Method and system of charging multi-cell lithium-based batteries

• US 7,323,847 B2
• Filed: 12/28/2006
• Issued: 01/29/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 11/22/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation (Techtronic Industries Company Limited)
• Original Assignee: Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation (Techtronic Industries Company Limited)
• Inventors: Scheucher, Karl F., Johnson, Todd W., Glasgow, Kevin L., Rosenbecker, Jay J., Meyer, Gary D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso; Edward H
• Application Number:
  US11/617,272
• Publication Number:
  US 20070103109A1
• Time in Patent Office: 397 Days
• Field of Search: 320/106, 320/110, 320/114, 320/115, 320/125, 320/150, 320/157, 320/162, 320/163, 320/164
• US Class Current: 320/110
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4257 Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00036 Charger exchanging data with battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00038 using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors identification by mechanical connections H02J7/0045
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00047 with provisions for charging different types of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0014 Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0019 using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00306 Overdischarge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00309 Overheat or overtemperature protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0031 using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J9/002 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0036 using connection detecting circuits H02J7/0034 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0042 characterised by the mechanical construction
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0045 concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0069 Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0071 with a programmable schedule
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00711 with introduction of pulses during the charging process
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 of the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/04 : Regulation of charging current or voltage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A method and system for battery charging. In some aspects, a battery charger includes a controller and a charging circuit that is operable to charge Lithium-based batteries of varying nominal voltages and/or number of battery cells.

Claims

1. A battery charger operable to charge a first battery and a second battery, the battery charger comprising:

a controller; and

a charging circuit operable to charge the first battery and the second battery,

the first battery having a first plurality of battery cells, each cell in the first plurality having a Lithium-based chemistry, the first battery having a first nominal voltage in a nominal voltage range, and

the second battery having a second plurality of battery cells, the total number of cells in the first plurality being different than the total number of cells in the second plurality, each cell in the second plurality having a Lithium-based chemistry, the second battery having a second nominal voltage, the second nominal voltage being different than the first nominal voltage and being outside of the nominal voltage range.

2. The battery charger of claim 1, wherein the controller is operable to identify the value of an identification component in the first battery, the value representing one of the first nominal voltage and the nominal voltage range.

3. The battery charger of claim 2, wherein the controller is further operable to select a battery characteristic threshold for a charging function when the controller identifies the value of the identification component.

4. The battery charger of claim 1, wherein the controller is operable to identify the value of a chemistry identification component in the first battery, the value representing the Lithium-based chemistry of the first battery.

5. The battery charger of claim 1, further comprising at least one terminal, the controller being operable to identify the total number of Lithium-based battery cells of the first plurality when the first battery is electrically connected to the at least one terminal and to identify the total number of Lithium-based battery cells of the second plurality when the second battery is electrically connected to the at least one terminal.

6. The battery charger of claim 5, wherein the charging circuit is operable to charge the first battery based at least in part on the total number of Lithium-based battery cells of the first plurality when the first battery is electrically connected to the at least one terminal and to charge the second battery based at least in part on the total number of Lithium-based battery cells of the second plurality when the second battery is electrically connected to the at least one terminal.

7. The battery charger of claim 6, wherein the controller is further operable to determine the first battery nominal voltage of the first battery based at least in part on the total number of Lithium-based battery cells of the first plurality.

8. The battery charger of claim 7, wherein the controller is further operable to determine the second battery nominal voltage of the second battery based at least in part on the total number of Lithium-based battery cells of the second plurality.

9. A battery charger operable to charge a first battery and a second battery, the battery charger comprising:

a controller; and

a charging circuit operable to charge the first battery and the second battery,

the first battery having a first plurality of battery cells, each cell in the first plurality having a Lithium-based chemistry, the first battery having a first nominal voltage in a nominal voltage range, and

the second battery having a second plurality of battery cells, each cell in the second plurality having a Lithium-based chemistry, the second battery having a second nominal voltage, the second nominal voltage being different than the first nominal voltage and being outside of the nominal voltage range.

10. The battery charger of claim 9, wherein the first battery includes a first Lithium-based battery cell having a state of charge, the controller is operable to identify the state of charge of the first Lithium-based battery cell, and the charging circuit is further operable to charge the first battery based at least in part on the state of charge of the first Lithium-based battery cell.

11. A battery charger operable to charge a first battery and a second battery, the battery charger comprising:

a controller; and

a charging circuit operable to charge the first battery and the second battery via pulse charging,

the first battery having a first plurality of battery cells, each cell in the first plurality having a Lithium-based chemistry, and

the second battery having a second plurality of battery cells, each cell in the second plurality having one of a Nickel-Cadmium chemistry and a Nickel-Metal-Hydride chemistry.

12. The battery charger of claim 11, wherein the charging circuit is further operable to charge a third battery having the other of a Nickel-Cadmium chemistry and a Nickel-Metal-Hydride chemistry.

13. The battery charger of claim 11, wherein the controller is operable to identify the Lithium-based chemistry of the first battery.

14. The battery charger of claim 11, wherein the controller is operable to control the charging circuit to supply charging current by a first charging algorithm to the first battery and by a second charging algorithm to the second battery, the first charging algorithm being different than the second charging algorithm.

15. A battery charger operable to charge a first power tool battery and a second power tool battery, the battery charger comprising:

a controller; and

a charging circuit operable to provide charging current to the first power tool battery in a pulse mode,

the charging circuit further operable to provide charging current to the second power tool battery,

the first power tool battery having a Lithium-based chemistry, and

the second power tool battery having a chemistry other than a Lithium-based chemistry.

16. The battery charger of claim 15, wherein the charging circuit includes the controller.

17. The battery charger of claim 15, wherein the chemistry of the second battery is Nickel-Cadmium.

18. The battery charger of claim 15, wherein the chemistry of the second battery is Nickel-Metal-Hydride.

19. The battery charger of claim 15, wherein one of the first power tool battery and the second power tool battery is configured to provide power to a hand-held power tool.