Genome signature tags
First Claim
1. A method for analyzing the organismic complexity of a sample, comprising:
- a) providing a sample containing one or more organisms;
b) isolating the DNA from the organisms in the sample;
c) contacting the DNA with a fragmenting enzyme, said fragmenting enzyme being a type IT restriction endonuclease, under conditions appropriate for substantially complete digestion of the DNA thereby generating a plurality of DNA fragment species, each having complementary cohesive termini;
d) incubating the DNA fragment species of step c) with a molar excess of a capture adapter, the capture adapter being a substantially duplex DNA having a portion which is covalently modifiedwith a first member of a specific binding pair and also having one cohesive end compatible with the cohesive termini generated by the fragmenting enzyme of step c), under conditions appropriate for ligating the capture adapter to each of the complementary cohesive termini of the DNA fragment species, thereby generating a plurality of ligation products;
e) contacting the ligation products of step d) with an anchoring enzyme under conditions for substantially complete digestion of the ligation products, said anchoring enzyme being a restriction endonuclease having a high probability of cleaving a substantial number of DNA fragment species generated in step c) at least one time, thereby generating a plurality of digestion products which have one cohesive terminus generated by the anchoring enzyme and a portion that is covalently modified with a first member of the specific binding pair;
f) capturing the digestion products of step e) by contacting the digestion products with a solid support having an attached second member of the, specific binding pair;
g) incubating the solid support and captured digestion products of step f) with a molar excess of a duplex linker having a type IIS restriction enzyme recognition sequence and one cohesive terminus compatible pith termini generated by the anchoring enzyme of step e), under conditions appropriate for ligating one duplex linker to the cohesive termini of the captured digestion products, thereby ligating a recognition sequence for a type ITS restriction enzyme to the captured digestion products;
h) incubating the ligation product of step g) with the type IIS restriction enzyme, under conditions appropriate for substantially complete digestion thereby releasing the duplex linkers, each having an appended signature tag;
i) recovering the released duplex linkers and appended signature tags;
j) incubating the recovered linkers and tags of step i) with a molar excess of an amplification adapter, the amplification adapter having one terminus compatible with the termini of the appended signature tags, the incubation being carried out under conditions appropriate for ligating one amplification adapter to each appended signature tag;
k) recovering the ligation products of step j);
l) determining the nucleotide sequence of a statistically. significant number of appended signaturetags to generate a listing of signature tags; and
,m) relating the listing, of signature tags of step 1) to DNA sequences in databases to determine the variety and relative numbers of organisms originally present in the sample thereby analyzing the organismic complexity of the sample.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Disclosed is a method for analyzing the organismic complexity of a sample through analysis of the nucleic acid in the sample. In the disclosed method, through a series of steps, including digestion with a type II restriction enzyme, ligation of capture adapters and linkers and digestion with a type IIS restriction enzyme, genome signature tags are produced. The sequences of a statistically significant number of the signature tags are determined and the sequences are used to identify and quantify the organisms in the sample. Various embodiments of the invention described herein include methods for using single point genome signature tags to analyze the related families present in a sample, methods for analyzing sequences associated with hyper- and hypo-methylated CpG islands, methods for visualizing organismic complexity change in a sampling location over time and methods for generating the genome signature tag profile of a sample of fragmented DNA.
40 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method for analyzing the organismic complexity of a sample, comprising:
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a) providing a sample containing one or more organisms; b) isolating the DNA from the organisms in the sample; c) contacting the DNA with a fragmenting enzyme, said fragmenting enzyme being a type IT restriction endonuclease, under conditions appropriate for substantially complete digestion of the DNA thereby generating a plurality of DNA fragment species, each having complementary cohesive termini; d) incubating the DNA fragment species of step c) with a molar excess of a capture adapter, the capture adapter being a substantially duplex DNA having a portion which is covalently modifiedwith a first member of a specific binding pair and also having one cohesive end compatible with the cohesive termini generated by the fragmenting enzyme of step c), under conditions appropriate for ligating the capture adapter to each of the complementary cohesive termini of the DNA fragment species, thereby generating a plurality of ligation products; e) contacting the ligation products of step d) with an anchoring enzyme under conditions for substantially complete digestion of the ligation products, said anchoring enzyme being a restriction endonuclease having a high probability of cleaving a substantial number of DNA fragment species generated in step c) at least one time, thereby generating a plurality of digestion products which have one cohesive terminus generated by the anchoring enzyme and a portion that is covalently modified with a first member of the specific binding pair; f) capturing the digestion products of step e) by contacting the digestion products with a solid support having an attached second member of the, specific binding pair; g) incubating the solid support and captured digestion products of step f) with a molar excess of a duplex linker having a type IIS restriction enzyme recognition sequence and one cohesive terminus compatible pith termini generated by the anchoring enzyme of step e), under conditions appropriate for ligating one duplex linker to the cohesive termini of the captured digestion products, thereby ligating a recognition sequence for a type ITS restriction enzyme to the captured digestion products; h) incubating the ligation product of step g) with the type IIS restriction enzyme, under conditions appropriate for substantially complete digestion thereby releasing the duplex linkers, each having an appended signature tag; i) recovering the released duplex linkers and appended signature tags; j) incubating the recovered linkers and tags of step i) with a molar excess of an amplification adapter, the amplification adapter having one terminus compatible with the termini of the appended signature tags, the incubation being carried out under conditions appropriate for ligating one amplification adapter to each appended signature tag; k) recovering the ligation products of step j); l) determining the nucleotide sequence of a statistically. significant number of appended signaturetags to generate a listing of signature tags; and
,m) relating the listing, of signature tags of step 1) to DNA sequences in databases to determine the variety and relative numbers of organisms originally present in the sample thereby analyzing the organismic complexity of the sample. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification