Virtual translation lookaside buffer

• US 7,313,669 B2
• Filed: 02/28/2005
• Issued: 12/25/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Neiger, Gilbert, Chou, Stephen, Cota-Robles, Erik, Jeyasingh, Stalinselvaraj, Kagi, Alain, Kozuch, Michael, Uhlig, Richard, Schoenberg, Sebastian
• Primary Examiner(s): Elmore, Stephen C.
• Application Number:
  US11/069,889
• Publication Number:
  US 20050240751A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,030 Days
• Field of Search: 711/207, 711/118, 711/156, 711/170, 711/203, 711/205, 711/148, 718/1
• US Class Current: 711/207
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/1036 for multiple virtual address spaces, e.g. segmentation G06F12/1045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/1491 in a hierarchical protection system, e.g. privilege levels, memory rings
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45537 Provision of facilities of other operating environments, e.g. WINE I/O emulation G06F13/105

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method for supporting address translation in a virtual-machine environment includes creating a guest translation data structure to be used by a guest operating system for address translation operations, creating an active translation data structure based on the guest translation data structure, and periodically modifying the content of the active translation data structure to conform to the content of the guest translations data structure. The content of the active translation data structure is used by a processor to cache address translations in a translation-lookaside buffer (TLB).

Claims

1. A method for a virtual machine monitor (VMM) comprising:

determining whether an event initiated by guest software pertains to a translation-lookaside buffer (TLB); and

if the event initiated by the guest software pertains to the TLB, modifying content of an active translation data structure controlled by the VMM to conform to content of a guest translation data structure used by a guest operating system for address translation operations, the content of the active translation data structure being used by a processor to cache address translations in the TLB.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the event was initiated due to a potential inconsistency between one or more entries in the active translation data structure and corresponding entries in the guest translation data structure.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the corresponding entries in the guest translation data structures are associated with the event.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein the corresponding entries in the guest translation data structures comprise entries unrelated to the event.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising emulating functionality of the TLB in response to an address-translation operation performed by the guest operating system.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein determining whether the event initiated by guest software pertains to the TLB comprises:

determining whether the event is associated with a page fault that would not occur under operation of the guest software in a non-virtual environment.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising:

modifying the content of the active translation data structure if the event is associated with the page fault that would not occur under operation of the guest software in the non-virtual environment; and

passing control over the event to the guest software if the event is associated with a page fault that would occur under operation of the guest software in the non-virtual environment.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein determining whether the event initiated by guest software pertains to the TLB comprises:

determining whether the event was caused by an attempt of the guest software to remove entries from the TLB.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising:

modifying the content of the active translation data structure if the event was caused by the attempt of the guest software to remove entries from the TLB.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising initializing the active translation data structure by invalidating every entry in the active translation data structure to emulate the TLB with no entries.

11. The method of claim 1 further comprising maintaining the active translation data structure for each virtual machine running on a computer.

12. The method of claim 1 further comprising maintaining the active translation data structure for each set of privilege levels that can be distinguished by page-based protection.

13. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining that the event is caused by an attempt of the guest software to change a privilege level; and

determining whether the changed privilege level affects page-based protection.

14. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining that a page fault was caused by an attempt of the guest software to access memory using an entry of the active translation data structure that is marked as an invalid entry;

determining that a corresponding entry in the guest translation data structure is marked as a valid entry with an accessed flag set to a not-accessed value;

marking the entry in the active translation data structure as a valid entry; and

setting the accessed flag in the entry of the guest translation data structure to an accessed value.

15. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining that a page fault was caused by an attempt of the guest software to write to memory using an entry of the active translation data structure that is marked as an invalid entry or a read-only entry;

determining that a corresponding entry in the guest translation data structure is marked as a valid read/write entry with a modified flag set to a not-modified value;

marking the entry in the active translation data stricture as a valid read/write entry; and

setting the modified flag in the entry of the guest translation data structure to a modified value.

16. A system comprising:

a flash memory;

a random access memory (RAM) to store a guest translation data structure used by a guest operating system for address translation operations and an active translation data structure managed by a virtual machine monitor (VMM); and

a processor, coupled to the flash memory and the RAM, to contain a translation-lookaside buffer (TLB), to determine whether an event initiated by guest software pertains to the TLB, and to modify content of the active translation data structure to conform to content of the guest translation data structure if the event initiated by the guest software pertains to the TLB.

17. The system of claim 16 wherein the event was initiated due to a potential inconsistency between one or more entries in the active translation data structure and corresponding entries in the guest translation data structure.

18. The system of claim 17 wherein the corresponding entries in the guest translation data structures are associated with the event.

19. The system of claim 17 wherein the corresponding entries in the guest translation data structures comprise entries unrelated to the event.

20. A computer readable medium that provides instructions, which when executed on a processor, cause said processor to perform a method for a virtual machine monitor (VMM) comprising:

determining whether an event initiated by guest software pertains to a translation-lookaside buffer (TLB); and

if the event initiated by the guest software pertains to the TLB, modifying content of an active translation data structure controlled by the VMM to conform to content of a guest translation data structure used by a guest operating system for address translation operations, the content of the active translation data structure being used by a processor to cache address translations in the TLB.

21. The computer readable medium of claim 20 wherein the event was initiated due to a potential inconsistency between one or more entries in the active translation data structure and corresponding entries in the guest translation data structure.

22. The computer readable medium of claim 20 wherein the method further comprises emulating functionality of the TLB in response to an address-translation operation performed by the guest operating system.