Determination of a physical state of an optical device

• US 7,312,435 B2
• Filed: 04/14/2005
• Issued: 12/25/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 04/16/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc.
• Inventors: Nebendahl, Bernd
• Primary Examiner(s): Epps; Georgia
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee; Patrick J.
• Application Number:
  US11/105,697
• Publication Number:
  US 20050230607A1
• Time in Patent Office: 985 Days
• Field of Search: 250/227.14, 250/227.18, 250/227.23, 250/237.R, 250/237.G, 385 12- 13, 356/477, 356/482, 356/484, 356/502, 398/13, 398 20- 24, 398 43- 51
• US Class Current: 250/227.14
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 5/35316 using a Bragg gratings
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 5/35354 Sensor working in reflection
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 11/32 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 1/246 using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings

Abstract

The present invention relates to a determination of a physical state of an optical device by measuring a response signal.

At least two subsequent measurements are executed. Therefore, a first optical signal is transmitted to the optical device, wherein a first optical property of said first signal is varied according to a first function of the time. A second optical property of a first response signal returning from the optical device is measured over the time and a first result function of the second optical property of the first response signal over the first optical property of first optical signal is established. Further, a second optical signal is transmitted to the optical device, wherein the first optical property of said signal is varied according to a second function of the time that is different from the first function of time. The second optical property of the corresponding second response signal is measured and a second result function of the second optical property of the response signal over the first optical property of the transmitted optical signal is established. The physical state of the optical device is determined on the base of a combination of the first and second result functions.

Claims

1. A method of determining a physical state of an optical device with the steps of:

coupling a first optical signal to the optical device, wherein a first optical property of said first optical signal is varied according to a first function over the time,

measuring a second optical property over the time of a first response signal returning from the optical device in response to the first optical signal and establishing a first result function of said second optical property in dependence of the first optical property of the first optical signal,

coupling a second optical signal to the optical device, wherein the first optical property of said second optical signal is varied according to a second function of the time that is different from the first function over the time,

measuring the second optical property over the time of a second response signal returning from the optical device in response to the second optical signal and establishing a second result function of said second optical property in dependence of the first optical property of the second optical signal, and

determining the physical state based on a combination of the first and the second result functions,

wherein a combination of the first and the second result functions is performed by determining a first center value of at least a part of the first function and a second center value of at least a part of the second function and determining a resulting center value in dependence of said first and second center values.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said first and second function of time are chosen to describe each a substantially linear relation between the first optical property resulting in substantially constant variation speeds, wherein the variation speeds have the same absolute value and different signs and wherein the resulting center value is determined by the average of both the center values.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said first and second function of time are chosen to describe each a substantially linear relation between the first optical property and the time resulting in substantially constant variation speeds, wherein the variation speeds have the same absolute value and different signs and wherein the resulting center value is determined by superimposing both first and second measurements results and determining the center value of the superimposed measurements.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said first and second function of time describe each a substantially linear relationship between the first optical property and the time resulting in substantially constant variation speeds and wherein the resulting center value is determined according to the following equation:

$\mathrm{GR}=\frac{\mathrm{C2}·<br><br>\mathrm{G1}-\mathrm{C1}·<br><br>\mathrm{G2}}{\mathrm{C2}-\mathrm{C1}}.$

5. The method of claim 1, wherein a comparison is carried out between the resulting center value and a reference center value derived from known reflection characteristics of the optical device at a reference physical state.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the physical state is determined by evaluating the difference between the resulting center value and the reference center value and wherein the physical state is determined in dependence of the reference physical state and the distance between said centers.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of:

the first center value, the second center value and the resulting center value is determined by evaluating two intersection points of the corresponding function of the second optical property over the first optical property and a horizontal line describing a defined constant value over the first optical property and further determining the mid-point between said intersection points.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of:

the first center value, the second center value and the resulting center value is determined by evaluating the center of mass of that part of the corresponding function of the second optical property over the first optical property, that is above a horizontal line describing a defined constant value over the first optical property.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of:

the first center value, the second center value and the resulting center value is determined by a convolution between a result function of the second optical property over the first optical property and a reference function.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first optical property is the wavelength of the first and second optical signal and the second optical property is the power of the signals returned from the optical device.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the optical device is one of:

a Fiber Bragg Grating, a Fabry Perot Interferometer, or a Michelson Interferometer.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the physical state is one of:

the temperature, the pressure, the strain and the mechanical force.

13. A evaluation unit for determining a physical state of an optical device, comprising

a first input for receiving first optical property information about each of a first and a second optical signal coupled to a optical device,

a second input for receiving second optical property information about each of a correspondingly first and a second returned optical signals from the optical device,

a processing unit for relating the first optical property information and the second optical property information to each other into a result function for each of the optical signals, and determining a resulting center value based on the first and the second result functions.

14. A measurement setup for determining a physical state of an optical device, comprising:

a tunable light source for emitting a first optical signal and a second optical signal, each having an optical property variation over the time,

an optical device for receiving said first optical signal and said second optical signal, and returning corresponding first and second response signals,

an optical detector for determining optical power of the first and second response signals,

optical guides for optically connecting each of the tunable light source and the optical detector to the optical device, and

an evaluation unit having;

a first input for receiving first optical property information about each of said first and second optical signals,

a second input for receiving second optical property information about each of said first and a second response signals, and

a processing unit for relating the first optical property information and the second optical property information to each other into a result function for each of the optical signals, and determining a resulting center value based on the first and the second result functions

wherein said evaluation unit is connected to the tunable light source for receiving the first optical property information, and to the optical detector for receiving the second optical property information.

15. A software program or product stored on a data carrier, for executing in an evaluation unit the following steps, when run on a data processing system such as a computer:

receiving first information about a first optical property of at least two emitted optical signals,

receiving second information about a second optical property of two detected corresponding signals returned from an optical device,

relating the first and the second information to each other into a result function for each of the optical signals, and determining a resulting center value based on the first and the second result functions.