Method and apparatus for acquiring heat from multiple heat sources

• US 7,305,829 B2
• Filed: 05/07/2004
• Issued: 12/11/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 05/09/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Recurrent Engineering, LLC (Kalina Power Limited), Recurrent Resources
• Original Assignee: Recurrent Engineering, LLC (Kalina Power Limited)
• Inventors: Mirolli, Mark D., Rhodes, Lawrence, Lerner, Yakov, Pelletier, Richard I.
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, HOANG M
• Application Number:
  US10/841,845
• Publication Number:
  US 20050066660A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,313 Days
• Field of Search: 606/49, 606/51, 606/53, 606/55, 606/71, 606/76
• US Class Current: 60/649
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 25/065 with an absorption fluid remaining at least partly in the liquid state, e.g. water for ammonia F01K5/00 takes precedence

Abstract

The present invention relates to systems and methods for implementing a closed loop thermodynamic cycle utilizing a multi-component working fluid to acquire heat from two or more external heat source streams in an efficient manner utilizing countercurrent exchange. The liquid multi-component working stream is heated by a first external heat source stream at a first heat exchanger and is subsequently divided into a first substream and a second substream. The first substream is heated by the first working stream at a second external heat source stream at a second heat exchanger. The second substream is heated by the second working stream at a third heat exchanger. The first substream and the second substream are then recombined into a single working stream. The recombined working stream is heated by the second external heat source stream at a fourth heat exchanger.

Claims

1. A method for implementing a thermodynamic cycle comprising:

expanding a multi-component gaseous working stream transforming its energy into a usable form and producing a spent stream;

condensing the spent stream producing a condensed stream;

pressurizing the condensed stream and producing a working stream;

splitting the working stream into a first and second substream;

boiling outside of a distillation condensation subsystem a portion of the first and second substreams utilizing multiple heat source streams, wherein the multiple heat source streams are external to the thermodynamic cycle; and

combining the first and second substreams to form a recombined stream.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the multiple heat source streams have different temperatures.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the multiple heat source streams share a same temperature region.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein boiling a portion of the first and second substreams comprises acquiring heat from two or more heat source streams.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein a portion of the first substream is boiled utilizing at least a first external heat source stream.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein a portion of the second substream is boiled utilizing at least a second external heat source stream.

7. A method for implementing a thermodynamic cycle comprising:

transforming energy from a gaseous multi-component working stream into a usable form and producing a spent stream;

condensing the spent stream to produce a liquid working stream;

heating the liquid working stream to the bubble point utilizing a first heat source stream;

splitting the working stream into a first and second substream;

heating the first and second substreams outside of a distillation condensation subsystem from the bubble point at least to the boiling region utilizing overlapping same-temperature regions of the first heat source stream and a second heat source stream, such that a portion of the first substream and the second substream boils, wherein the first and second heat source streams are external to the thermodynamic cycle; and

heating the working stream to above the boiling point to create a heated gaseous working stream.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein condensing the spent stream to produce a liquid working stream comprises condensing the spent stream to form a condensed stream and pressurizing the condensed stream to produce a liquid working stream.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein heating the liquid working stream is conducted in a heat exchanger.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the heating the liquid working stream is conducted in a heat exchanger comprising an economizer preheater.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the first substream is heated utilizing an overlapping same temperature region of the heat source stream.

12. The method of claim 7, wherein the second substream is heated utilizing an overlapping same temperature region of the second heat source stream.

13. A method for implementing a thermodynamic cycle comprising:

expanding a multi-component gaseous working stream transforming its energy into a usable form and producing a spent stream;

condensing the spent stream and producing a condensed stream;

pressurizing the condensed stream and producing a liquid working stream;

splitting the liquid working stream into a first substream and a second substream;

boiling outside of a distillation condensation subsystem a portion of the first substream utilizing at least a first heat source stream; and

boiling outside of the distillation condensation subsystem a portion of the second substream utilizing at least a second heat source stream wherein the first and second heat source streams are external to the thermodynamic cycle.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein a portion of the first substream is boiled in a first heat recovery vapor generator.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein a portion of the second substream is boiled in a second heat recovery vapor generator.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the second substream is pressurized at a greater pressurization than the first substream.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the first substream and the second substream are expanded without being recombined.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein the first substream and the second substream are expanded after being recombined.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first substream and the second substream are heated in a single vapor recovery generator.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein the second substream is split creating additional substreams, the additional substreams of the second substream being heated by first and second external heat source streams and the first substream is heated in a first heat recovery generator utilizing a third external heat source stream.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the first substream is heated at a lower pressurization than the substreams of the second substream.

22. An apparatus for implementing a thermodynamic cycle comprising:

an expander adapted to expand a multi-component gaseous working stream transforming its energy into a usable form and producing a spent stream;

a condenser for converting the spent stream to produce a condensed stream;

a pump for pressurizing the condensed stream to produce a working stream;

a first heat exchanger to heat the working stream utilizing a first heat source stream;

a divider to form a first substream and a second substream from the working stream;

a second heat exchanger to heat the first substream utilizing the first heat source stream;

a third heat exchanger to heat the second substream utilizing a second heat source stream, wherein the first and second heat source streams are external to the thermodynamic cycle;

a recombiner to form a recombined stream from the first substream and the second substream; and

a fourth heat exchanger to heat the recombined stream to form a heated gaseous working stream.

23. A method for implementing a thermodynamic cycle comprising:

expanding a multi-component gaseous working stream transforming its energy into a usable form and producing a spent stream;

condensing the spent stream producing a condensed stream;

pressurizing the condensed stream and producing a working stream;

heating the working stream utilizing a first external heat source stream;

splitting the working stream to form a first substream and a second substream;

heating the first substream utilizing the first heat source stream;

heating the second substream utilizing a second heat source stream, wherein the first and second heat source streams are external to the thermodynamic cycle;

recombining the first substream and the second substream to form a recombined stream; and

heating the recombined stream to from a heated gaseous working stream.

24. A method for implementing a thermodynamic cycle comprising:

expanding a multi-component gaseous working stream transforming its energy into a usable form and producing a spent stream;

condensing the spent stream producing a condensed stream;

pressurizing the condensed stream and producing a working stream;

heating the working stream utilizing a first external heat source stream;

splitting the working stream to form a first substream and a second substream;

heating the first substream utilizing the first heat source stream;

heating the second substream utilizing a second heat source stream, wherein the first and second heat source streams are external to the thermodynamic cycle; and

recombining the first substream and the second substream to form a recombined stream.