Predictive routing including the use of fuzzy logic in a mobile ad hoc network

• US 7,299,038 B2
• Filed: 04/30/2003
• Issued: 11/20/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stingray IP Solutions LLC (Acacia Research Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Harris Corporation (L3Harris Technologies, Inc.)
• Inventors: Cain, Joseph Bibb, Kennedy, Robert A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Maung, Nay
• Assistant Examiner(s): Young, Janelle N.
• Application Number:
  US10/426,580
• Publication Number:
  US 20040219909A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,665 Days
• Field of Search: 455/41.2, 455/41.5, 455/422.1, 455/424, 370/338
• US Class Current: 455/422.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/14 Routing performance; Theoretical aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/26 Resource reservation
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/02 Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/06 based on characteristics of available antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/08 based on transmission power
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/10 based on available power or energy
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/12 based on transmission quality or channel quality
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/18 based on predicted events
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/20 based on geographic position or location
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/246 Connectivity information discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/248 Connectivity information update
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/28 for reactive routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/30 for proactive routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

The mobile ad hoc network includes a plurality of wireless mobile nodes and a plurality of wireless communication links connecting the nodes together. A method for managing and controlling the discovery and maintenance of routes in the network includes predicting future-needed routes or the need for future communications in the network using fuzzy logic. Partial and complete routes are discovered along predicted future-needed routes based upon the predicted need for routes. Route tables are built and updated at each mobile node with a route discovery process to store the partial and complete routes in the network.

Claims

1. A method for operating a mobile ad hoc network comprising a plurality of mobile nodes and a plurality of wireless communication links connecting the mobile nodes together, the method comprising:

predicting future-needed routes in the network using fuzzy logic, a route comprising a set of wireless communication links and mobile nodes from a source to a destination;

discovering routes, including at least one of partial routes and complete routes, based upon the predicted future-needed routes; and

storing the routes.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein predicting future-needed routes comprises storing descriptive information of the network including at least one of physical and operational characteristics of the network.

3. A method according to claim 2 wherein predicting future-needed routes further comprises sampling and updating the stored descriptive information of the network.

4. A method according to claim 1 wherein using fuzzy logic includes using a knowledge base of fuzzy if-then rules.

5. A method according to claim 1 wherein predicting future-needed routes comprises statistical numerical forecasting.

6. A method according to claim 5 wherein the statistical numerical forecasting comprises performing Holt-Winters forecasts.

7. A method according to claim 1 wherein discovering routes along predicted future-needed routes in the network comprises discovering routes from a proxy-source node to a proxy-destination node.

8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the source node transmits a request to the proxy-source node to establish a partial route from the proxy-source node to the proxy-destination node.

9. A method according to claim 1 further comprising predicting future stability of links and nodes along predicted future-needed routes including each node predicting and transmitting link and node stability information to other nodes.

10. A mobile ad hoc network comprising:

a plurality of mobile nodes;

a plurality of wireless communication links connecting the mobile nodes together;

each mobile node comprising

a communications device to wirelessly communicate with other nodes of the plurality of nodes via the wireless communication links, and

a controller to route communications via the communications device, and comprising

a fuzzy-logic route-need predictor to predict a need for future communications between at least two of the plurality of mobile nodes using fuzzy logic,

route tables to define partial and complete routes in the network, a route comprising a set of wireless communication links and mobile nodes from a source node to a destination node, and

a route discovery module to discover routes, including at least one of partial and complete routes, based upon the need for future communications, and to update the route tables.

11. The network according to claim 10 wherein the fuzzy-logic route-need predictor stores descriptive information of the network including at least one of physical and operational characteristics of the network.

12. The network according to claim 11 wherein the fuzzy-logic route-need predictor samples and updates the stored descriptive information of the network.

13. The network according to claim 10 wherein the fuzzy-logic route-need predictor comprises a knowledge base of fuzzy if-then rules.

14. The network according to claim 10 wherein the fuzzy-logic route-need predictor predicts future-needed routes using statistical numerical forecasting.

15. The network according to claim 14 wherein the statistical numerical forecasting comprises performing Holt-Winters forecasts.

16. The network according to claim 10 wherein the route discovery module discovers routes from a proxy-source node to a proxy-destination node.

17. The network according to claim 10 wherein the route-need predictor predicts the need for future communications based upon at least one of mission plans, schedules, planned traffic patterns and network management data.

18. A wireless mobile node for use in a mobile ad hoc network comprising a plurality of mobile nodes, and a plurality of wireless communication links connecting the mobile nodes together, the wireless mobile node comprising:

a communications device to wirelessly communicate with other nodes of the plurality of nodes via the wireless communication links; and

a controller to route communications via the communications device, and comprising

a fuzzy-logic route-need predictor to predict a need for future communications between at least two of the plurality of mobile nodes using fuzzy logic,

route tables to define partial and complete routes in the network, a route comprising a set of wireless communication links and mobile nodes from a source node to a destination node, and

a route discovery module to discover routes, including at least one of partial and complete routes, based upon the need for future communications, and to update the route tables.

19. The wireless mobile node according to claim 18 wherein the fuzzy-logic route-need predictor stores descriptive information of the network including at least one of physical and operational characteristics of the network.

20. The wireless mobile node according to claim 19 wherein the fuzzy-logic route-need predictor samples and updates the stored descriptive information of the network.

21. The wireless mobile node according to claim 18 wherein the fuzzy-logic route-need predictor comprises a knowledge base of fuzzy if-then rules.

22. The wireless mobile node according to claim 18 wherein the fuzzy-logic route-need predictor predicts future-needed routes using statistical numerical forecasting.

23. The wireless mobile node according to claim 22 wherein the statistical numerical forecasting comprises performing Holt-Winters forecasts.

24. The wireless mobile node according to claim 18 wherein the route discovery module discovers routes from a proxy-source node to a proxy-destination node.

25. The wireless mobile node according to claim 18 wherein the route-need predictor predicts the need for future communications based upon at least one of mission plans, schedules, planned traffic patterns and network management data.