Methods and apparatus for implementing a high availability fibre channel switch

• US 7,293,105 B2
• Filed: 12/21/2001
• Issued: 11/06/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/21/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Mahajan, Umesh, Mellacheruvu, Ramana, Benedetto, Marco Di, McEwan, John B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Winder; Patrice
• Assistant Examiner(s): BILGRAMI, ASGHAR H
• Application Number:
  US10/026,311
• Publication Number:
  US 20030135642A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,146 Days
• Field of Search: 709/248, 709/238, 709/240, 709/221, 709/227, 709/228, 709/241, 714/6, 714/12, 719/313
• US Class Current: 709/238
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1675 Temporal synchronisation or re-synchronisation of redundant processing components
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2038 with a single idle spare processing component
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2097 maintaining the standby controller/processing unit updated initialisation or re-synchronisation thereof G06F11/1658 and subgroups
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1095 Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1097 for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/5682 Policies or rules for updating, deleting or replacing the stored data
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/329 in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 Network security protocols

Abstract

High availability for a fibre channel switch in a storage area network can be implemented using redundant supervisors. An active supervisor can identify high availability characteristics associated with a message and determine whether the message should be mirrored onto a redundant supervisor, logged, and/or made persistent. Messages can be logged in a pending transaction buffer and stored using persistent storage services. Mirroring can be performed using synchronization queues that allow messages to be passed asynchronously to a redundant supervisor while maintaining full synchronization between supervisors and causing little delay to operation of the active supervisor.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving a message from a first application running on an active supervisor in a fibre channel switch in a storage area network;

determining high availability characteristics associated with the message, wherein high availability characteristics provide information for synchronizing a second application running on a standby supervisor with the first application, wherein a high availability characteristic table is referenced using a message type to determine persistent, logged, and mirrored characteristics associated with the message;

providing the message to the second application running on the standby supervisor when high availability characteristics indicate that the message should be mirrored; and

writing the message to a pending transaction buffer when high availability characteristics indicate that the message should be logged; and

writing the message to a persistent table when high availability characteristics indicate that the message is persistent.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining subscriber characteristics associated with the message, wherein subscriber characteristics provide information for determining which applications running on the active supervisor have subscribed to receive the message.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising providing the message to a plurality of subscribers running on the active supervisor.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein providing the message to the plurality of subscribers comprises copying the message to a first supervisor shared buffer.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein providing the message to the plurality of subscribers comprises providing the subscribers with a reference to the message in the first supervisor shared buffer.

6. The method of claim 3, further comprising providing the message to a plurality of subscribers running on the standby supervisor.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein providing the message to the plurality of subscribers comprising copying the message to a second supervisor shared buffer.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the message is copied to the second supervisor from the first supervisor asynchronously.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein an acknowledgement to the message is sent by the first application before the message is copied to the second supervisor.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein providing the message to the plurality of subscribers running on the standby supervisor comprises providing the subscribers with a reference to the message in the second supervisor shared buffer.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein high availability characteristics relate to mirroring, persistence, and logging.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising maintaining a first supervisor transaction log if high availability characteristics indicate that the message should be logged.

36. The method of claim 1, wherein the message is received into the fibre channel switch by the first application and sent by the first application out of the fibre channel switch.

37. The method of claim 1, wherein the message sent by the first application to another application.

13. A fibre channel switch, comprising:

a fibre channel line card coupled to an external fibre channel network entity;

a first supervisor coupled to the fibre channel line card through a backplane;

a second supervisor coupled to the first supervisor;

wherein the first supervisor is operable to receive a message from the external fibre channel network entity that alters the state of the first supervisor and send an acknowledgement to the external fibre channel network entity before the message is passed to the second supervisor, the first supervisor operable to determine high availability characteristics associated with the message, wherein high availability characteristics provide information for synchronizing the second supervisor in the fibre channel switch with the first supervisor, wherein a high availability characteristic table is referenced using a message type to determine persistent, logged, and mirrored characteristics associated with the message.

14. The fibre channel, switch of claim 13, wherein the first supervisor is further configured to send an advance notification associated with the message to the second supervisor before passing the message to second supervisor.

15. The fibre channel switch of claim 14, wherein the advance notification is a sequence number associated with the message.

16. The fibre channel switch of claim 15, wherein the advance notification is transmitted synchronously before an acknowledgement is sent to the external fibre channel network entity.

17. The fibre channel switch of claim 16, wherein the message is transmitted asynchronously after the message is acknowledged.

18. The fibre channel switch of claim 17, wherein the second supervisor is configured to use the advance notification to verify the consistency of its internal state.

19. The fibre channel switch of claim 14, wherein the first supervisor comprises a first pending transaction buffer.

20. The fibre channel switch of claim 19, wherein the message is copied into the first pending transaction buffer and reference to the message is provided to a first plurality of applications running on the first supervisor.

21. The fibre channel switch of claim 20, wherein the first plurality of applications running on the first supervisor are subscribers to the message.

22. The fibre channel switch of claim 20, wherein the second supervisor comprises a second pending transaction buffer.

23. The fibre channel switch of claim 22, wherein the message is copied into the second pending transaction buffer and a reference to the message is provided to a second plurality of applications running on the second supervisor.

24. The fibre channel switch of claim 23, wherein the second plurality of applications running on the second supervisor are subscribers to the message.

25. The fibre channel switch of claim 23, wherein the first supervisor is an active supervisor and the second supervisor is a standby supervisor.

26. The fibre channel switch of claim 23, wherein the message is copied into the second pending transaction buffer if high availability characteristics of the message indicate that the message should be mirrored.

27. A switch comprising:

means for receiving a message from a first application running on an active supervisor in a fibre channel switch in a storage area network;

means for determining high availability characteristics associated with the message, wherein high availability characteristics provide information for synchronizing a second application running on a standby supervisor in the fibre channel switch with the first application, wherein a high availability characteristic table is referenced using a message type to determine persistent, logged, and mirrored characteristics associated with the message;

means for providing the message to the second application running on the standby supervisor when high availability characteristics indicate that the message a should be mirrored; and

means for writing the message to a pending transaction buffer when high availability characteristics indicate that the message should be logged; and

means for writing the message to a persistent table when high availability characteristics indicate that the message is persistent.

28. The switch of claim 27, further comprising means for determining subscriber characteristics associated with the message, wherein subscriber characteristics provide information for determining which applications running on the active supervisor have subscribed to receive the message.

29. The switch of claim 28, further comprising means for providing the message to a plurality of subscribers running on the active supervisor.

30. The switch of claim 29, wherein providing the message to the plurality of subscribers comprises copying the message to a first supervisor shared buffer.

31. The switch of claim 30, wherein providing the message to the plurality of subscribers comprises providing the subscribers with a reference to the message in the first supervisor shared buffer.

32. The switch of claim 29, further comprising means for providing the message to a plurality of subscribers running ion the standby supervisor.

33. The switch of claim 32, wherein providing the message to the plurality of subscribers comprising copying the message to a second supervisor shared buffer.

34. The switch of claim 33, wherein the message is copied to the second supervisor from the first supervisor asynchronously.

35. The switch of claim 34, wherein an acknowledgement to the message is sent by the first application before the message is copied to the second supervisor.