Clustering based load adaptive sleeping protocol for ad hoc networks
First Claim
1. A clustering based load adaptive sleeping protocol for ad hoc networks, comprising:
- a beacon signal originating from a cluster-head of a cluster, said beacon signal comprising a plurality of sequential beacon intervals, said beacon intervals each comprises a plurality of time slots associated with groups of nodes in said cluster;
wherein said groups of nodes are defined by node_id modulo n, where node id represents a unique host identification of each node, and n is an integer representing a number of groups in said cluster;
wherein said time slots are sequentially numbered zero to n−
1;
wherein each said beacon interval comprises at least one sequence of time slots numbered zero to n−
1; and
wherein one of said n time slots represents an epoch when a node is in an awake state, and n−
1 time slots represent an epoch when said node is in a sleep state.
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Abstract
A clustering based load adaptive sleeping protocol for ad hoc networks includes a plurality of nodes forming a cluster, where the nodes in the cluster are partitioned into n groups. This partitioning is performed based on the node ID (e.g. node_id modulo n). The cluster head transmits a beacon at fixed intervals. The beacon interval is divided into N slots, where N is a multiple of n. Node sleep/activation times are synchronized to the beacon interval slots. The node'"'"'s group number is used to determine the slots within a beacon interval that a node begins it s sleep cycle. Therefore, no additional signaling is required between nodes to indicate sleep patterns. The sleeping time of each node may be increased when extended periods of inactivity are detected according to an adaptive procedure.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A clustering based load adaptive sleeping protocol for ad hoc networks, comprising:
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a beacon signal originating from a cluster-head of a cluster, said beacon signal comprising a plurality of sequential beacon intervals, said beacon intervals each comprises a plurality of time slots associated with groups of nodes in said cluster; wherein said groups of nodes are defined by node_id modulo n, where node id represents a unique host identification of each node, and n is an integer representing a number of groups in said cluster; wherein said time slots are sequentially numbered zero to n−
1;wherein each said beacon interval comprises at least one sequence of time slots numbered zero to n−
1; andwherein one of said n time slots represents an epoch when a node is in an awake state, and n−
1 time slots represent an epoch when said node is in a sleep state. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3)
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4. A method of adapting a sleeping protocol of a node based on traffic patterns of said node, said node being associated with a cluster having a plurality of groups of nodes including a cluster-head node for providing a beacon signal, said method comprising:
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sequentially transitioning between an awake state and a sleep state of operation according to the beacon signal; determining whether said node has received at least one message from another node for a plurality of transition cycles between said awake state and sleep state; and extending said sleep state for each successive transition cycle, in an instance where no messages are received during a previous transition cycle, further comprising; incrementing a counter each time said node cycles between said awake and asleep states of operation; comparing said count to a predetermined count threshold; and extending said sleep state for each successive transition cycle, in an instance where said count exceeds said predetermined count threshold and no messages are received during a previous transition cycle. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of synchronizing a node moving from a first cluster to a second cluster, said node having a sleeping protocol, the method comprising:
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receiving, during an awake state of operation, a first beacon signal originating from a first cluster-head respectively associated with said first cluster, said beacon signal comprising a plurality of sequential beacon intervals, wherein said beacon intervals each comprises a plurality of time slots associated with groups of nodes in said first cluster; sequentially transitioning between an awake state and a sleep state of operation associated with said first beacon signal; during a subsequent awake state of operation, receiving a second beacon signal originates from said second cluster; recording information associated with said second beacon signal; staying in said awake state for a period exceeding a beacon interval of said second beacon signal; and synchronizing with said second beacon signal of said second cluster. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of transferring data from a first node to a second node, at least one of the two nodes having a sleeping protocol, the method comprising:
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transitioning said first node to an active state of operation; setting a message count clock to zero; sending a message from said first node to said second node; in an instance where said second node does not send an acknowledgement message, repeating said message a number of times until a message sent threshold has been exceeded; determining when said second node is in an awake mode; and sending said message from said first node to said second node in an instance where said second node is in said awake mode. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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Specification