Compact apparatus for noninvasive measurement of glucose through near-infrared spectroscopy
First Claim
1. An apparatus for noninvasive measurement of glucose through near-infrared spectroscopy, comprising:
- a base module comprising a grating and a detector array;
a sampling module, configured to be securely and removeably attached to a sample site, and coupled to said base module, said sampling module comprising an illumination source;
an optic system configured to be located before and/or after said sample site for coupling said illumination source to said sample and said sample to said detector array;
an optical filter configured to be located between said illumination source and said sample site, wherein said optical filter comprises;
a silicon filter for removing light under 1050 nm, wherein said grating can be used in the 1150 to 1850 nm region without detection of second or higher order light off of said grating, anda communication bundle for carrying optical and/or electrical signals between said base module and said sampling module, and for carrying power to said sampling module from said base module.
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Abstract
A near IR spectrometer-based analyzer attaches continuously or semi-continuously to a human subject and collects spectral measurements for determining a biological parameter in the sampled tissue, such as glucose concentration. The analyzer includes an optical system optimized to target the cutaneous layer of the sampled tissue so that interference from the adipose layer is minimized. The optical system includes at least one optical probe. Spacing between optical paths and detection fibers of each probe and between probes is optimized to minimize sampling of the adipose subcutaneous layer and to maximize collection of light backscattered from the cutaneous layer. Penetration depth is optimized by limiting range of distances between paths and detection fibers. Minimizing sampling of the adipose layer greatly reduces interference contributed by the fat band in the sample spectrum, increasing signal-to-noise ratio. Providing multiple probes also minimizes interference in the sample spectrum due to placement errors.
304 Citations
92 Claims
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1. An apparatus for noninvasive measurement of glucose through near-infrared spectroscopy, comprising:
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a base module comprising a grating and a detector array; a sampling module, configured to be securely and removeably attached to a sample site, and coupled to said base module, said sampling module comprising an illumination source; an optic system configured to be located before and/or after said sample site for coupling said illumination source to said sample and said sample to said detector array; an optical filter configured to be located between said illumination source and said sample site, wherein said optical filter comprises; a silicon filter for removing light under 1050 nm, wherein said grating can be used in the 1150 to 1850 nm region without detection of second or higher order light off of said grating, and a communication bundle for carrying optical and/or electrical signals between said base module and said sampling module, and for carrying power to said sampling module from said base module. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92)
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Specification