Methods and system for merging graphics for display on a computing device

• US 7,315,308 B2
• Filed: 05/21/2004
• Issued: 01/01/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 03/23/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: McCartney, Colin D., Estrop, Stephen J., Wilt, Nicholas P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chauhan; Ulka
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pappas; Peter-Anthony
• Application Number:
  US10/850,793
• Publication Number:
  US 20040217960A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,320 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 345/530
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2320/103 Detection of image changes, e.g. determination of an index representative of the image change
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2340/0407 Resolution change, inclusive of the use of different resolutions for different screen areas
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2340/10 Mixing of images, i.e. displayed pixel being the result of an operation, e.g. adding, on the corresponding input pixels
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2340/12 Overlay of images, i.e. displayed pixel being the result of switching between the corresponding input pixels
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2340/125 wherein one of the images is motion video
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/14 Display of multiple viewports
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/393 Arrangements for updating the contents of the bit-mapped memory
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/397 Arrangements specially adapted for transferring the contents of two or more bit-mapped memories to the screen simultaneously, e.g. for mixing or overlay G09G5/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/399 using two or more bit-mapped memories, the operations of which are switched in time, e.g. ping-pong buffers

Abstract

Disclosed are methods and systems that allow video applications to merge their outputs for display and to transform the outputs of other applications before display. A graphics arbiter tells applications the estimated time when the next frame will be displayed on a display screen. Applications tailor their output to the estimated display time. When output from a first application is incorporated into a scene produced by a second application, the graphics arbiter “offsets” the estimated display time it gives to the first application in order to compensate for the latency caused by the second application'"'"'s processing of the first application'"'"'s output. A set of overlay buffers parallels the traditional buffers used to prepare frames for the display screen. In composing a frame, the screen merges video information from a traditional buffer with that from an overlay buffer, conserving display resources at the final point in the display composition process.

Claims

1. A method for a graphics arbiter, distinct from a first display source and from a second display source, to notify the first display source of a first estimated time when a future frame will be displayed on a display device, the first display source providing display information to the second display source, the method comprising:

notifying the second display source of a second estimated time when the future frame will be displayed on the display device, wherein the second estimated time is based on a vertical synchronization event (VSYNC) of the display device;

notifying the first display source of a first estimated time when the future frame will be displayed on the display device, the first estimated frame time offset from the second estimated frame time, the offset based, at least in part, on an estimated amount of time to be spent by the second display source in processing the display information provided by the first display source; and

displaying the future frame on the display device.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the graphics arbiter notifies the second display source in association with receiving an indication of a refresh of the display device and wherein the offset is based, at least in part, on a refresh rate of the display device.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising gathering display information from a first display memory surface set.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein gathering display information from a first display memory surface set comprises gathering the display information from a ready buffer in a display flipping chain of the first display memory surface set.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising transferring display information from a first memory surface set and from a second display surface set to a presentation surface set associated with the display device.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein transferring display information comprises transferring the display information to portions of a presentation back buffer of a presentation flipping chain of a presentation surface set associated with the display device.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

reading a drawing instruction from a third display source distinct from the graphics arbiter; and

performing a drawing instruction to write to a presentation surface set associated with the display device.

8. A computer-readable medium containing instructions for performing a method for a graphics arbiter, distinct from a first display source and from a second display source, to notify the first display source of a first estimated time when a future frame will be displayed on a display device, the first display source providing display information to the second display source, the method comprising:

notifying the second display source of a second estimated time when the future frame will be displayed on the display device, wherein the second estimated time is based a vertical synchronization event (VSYNC) of the display device;

notifying the first display source of a first estimated time when the future frame will be displayed on the display device, the first estimated time offset from the second estimated frame time, the offset based, at least in part, on an estimated amount of time to be spent by the second display source in processing the display information provided by the first display source, wherein the second estimated time is based on a vertical synchronization event (VSYNC) of the display device; and

displaying the future frame on the display device.

9. The computer readable medium of claim 8 wherein the graphics arbiter notifies the second display source in association with receiving an indication of a refresh of the display device and wherein the offset is based, at least in part, on a refresh rate of the display device.

10. The computer readable medium of claim 8 further comprising gathering display information from a first display memory surface set.

11. The computer readable medium of claim 10 wherein gathering display information from a first display memory surface set comprises gathering the display information from a ready buffer in a display flipping chain of the first display memory surface set.

12. The computer readable medium of claim 8 further comprising transferring display information from a first memory surface set and from a second display surface set to a presentation surface set associated with the display device.

13. The computer readable medium of claim 12 wherein transferring display information comprises transferring the display information to portions of a presentation back buffer of a presentation flipping chain of a presentation surface set associated with the display device.

14. The computer readable medium of claim 8 further comprising:

reading a drawing instruction from a third display source distinct from the graphics arbiter; and

performing a drawing instruction to write to a presentation surface set associated with the display device.

15. The computer readable medium of claim 8 further comprising notifying the first display source of a time when a scan line was displayed on the display device.

16. A system for enabling a graphics arbiter, distinct from a first display source and from a second display source, to notify the first display source of a first estimated time when a future frame will be displayed on a display device, the first display source providing display information to the second display source, the system comprising:

a memory storage; and

a processing unit coupled to the memory storage, wherein the processing unit is operative to;

notify the second display source of a second estimated time when the future frame will be displayed on the display device, wherein the second estimated time is based on a vertical synchronization event (VSYNC) of the display device;

notify the first display source of a first estimated frame time offset, the first estimated frame time offset based on an estimated amount of time to be spent by the second display source in processing the display information provided by the first display source; and

display the future frame on the display device.

17. The system of claim 16 wherein the processor is further operative to notify the second display source in association with receiving an indication of a refresh rate of the display device and wherein the offset is based, at least in part, on a refresh rate of the display device.

18. The system of claim 16 wherein the processor is further operative to:

read a drawing instruction from a third display source distinct from the graphics arbiter; and

perform a drawing instruction to write to a presentation surface set associated with the display device.

19. The system of claim 16 wherein the processor is further operative to transfer display information from a first memory surface set and from a second display surface set to a presentation surface set associated with the display device.

20. The system of claim 16 wherein the processor is further operative to gather display information from a first display memory surface set comprises gathering the display information from a ready buffer in a display flipping chain of the first display memory surface set.