System for developing and deploying radio frequency identification enabled software applications

• US 7,317,394 B2
• Filed: 01/04/2005
• Issued: 01/08/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 01/04/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: RFCyber Corp. (RFCyber Corporation)
• Original Assignee: RFCyber Corp. (RFCyber Corporation)
• Inventors: Fung, Daniel, Pan, Hsin, Cho, Fu-Liang, Koh, Liang Seng, Cho, Fu-Tong
• Primary Examiner(s): Wu; Daniel
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bugg; George A.
• Application Number:
  US11/029,867
• Publication Number:
  US 20060161878A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,099 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572.1
• US Class Current: 340/572.1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/10 Requirements analysis; Specification techniques

Abstract

A system, method and related software architecture are disclosed as a platform for developing and deploying RFID-enabled software applications. The platform is a framework between these applications and their connected physical RFID devices. The runtime version of this platform can be thought of as a logical RFID device. The platform allows RFID-enabled applications securely communicate with physical RFID devices to monitor their status and to access their tag data. The platform includes externalized APIs for accessing tag data, an event manager to alert applications of events coming from RFID devices and tags, data manager to filter and reconcile data returned from physical RFID readers before relaying them to applications, device manager to monitor the RFID device status for network management, and secured communication channels with data encryption. The deployed RFID-enabled applications can recognize user identification via the RFID tags then access data of selected RFID tags within a secured infrastructure.

Claims

1. A system for developing and deploying a number of individually located Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID)-enabled software applications, capable of securely monitoring a status of and communicating with a number of connected physical RFID devices to access data stored on RFID tags, the system comprising:

an RFID-Software Development Kit (RFID-SDK) comprising a set of externalized RFID-enabling Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) invokable, during run time, by said RFID-enabled software applications for accessing the RFID tag data; and

a number of logical RFID devices, each coupled with said RFID-enabled software applications through a selectable subset of said set of externalized RFID-enabling APIs, and coupled with said physical RFID devices through a corresponding set of device-dependent interfaces, each communicating with a matching member of said RFID devices, for securely bridging communication between said RFID-enabled software applications and said physical RFID devices to access the RFID tag data.

2. The system of claim 1 further comprises a device monitor and manager, being a device manager service daemon running in said number of logical RFID devices, for monitoring and controlling said physical RFID devices and said logical RFID devices in real-time.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein said data monitor and manager, coupled to said number of logical RFID devices, is provided for monitoring and managing data flow between said RFID-enabled software applications and said RFID devices.

4. The system of claim 2 wherein said device monitor and manager further comprises a set of externalized device monitoring and controlling commands and APIs for monitoring and controlling said physical RFID devices and said logical RFID devices.

5. The system of claim 3 wherein said data monitor and manager further comprises:

a number of plug-in services and templates as hooks to implement RFID-enabled software application logic for data filtering and aggregation;

a data-flow tracker for keeping a track of the flows of data between said RFID-enabled software applications and all connected physical RFID devices through selected RFID tags within their RF scan fields; and

a data-flow analyzer for analyzing data flows between said RFID-enabled software applications and all connected physical RFID devices through selected RFID tags within their RF scan fields for data mining.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein said RFID-SDK further comprises:

an RFID Web Service Kit (RFID-WSK) that further comprising;

a set of APIs for scripting web client pages;

a set of web objects each being a server-resident service; and

a set of data objects represented in web page markup languages.

7. The system of claim 1 wherein said RFID-SDK further comprises a set of plug-in components for a web browser.

8. The system of claim 6, wherein said server-resident services further comprises a set of web objects capable of performing one or more of following operations:

dispatching requests from said web client pages;

calling plug-in components provided by users to get application specific information for next step operations;

preparing encrypted request packets to be sent to a web client to get RFID tag data from a client site;

processing encrypted result packets returned from said web client;

calling plug-in components provided by users for applying application specific logic to prepare a returned object; and

returning a final result back to said web client.

9. The system of claim 6 wherein said markup languages are selected from a group consisting of:

Extensible Markup Language (XML), HyperText Markup Language (HTML), Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), Vector Markup language (VML), Theological Markup Language (ThML) and Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML).

10. The system of claim 1 wherein said number of logical RFID devices, corresponding RFID-enabled software applications, and corresponding physical RFID devices, reside on one or more different computers.

11. The system of claim 1 wherein said set of externalized RFID-enabling APIs further comprises:

a number of command-APIs for effecting an interaction between said RFID-enabled software applications and said logical RFID devices;

a number of callback-APIs, each being a callback registration, for registering events coming from the interior of said logical RFID devices;

a number of plug-in services, each being a catcher of events coming from the interior of said logical RFID devices, for registering and invocating application plug-ins; and

a set of application development tools for developing client components invokable, during run time, by said RFID-enabled software applications for accessing the RFID tag data.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein said command-APIs further support a number of computer programming languages.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein said number of computer programming languages are selected from a group consisting of:

one or more of the followings;

C++, C, C#, Visual Basic, Java, and JavaScript.

14. The system of claim 10, wherein said callback-APIs support a number of computer programming languages.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein said number of computer programming languages are selected from a group consisting of:

C++, C, C#, and Java.

16. The system of claim 1 wherein each of said number of logical RFID devices further comprises a logical RFID device runtime daemon for communicating with said subset of RFID-enabling APIs and for providing said device-dependent interfaces.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein said logical RFID device runtime daemon further comprises:

a command-APIs listener, together with a coupled secured control channel and a coupled secured data channel, for providing bi-directional communication channels and maintaining an information flow between said logical RFID device and each of those RFID-enabling APIs; and

an event dispatcher, together with an optional, coupled secured event notification channel, for establishing event notification channels and managing an event flow between said logical RFID device and each of those RFID-enabling APIs,

thereby insuring end-to-end secured communications between said number of RFID-enabled software applications and said number of physical RFID devices.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein information flowing through said control channel, said data channel and said event notification channel carries operation requests against said RFID tags, responses against said RFID tags and data.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein said control channel, data channel and event notification channel are all secured through data encryption.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein said data encryption is implemented with symmetric encryption algorithms with dynamically or statically generated keys.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein said symmetric encryption algorithms are selected from a group consisting of:

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), DES (Data Encryption Standard), triple-DES, RC2, RC4, RC5, Blowfish, SAFER, SEAL, or WAKE.

22. The system of claim 19, wherein information flowing through said control channel, data channel and event notification channel are further secured through data encryption.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein said data encryption is implemented with symmetric encryption algorithms.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein said symmetric encryption algorithms are selected from a group consisting of:

AES, DES, triple-DES, RC2, RC4, RC5, Blow fish, SAFER, SEAL, or WAKE.

25. The system of claim 16, wherein said logical RFID device runtime daemon further comprises a device interface manager for handling and converting device-dependent communication protocols associated with each of said set of device-dependent interfaces into a device-independent interface for controlling and accessing data from said matching member of said RFID devices.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein, for providing said device-dependent interfaces, said logical RFID device runtime daemon further comprises an adaptor manager, coupled with said device interface manager through said device-independent interfaces for concurrently handling operations of all connected physical RFID devices.

27. The system of claim 25, wherein said device-dependent communication protocols comprise either wired or wireless communication protocols.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein said wired and wireless communication protocols are selected from a group consisting of RS232, RS422, USB, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.

29. The system of claim 26, wherein said adaptor manager further comprises:

an adaptor-type definer for defining an adaptor type for each kind of said physical RFID devices, according to its unique set of communication attributes and service attributes;

an adaptor constructor for creating one adaptor instance for each of said connected physical RFID devices;

an adaptor controller for concurrently monitoring and controlling operational status of all connected physical RFID devices through their respective adaptor instances; and

an adaptor cluster for grouping and/or defining a hierarchical structure for a set of adaptor instances according to a set of clustering parameters.

30. The system of claim 17, wherein, through said event notification channels, said event dispatcher sends following categories of events:

tag events being related to RFID tags in an Radio Frequency (RF) scanning field; and

control events being related to the status of said adaptor instance.

31. The system of claim 30, wherein said event dispatcher further enables said RFID-enabled software applications to register a callback by invoking said RFID-enabling APIs that is either a callback-API or a plug-in service.

32. The system of claim 29, wherein said control channel carries operation requests and responses against said adaptor instance.

33. The system of claim 29, wherein said set of communication attributes further include a communication protocol and a port number.

34. The system of claim 29, wherein said set of service attributes further include one or more of following parameters related to said logical RFID device runtime daemon:

a length of each polling cycle to read RFID tag data within an RF scan field;

a time duration after a last scanned RFID tag for ending a polling cycle;

a time interval between consecutive polling cycles;

an anti-collision index of a physical RFID device;

a data length of each read operation upon a scanned RFID tag; and

a type of events triggering a polling operation.

35. The system of claim 29, wherein each said control channel further carries operation requests from an originating adaptor instance and carries responses to said originating adaptor instance;

and each said data channel further carries RFID tags data corresponding to said operation requests and said responses.

36. The system of claim 29, wherein said adaptor manager further comprises an adaptor cluster for grouping a number of adaptor instances according to a set of clustering parameters.

37. The system of claim 36, wherein said clustering parameters further comprises one or more of:

physical proximity of said physical RFID devices, identify of RF scanning fields of said physical RFID devices, location of said physical RFID devices, mission of said physical RFID devices and load balancing of objects being scanned by said physical RFID devices.

38. The system of claim 26, wherein said logical RFID device runtime daemon further comprises a tag data processing manager, coupled with said adaptor manager, said command-APIs listener and said event dispatcher, for filtering the RFID tags data read from each set of grouped adaptor instances by achieving one or more of:

eliminating duplicated RFID tags data retrieved from the same RFID tag;

cleaning up unexpected RFID tags data;

aggregating RFID tags data to fulfill a corresponding requirement from said RFID-enabled software applications; and

delivering commands and data originated from said RFID-enabled software applications to targeted adaptor instances of said adaptor manager.

39. The system of claim 17, wherein said device monitor and manager further comprises:

a set of commands and externalized device management APIs for network management against all said connected physical RFID devices; and

a set of externalized event management APIs for notifying said RFID-enabled software applications of predefined events coming from said physical RFID devices.

40. The system of claim 39, wherein said device management supports existing standard network management protocols used in network management through monitoring said connected physical RFID devices.

41. The system of claim 40, wherein said standard network management protocols include Simple Network Management Protocols (SNMP).

42. The system of claim 3, wherein said data monitor and manager further comprises:

a set of externalized data access APIs usable by said RFID-enabled software applications for accessing the RFID tags data; and

a set of externalized data management APIs for filtering and reconciling the RFID tags data from said physical RFID devices before sending a resulting valid data to said RFID-enabled software applications.

43. The system of claim 42, wherein said data monitor and manager further comprises a tag administration tool for initializing inserted new RFID tags and keeping track of the status of all initialized tags.

44. The system of claim 1 wherein said system is implemented on a personal computing machine, an industrial computing machine or an embedded system box containing all software platform functionality as well as computing and networking capability.

45. A method for developing and deploying Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID)-enabled software applications capable of securely monitoring the status of and communicating with a number of connected physical RFID devices to access data stored on RFID tags, the method comprising:

providing an RFID-Software Development Kit (RFID-SDK) comprising a set of externalized RFID-enabling Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) invokable, during run time, by said RFID-enabled software applications for accessing RFID tag data; and

providing a number of logical RFID devices, each coupled with said RFID-enabled software applications through a selectable subset of said set of externalized RFID-enabling APIsand coupled with said physical RFID devices through a corresponding set of device-dependent interfaces, each for communicating with a matching member of said RFID devices, for securely bridging the communication between said RFID-enabled software applications and said physical RFID devices to access data stored on said RFID tags.

46. The method of claim 45 further comprising:

installing a device monitor and manager, being a device manager service daemon, for monitoring and controlling said RFID devices in real-time; and

installing a data monitor and manager, coupled to said number of logical RFID devices, for monitoring and managing data flow between said RFID-enabled software applications and said RFID devices.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein said step of monitoring and controlling said physical RFID devices and said logical RFID devices further comprising:

configuring said physical RFID devices and said logical RFID devices;

performing control operation thereon;

monitoring operation status thereof; and

reviewing operation logs thereof.

48. The method of claim 45, wherein the step of providing an RFID-Software Development Kit (RFID-SDK) for a desktop or networked deployment of said RFID-enabled software applications to securely monitor the status of and access RFID tags data from a targeted physical RFID device, further comprises:

invoking a RFID-enabling API with a client component of said RFID-enabled software application;

establishing secured communication with and sending a request message to a correspondingly targeted logical RFID device with the invoked RFID-enabling API;

sending a request message to the target physical RFID device, being attached to the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device, and accessing data stored on the RFID tag with the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device; and

returning the accessed data, via the client component of said RFID-enabling API, back to said RFID-enabled software application with the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein establishing secured communication with and sending a request message to a correspondingly targeted logical RFID device further comprises:

establishing a secured data channel with the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device;

encrypting application data and e the request message; and

sending the encrypted request message over the established secured data channel to the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device.

50. The method of claim 48, wherein sending a request message to the target physical RFID device and accessing data stored on the RFID tag further comprises:

sending a request to the targeted physical RFID device;

communicating with and accessing data on scanned RFID tags in an RF scan field with the targeted physical RFID device; and

receiving results from the targeted physical RFID device with the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device.

51. The method of claim 50, wherein sending a request to the targeted physical RFID device further comprises performing a number of round trips of RF operations from the targeted logical RFID device to the targeted physical RFID device.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein performing a number of round trips of RF operations further comprises executing anti-collision protocol to select the inserted RFID tags and performing any required read/write operations on the scanned RFID tags.

53. The method of claim 48, wherein returning the accessed data back to said RFID-enabled software application further comprises:

formatting a result message containing the accessed data and encrypting the result message;

sending the encrypted result message over the secured data channel back to the client component;

decrypting the encrypted result message, and further decrypting any application data if needed; and

returning the decrypted accessed data back to said RFID-enabled software application.

54. The method of claim 45 wherein, the step of providing an RFID-Software Development Kit (RFID-SDK) for a brower-related web deployment of aid RFID-enabled software applications for the user to securely retrieve a requested document containing RFID tags data in a targeted physical RFID device, further comprises the following steps:

triggering a web client by clicking on a corresponding markup language control on the web page;

requesting, with the web client, a web object, residing on a hosting server, to implement web service APIs serving the web client;

establishing, with the web object, secured communication with and sending a request message to a correspondingly targeted logical RFID device residing on the same computer as a web browser;

sending a request message to the target physical RFID device, being attached to the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device, and accessing data stored on the RFID tag with the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device; and

securely returning the requested document containing the accessed RFID tags data to the user.

55. The method of claim 54, wherein requesting a web object to implement web service APIs further comprises:

passing the request to a loaded plug-in component in the web browser; and

formatting a corresponding message and sending a POST request to said web object to implement said web service APIs.

56. The method of claim 54, wherein establishing secured communication with and sending a request message to a correspondingly targeted logical RFID device further comprises:

establishing a secured data channel with the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device;

processing the POST request of a web protocol and preparing a corresponding API request message;

encrypting application data if needed, formatting the request message with appropriate data and encrypting the request message; and

sending the encrypted request message over the established secured data channel to the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein preparing a corresponding API request message further comprises:

hiding all sensitive data at a data store that is only accessible by said web applications; and

retrieving said sensitive data from said data store.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein said sensitive data further include tag authentication keys, access control bits and security configuration.

59. The method of claim 57, wherein preparing a corresponding API request message further comprises:

retrieving related keys and seeds for encryption;

encrypting application data if needed; and

formatting and encrypting the API request message.

60. The method of claim 56, wherein sending the encrypted request message to the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device further comprises:

returning, with the web object, the encrypted API request message in an HTTP POST return message to the plug-in component in the web browser; and

forwarding, with the plug-in component, the encrypted API request message to the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device.

61. The method of claim 54, wherein sending a request message to the target physical RFID device and accessing data stored on the RFID tag further comprises:

sending a request to the targeted physical RFID device;

communicating with and accessing data on inserted RFID tags in an RF scan field with the targeted physical RFID device; and

receiving results from the targeted physical RFID device with the correspondingly targeted logical RFID device.

62. The method of claim 61, wherein sending a request to the targeted physical RFID device further comprises performing a number of round trips of RF operations from the targeted logical RFID device to the targeted physical RFID device.

63. The method of claim 62, wherein performing a number of round trips of RF operations further comprises:

executing anti-collision protocol to select the inserted RFID tags; and

performing any required read/write operations on the inserted RFID tags.

64. The method of claim 56, wherein securely returning the requested document containing the accessed RFID tags data to the user further comprises:

formatting and encrypting a result message containing the accessed data;

sending the encrypted result message over the secured data channel to a loaded plug-in component in the web browser;

decrypting the encrypted result message, and sending a corresponding HTTP POST request over the Internet to the web object;

processing the result message to one of the existing web markup language formats and returning the resulting requested document to the loaded plug-in component; and

returning the requested document back to the user via the triggered web client.

65. The method of claim 48 further comprises the step of handling a tag event for the presenting of an RFID tag within the RF scan field of one of said physical RFID devices.

66. The method of claim 65 further comprises the steps of:

polling said one physical RFID device and detecting the tag event with a targeted logical RFID device coupled with said one physical RFID device; and

issuing the tag event to an event queue with the targeted logical RFID device.

67. The method of claim 66 further comprises the steps of:

registering a callback with a client component and, if an event notification channel has not already been established for the targeted logical RFID device, establishing said event notification channel; and

picking up the first event in the event queue and dispatching the picked up event to all correspondingly established event notification channels with an event dispatcher of said targeted logical RFID device.

68. The method of claim 66, wherein issuing the tag event to an event queue further comprises:

reading the tag identification and/or tag data of the detected tag event;

qualifying the detected tag event according to predefined conditions; and

inserting the qualified tag event with its tag identification to an event queue.

69. The method of claim 48 further comprises the step of handling a control event defined as the status change of a connected physical RFID device or its corresponding adaptor instance.

70. The method of claim 69 further comprises monitoring the status of all adaptor instances, detecting any status change and preparing a corresponding control event.

71. The method of claim 70 further comprises issuing the control event, upon its qualification, to an event queue with a targeted logical RFID device.

72. The method of claim 70 further comprises registering a callback with a client component and, if an event notification channel has not already been established for the targeted logical RFID device, establishing said event notification channel.

73. The method of claim 72 further comprises picking up the first event in the event queue and dispatching the picked up event to all correspondingly established event notification channels with an event dispatcher of said targeted logical RFID device.

74. The method of claim 71, wherein issuing the control event to an event queue further comprises:

qualifying the detected control event according to the absence of pending previously detected duplicate control event; and

inserting the thus qualified control event to an event queue.