Three-dimensional image generating apparatus, storage medium storing a three-dimensional image generating program, and three-dimensional image generating method

• US 7,327,361 B2
• Filed: 04/15/2005
• Issued: 02/05/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 04/26/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nintendo Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Nintendo Company Limited
• Inventors: Shimamura, Takayuki, Dohta, Takuhiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Zimmerman; Mark
• Assistant Examiner(s): TSENG, GENE K
• Application Number:
  US11/106,538
• Publication Number:
  US 20050237323A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,026 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 345/422
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/10 Control of the course of the game, e.g. start, progess, end
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/45 Controlling the progress of the video game
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/5258 by dynamically adapting the position of the virtual camera to keep a game object or game character in its viewing frustum, e.g. for tracking a character or a ball
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/6653 for altering the visibility of an object, e.g. preventing the occlusion of an object, partially hiding an object
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/6684 by dynamically adapting its position to keep a game object in its viewing frustrum, e.g. for tracking a character or a ball
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/10 Geometric effects
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/00 Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics

Abstract

A video game apparatus used as a three-dimensional imaging apparatus includes a CPU. The CPU works together with a GPU to generate and display a game image. More specifically, some objects are arranged in a virtual three-dimensional space. The virtual three-dimensional space is converted into a viewpoint coordinate and then projected and converted. After the projection conversion, determination points are set corresponding to a specific object, and the degree to which the specific object is hidden is calculated on the basis of a Z value of the specific object and the Z values of the determination points. At least one aspect of the display may be changed according to the degree to which the specific object is hidden.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional image generating apparatus which generates a three-dimensional image according to an operator'"'"'s operation input, comprising:

operation input detecting programmed logic circuitry which detects the operator'"'"'s operation input;

object data storage which stores object data for rendering objects forming a three-dimensional image;

virtual three-dimensional space generating programmed logic circuitry which generates a virtual three-dimensional space based on the operation input detected by said operation input detecting programmed logic circuitry and the object data stored in said object data storage;

viewpoint controlling programmed logic circuitry which controls a viewpoint within the virtual three-dimensional space generated by said virtual three-dimensional space generating programmed logic circuitry;

display image generating programmed logic circuitry which generates an image of said virtual three-dimensional space seen from the viewpoint controlled by said viewpoint controlling programmed logic circuitry, which is projected within said three-dimensional space;

depth value storage which stores a depth value of each pixel of the image generated by said display image generating programmed logic circuitry;

object arrangement position storage which stores at least an arrangement position of a specific object in said virtual three-dimensional space;

determination point setting programmed logic circuitry which sets a predetermined number of determination points around a predetermined perimeter containing the arrangement position of said specific object in said image;

determining programmed logic circuitry which determines whether or not a first depth value of the predetermined number of determination points set by said determination point setting programmed logic circuitry is smaller than a second depth value of said specific object; and

a degree-of-hiding calculator which calculates a degree of hiding of said specific object according to the number of said determination points where it is determined by said determining programmed logic circuitry that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value.

2. A three-dimensional image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

said determination point setting programmed logic circuitry sets said determination points on the circumference of a circle, said circumference defining the predetermined perimeter, adjacent to and embracing the specific object projected in said three-dimensional space.

3. A three-dimensional image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

said degree-of-hiding calculator calculates a proportion of the number of said determination points where it is determined by said determining programmed logic circuitry that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value, with respect to the total number of said determination points;

and

said viewpoint controlling programmed logic circuitry moves said viewpoint to another location according to the proportion calculated by said degree-of-hiding calculator.

4. A three-dimensional image generating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein

said viewpoint controlling programmed logic circuitry repeats the movement of said viewpoint until the proportion calculated by said degree-of-hiding calculator becomes smaller than a predetermined value.

5. A three-dimensional image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

said degree-of-hiding calculator calculates a proportion of the number of said determination points where it is determined by said determining programmed logic circuitry that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value, with respect to the total number of said determination points, further comprising:

parameter changing programmed logic circuitry which changes a parameter related to display of said specific object according to the proportion calculated by said degree-of-hiding calculator.

6. A three-dimensional image generating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein

said specific object includes a light source;

and

said parameter changing programmed logic circuitry changes at least the brightness of said light source.

7. A storage medium storing a three-dimensional image generating program for a three-dimensional image generating apparatus, comprising:

operation input detecting programmed logic circuitry which detects an operator'"'"'s operation input;

object data storage which stores object data for rendering objects forming a three-dimensional image;

display image generating programmed logic circuitry which generates an image of a virtual three-dimensional space seen from a viewpoint; and

depth value storage which stores a depth value of each pixel of said image generated by said display image generating programmed logic circuitry, wherein

said three-dimensional image generating program causes a processor of said three-dimensional image generating apparatus to execute;

a virtual three-dimensional space generating step of generating said virtual three-dimensional space based on the operation input detected by said operation input detecting programmed logic circuitry and the object data stored in said object data storage;

a viewpoint controlling step of controlling a viewpoint within the virtual three-dimensional space generated in said virtual three-dimensional space generating step;

a display image generating step of generating said image of said virtual three-dimensional space seen from the viewpoint controlled in said viewpoint controlling step;

an object arrangement position storing step of storing at least an arrangement position of a specific object in said virtual three-dimensional space;

a determination point setting step of setting a predetermined number of determination points around a predetermined perimeter containing the arrangement position of said specific object of said image;

a determining step of determining whether or not a first depth value of the predetermined number of determination points set in said determination point setting step is smaller than a second depth value of said specific object; and

a degree-of-hiding calculating step of calculating a degree of hiding of said specific object according to the number of said determination points where it is determined by said determining step that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value.

8. A storage medium storing a three-dimensional image generating program according to claim 7, wherein

in said determination point setting step, in case where said specific object is projected within said virtual three-dimensional space, said determination points are set on the circumference of a circle, said circumference defining the predetermined perimeter, adjacent to and embracing said specific object projected within said three-dimensional space.

9. A storage medium storing a three-dimensional image generating program according to claim 7, wherein

in said degree-of-hiding calculating step, a proportion of the number of said determination points, where it is determined in said determining step that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value, is calculated with respect to the total number of said determination points;

and

in said viewpoint controlling step, said viewpoint is moved to another location according to the proportion calculated in said degree-of-hiding calculating step.

10. A storage medium storing a three-dimensional image generating program according to claim 9, wherein

in said viewpoint controlling step, the movement of said viewpoint is repeated until the proportion calculated in said degree-of-hiding calculating step becomes smaller than a predetermined value.

11. A storage medium storing a three-dimensional image generating program according to claim 7, wherein

in said degree-of-hiding calculating step, a proportion of the number of said determination points where it is determined in said determining step that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value, is calculated with respect to the total number of said determination points, and further causing the processor to execute:

a parameter changing step of changing a parameter related to display of said specific object according to the proportion calculated in said degree-of-hiding calculating step.

12. A storage medium storing a three-dimensional image generating program according to claim 11, wherein

said specific object includes a light source;

and

in said parameter changing step, at least the brightness of said light source is changed.

13. A three-dimensional image generating method for a three-dimensional image generating apparatus comprising operation input detecting programmed logic circuitry which detects an operator'"'"'s operation input;

object data storage which stores object data for rendering objects forming a three-dimensional image; and

depth value storage which stores a depth value of each pixel of said image, including the steps of;

(a) generating a virtual three-dimensional space based on the operation input detected by the operation input detecting programmed logic circuitry and the object data stored in the object data storage;

(b) controlling a viewpoint within the virtual three-dimensional space generated in said step (a);

(c) generating an image of said virtual three-dimensional space seen from the viewpoint controlled in said step (b);

(d) storing at least an arrangement position of a specific object in said virtual three-dimensional space;

(e) setting a predetermined number of determination points around a predetermined perimeter containing the arrangement position of said specific object in said image;

(f) determining whether or not a first depth value of the predetermined number of determination points set in said step (e) is smaller than a second depth value of said specific object; and

(g) calculating the degree of hiding of said specific object according to the number of said determination points where it is determined in said step (f) that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value.

14. A three-dimensional image generating method according to claim 13, wherein

in step (e), if said specific object is projected within said virtual three-dimensional space, said determination points are set on the circumference of a circle, said circumference defining the predetermined perimeter, adjacent to and embracing the specific object projected within said virtual three-dimensional space.

15. A three-dimensional image generating method according to claim 13, wherein

a proportion of the number of said determination points, for which it is determined in said step (f) that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value is calculated in step (g), with respect to the total number of said determination points;

and

said viewpoint in step (b) is moved to another location according to the proportion calculated in step (g).

16. A three-dimensional image generating method according to claim 15, wherein

the movement of said viewpoint in said step (b) is repeated until the proportion calculated in said step (g) becomes smaller than a predetermined value.

17. A three-dimensional image generating method according to claim 13, wherein

a proportion of the number of said determination points, for which it is determined in said step (f) that said first depth value is smaller than said second depth value, is calculated in said step (g), with respect to the total number of said determination points, and further causes the processor to execute:

a step (h) of changing a parameter related to display of said specific object according to the proportion calculated in said step (g).

18. A three-dimensional image generating method according to claim 17, wherein

said specific object includes a light source;

and

at least the brightness of said light source is changed in said step (h).

19. A method of adjusting a game display comprising the steps of:

generating a display of a game object in a virtual environment including at least one additional virtual object different from the game object;

defining a plurality of determination points associated with the game object, arranged along the perimeter of a shape approximately centered on the game object and having sufficient area so as to substantially contain the game object therein;

associating a depth value with the game object;

associating a depth value with each visible pixel;

associating a depth value, based on the depth value associated with the visible pixel which is present at the position of the determination point, with each of the determination points,

determining whether a user view of each determination point is blocked by at least one interposing additional virtual object by comparing the depth value associated with each determination point to the depth value associated with the game object; and

adjusting the display responsive at least in part to the number of determination points that are blocked.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein the adjusting step includes adjusting a virtual camera angle such that a user view of at least a predefined number of determination points is no longer obstructed by at least one interposing virtual object.

21. The method of claim 19 wherein the game object has a brightness characteristic associated therewith, and the adjusting steps further includes adjusting the brightness characteristic responsive at least in part to the number of determination points that are blocked.

22. The method of claim 19 wherein the shape is a circle.