Method and apparatus for controlling a combined heat and power fuel cell system
First Claim
1. A method of operating a fuel cell system, comprising:
- providing a fuel flow and an oxidant flow to a fuel cell stack to produce electricity;
providing the electricity to an electrical load;
transferring heat from the fuel cell stack to a heat sink by circulating a first coolant through a first coolant circuit, wherein the first coolant circuit is adapted to remove heat from the fuel cell stack and is further adapted to transfer heat to the heat sink;
measuring a thermal parameter of the heat sink;
generating a heat demand signal when the thermal parameter of the heat sink is below a predetermined level; and
shorting at least one fuel cell in the fuel cell stack in response to the heat demand signal.
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Abstract
A cogeneration fuel cell system and associated methods of operation are provided that accommodate a demand for heat as well as a demand for electric power. The system is operated among various modes to balance heat and power demand signals. In general, a fuel cell system is coupled to a power sink and a heat sink, and a controller is adapted to respond to data signals from the power sink and the heat sink. As examples, such data signals from the heat sink may include a temperature indication or a heat demand signal (such as from a thermostat), and such data signals from the power sink may include a voltage or current measurement, an electrical power demand signal, or an electrical load.
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Citations
10 Claims
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1. A method of operating a fuel cell system, comprising:
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providing a fuel flow and an oxidant flow to a fuel cell stack to produce electricity; providing the electricity to an electrical load; transferring heat from the fuel cell stack to a heat sink by circulating a first coolant through a first coolant circuit, wherein the first coolant circuit is adapted to remove heat from the fuel cell stack and is further adapted to transfer heat to the heat sink; measuring a thermal parameter of the heat sink; generating a heat demand signal when the thermal parameter of the heat sink is below a predetermined level; and shorting at least one fuel cell in the fuel cell stack in response to the heat demand signal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. A method comprising:
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providing a reactant flow to a fuel cell stack to produce electricity; selectively shorting at least one fuel cell of the fuel cell stack to increase a thermal output from the fuel cell stack; transferring heat from the fuel cell stack to a heat sink; measuring a thermal parameter of the heat sink; and generating a heat demand signal to control shorting of said at least one fuel cell stack in response to the thermal parameter of the heat sink. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7)
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8. A method comprising:
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providing a reactant flow to a fuel cell stack to produce electricity; and based on a thermal parameter of a heat sink that is thermally coupled to the fuel cell stack, selectively shorting at least one fuel cell of the fuel cell stack. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10)
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Specification