Solicitations for allocations of access across a shared communications medium

• US 7,299,284 B2
• Filed: 03/07/2001
• Issued: 11/20/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Scientific-Atlanta Incorporated (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: McKinnon, Martin W. III, Ehrley, John Joseph, Sotack, Timothy Sean, Subramanian, Mani M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cardone; Jason
• Assistant Examiner(s): Duong; Thomas
• Application Number:
  US09/800,608
• Publication Number:
  US 20020129143A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,449 Days
• Field of Search: 709/224, 709/206, 709232-233
• US Class Current: 709/225
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2801 Broadband local area networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2856 Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access asynchronous transfer mode networks H04L12/5601; broadband local area networks H04L12/2801; optical access or distribution networks H04Q11/0067; access to open networks H04L12/5691; digital subscriber line end-user equipment and bit-level processing of data on a PSTN-based network H04M11/00; home network gateways H04L12/2834; wireless access networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2861 Point-to-multipoint connection from the data network to the subscribers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2876 Handling of subscriber policies group policies management H04L41/0893
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0896 Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities flow or congestion control using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation, H04L47/76
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/147 for predicting network behaviour
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5003 Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5009 Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5019 Ensuring fulfilment of SLA
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5022 by giving priorities, e.g. assigning classes of service
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5029 Service quality level-based billing, e.g. dependent on measured service level customer is charged more or less
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5067 Customer-centric QoS measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5087 wherein the managed service relates to voice services management of VoIP services H04M7/0081
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/509 wherein the managed service relates to media content delivery, e.g. audio, video or TV
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/00 Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/045 for graphical visualisation of monitoring data
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/06 Generation of reports
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/062 related to network traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/067 using time frame reporting
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0829 Packet loss
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0876 : Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0882 : Utilisation of link capacity
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0888 : Throughput
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/106 : using time related information in packets, e.g. by adding timestamps
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/12 : Network monitoring probes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/16 : Threshold monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 : Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/11 : Identifying congestion
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/15 : in relation to multipoint traffic arrangements for broadcast or multicast in data networks H04L12/18
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/20 : Traffic policing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/24 : Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/263 : Rate modification at the source after receiving feedback
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/29 : using a combination of thresholds
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/70 : Admission control; Resource allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/762 : triggered by the network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/788 : Autonomous allocation of resources
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/805 : QOS or priority aware
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/808 : User-type aware
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/823 : Prediction of resource usage
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/824 : Applicable to portable or mobile terminals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/826 : Involving periods of time
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/828 : Allocation of resources per group of connections, e.g. per group of users
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/83 : based on usage prediction
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2385 : Channel allocation H04N21/266 takes precedence; Bandwidth allocation H04N21/24 takes precedence ; allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users in time-division multiplex systems H04J3/1682; admission control, resource allocation in open networks H04L12/5692; arrangements for maintenance or administration in data switching networks involving bandwidth and capacity management H04L41/0896; negotiating bandwidth in wireless networks H04W28/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2408 : Monitoring of the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. client requests monitoring data switching networks utilization H04L43/0876; scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests H04L67/60
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6118 : involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/64738 : Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level data switched network analysis H04L41/14; monitoring functioning in data switched networks H04L43/0817; flow control in packet networks H04L47/10
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/17309 : Transmission or handling of upstream communications
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/50 : in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate

Abstract

A method of providing network access across a shared communications medium between competing users pursuant to SLAs of the users includes the steps of: (a) monitoring network access usage by each user during a time interval; (b) comparing the monitored network access usage by each user with a predetermined threshold value; and (c) soliciting a user to modify the user'"'"'s SLA if the user'"'"'s monitored network access usage varies from the predetermined value by a predetermined tolerance. The solicitation is conducted via email, instant messaging, redirection of a web browser of the user to a solicitation web page, generation and mailing of literature, telephonic communication, or other communication avenue.

Claims

1. A method of providing network access across a shared communications medium between competing users pursuant to service level agreements (SLAs) of the users, comprising the steps of:

(a) determining whether each user has been assigned a forecast function;

(b) determining forecasted network access usage by each user during a future time interval;

(c) comparing said forecasted network access usage by each user with a predetermined threshold value;

(d) in response to comparing, determining at least one candidate for modification of an SLA;

(e) filtering at least one candidate against a list of candidates for which a solicitation is not to be made; and

(f) soliciting at least one filtered candidate to modify an SLA related to that candidate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold value represents a respective maximum level of network access for each user.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold value represents a respective maximum burstable level of network access with target probability for each user.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via email.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via instant messaging.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via redirection of a web browser of the user to a solicitation web page.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via generation and mailing of literature.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via a telephonic communication.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the modification of the user'"'"'s SLA includes guaranteeing a level of network access to the user on a permanent basis.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the modification of the user'"'"'s SLA includes guaranteeing a level of network access to the user with a maximum burstable level of network access with target probability.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising charging the user a fee for the modification of the SLA.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the modification of the user'"'"'s SLA includes guaranteeing a level of network access to the user on a temporary basis.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein network access comprises bandwidth across the shared communications medium for consumption by each user in conveying data of the user.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising monitoring bandwidth that is consumed by each user in an upstream direction of communication across the shared communications medium at time intervals of one minute to fifteen minutes.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein said step determinig forecasted network acces usage comprise monitoring the bandwidth that is consumed by each user in a downstream direction of communication across the shared communications medium at time intervals of fifteen minutes to sixty minutes.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of determining forecasted network access includes collecting data representative of the number of logical data units transmitted from and to each user during a time interval.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of determining forecasted network access usage includes collecting data representative of the number of bytes and data packets transmitted from and to each user during a time interval.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of determining forecasted network access usage includes collecting data representative of the number of logical data units of the user that are dropped during a time interval.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of determining forecasted network access usage includes collecting data representative of the number of bytes and data packets of the user that are dropped during a time interval.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of determining forecasted network access usage includes collecting data representative of the number of logical data units of the user that are requested to be transmitted in the upstream direction during a time interval.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein the shared communications medium is part of a Shared Access Carrier Network.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the Shared Access Carrier Network comprises a Cable Network and the shared communications medium comprises a coaxial cable.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the Shared Access Carrier Network comprises a wireless network.

24. The method of claim 1, farther comprising, based on said forecasted network access usage, allocating network access to each user for a future time interval.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein said step of allocating network access comprises allocating network access equally to the users.

26. The method of claim 24, further comprising prioritizing the users for allocating network access.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein said step of prioritizing is based on the SLAs of the users, wherein the SLAs specify respective minimum levels of network access for the users, and said step of prioritizing includes comparing network access usages for the users with the specified respective minimum levels of network access, and awarding priority to a user when said respective network access usage for such user falls below the user'"'"'s specified respective minimum level of network access.

28. The method of claim 26, wherein said step of prioritizing is based on the SLAs of the users, wherein the SLAs specify respective time-of-day (TOD) minimum levels of network access for users, and said step of prioritizing includes comparing network access usages for such users during the specified respective TOD with the specified respective TOD minimum levels of network access, and awarding priority to a user when said network access usage during the specified respective TOD for such user falls below the user'"'"'s specified respective TOD minimum level of network access.

29. The method of claim 26, wherein said step of prioritizing is based on the SLAs of the users, wherein the SLAs specify respective minimum levels of network access up to a maximum burstable levels with target probability for users, and said step of prioritizing includes comparing network access usage both with the respective minimum levels of network access for such users and with the respective maximum burstable levels of network access for such users, and comparing the instances the respective maximum levels of network access were obtained for such users out of all instances the respective maximum levels of network access were requested for such users.

30. The method of claim 26, wherein said step of prioritizing is based on the SLAs of the users, wherein the SLAs provide a respective fee for network access usage by 5 users, and said step of prioritizing comprises sorting such users based on each user'"'"'s respective fee in decreasing order, with a user with a higher fee receiving priority over a user with a lesser fee.

31. The method of claim 26, wherein said step of prioritizing is based on the SLAs of the users, wherein the SLAs provide respective credits for levels of network access below respective guaranteed levels for users, and said step of prioritizing comprises sorting such users based on each user'"'"'s respective credit in decreasing order, with a user with a higher credit receiving priority over a user with a lower credit.

32. The method of claim 26, wherein said step of prioritizing is based on the SLAs of the users, wherein the SLAs specify respective minimum levels of network access for users, and said step of allocating network access comprises allocating network access to such users equal to each user'"'"'s specified respective minimum level of network access.

33. The method of claim 26, wherein said prioritizing is based on fairness considerations.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein the users are prioritized bawd on user throughput during a time interval, with a user with lesser throughput rate receiving priority over a user with greater throughput rate.

35. The method of claim 33, wherein the users are prioritized based on data loss for each user during a time interval, with a user with greater data loss rate having priority over a user with lesser data loss rate.

36. The method of claim 33, wherein the users are prioritized based on network access usage for a particular time of day, with a user with lesser network access usage for the particular time of day receiving priority over a user with greater network access usage for the particular time of day.

37. The method of claim 33, wherein the users are prioritized based on both user throughput and data loss during a time interval.

38. The method of claim 33, wherein users are prioritized based on an established minimum quality of service (QoS) standard.

39. A method of providing network access across a shared communications medium between competing users pursuant to service level agreements (SLAs) of the users, comprising the steps of:

determining whether each user is assigned a forecast function;

in response to determining that at least one user is not assigned a forecast function, assigning a forecast function to at least one user;

determining forecasted network access usage by each user for respective predetermined future time intervals;

identifying a period of high forecasted network access usage of a user based on said determining;

determining, from said determining forecasted network access usage, at least one candidate for modification of an SLA;

filtering at least one candidate against a list of candidates for which a solicitation is not to be made; and

soliciting at least one filtered candidate to modify an SLA associated with that filtered candidate to guarantee a minimum level of network access during an anticipated future recurrent period of high network access usage.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via email.

41. The method of claim 39, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via instant messaging.

42. The method of claim 39, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via redirection of a web browser of the user to a solicitation web page.

43. The method of claim 39, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via generation and mailing of literature.

44. The method of claim 39, wherein said step of soliciting a user comprises contacting the user via a telephonic communication.

45. The method of claim 39, wherein the modification of the users SLA includes guaranteeing a minimum level of network access to the user for all future recurrent periods of high network access usage.

46. The method of claim 39, wherein the modification of the user'"'"'s SLA includes guaranteeing a minimum level of network access to the user for a predetermined number of future recurrent periods of high network access usage.

47. The method of claim 39, wherein the modification of the user'"'"'s SLA includes guaranteeing a minimum level of network access to the user with a maximum burstable level of network access with target probability for the future period of high network access usage.

48. The method of claim 39, wherein the recurrent time period of high network access usage comprises a particular time of day.

49. The method of claim 39, further comprising charging the user a fee for modification of the user'"'"'s SLA.