(c) wherein each patterned layer acts as an optical confining layer or a buried diffraction grating for the light emitting species of the active layer.
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Abstract
A single or multi-color light emitting diode (LED) with high extraction efficiency is comprised of a substrate, a buffer layer formed on the substrate, one or more patterned layers deposited on top of the buffer layer, and one or more active layers formed on or between the patterned layers, for example by Lateral Epitaxial Overgrowth (LEO), and including one or more light emitting species, such as quantum wells. The patterned layers include a patterned, perforated or pierced mask made of insulating, semiconducting or metallic material, and materials filling holes in the mask. The patterned layer acts as an optical confining layer due to a contrast of a refractive index with the active layer and/or as a buried diffraction grating due to variation of a refractive index between the mask and the material filling the holes in the mask.
35 Citations
33 Claims
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1. A light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
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(a) one or more patterned layers, wherein each patterned layer comprises a mask and materials filling holes in the mask; and (b) one or more active layers formed on or between the patterned layers, wherein the active layers include one or more light emitting species; (c) wherein each patterned layer acts as an optical confining layer or a buried diffraction grating for the light emitting species of the active layer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method of fabricating a light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
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(a) depositing one or more patterned layers, wherein each patterned layer comprises a mask and materials filling holes in the mask; and (b) forming one or more active layers on or between the patterned layers, wherein the active layers include one or more light emitting species; (c) wherein the patterned layer acts as an optical confining layer or a buried diffraction grating for the light emitting species of the active layer. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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Specification