Equalisation apparatus and methods
First Claim
1. A soft-in-soft-out (SISO) equaliser for use in a receiver of a communications system employing a plurality of transmit antennas, the equaliser comprising:
- at least one received signal input for inputting a received signal;
a plurality of likelihood value inputs, one for each transmit antenna, for inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values from a SISO decoder;
a processor configured to determine from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas;
an expected signal determiner coupled to said processor to determine an expected received signal value using said mean values;
a subtractor coupled to said received signal input to subtract said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal;
a filter coupled to said subtractor to filter said compensated signal to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna;
a filter coefficient determiner coupled to said processor to determine coefficients of said filter using said covariance values; and
an output stage coupled to said filter to output a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, for input to said SISO decoder.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
The invention relates to apparatus, methods and computer program code for equalisation. A soft-in-soft-out (SISO) equaliser for use in a receiver for receiving data from a transmitter configured to transmit data from a plurality of transmit antennas simultaneously is described. The equaliser comprises at least one received signal input for inputting a received signal; a plurality of likelihood value inputs, one for each transmit antenna, for inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values from a SISO decoder; a processor configured to determine from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas; an expected signal determiner coupled to said processor to determine an expected received signal value using said mean values; a subtractor coupled to said received signal input to subtract said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal; a filter coupled to said subtractor to filter said compensated signal to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna; a filter coefficient determiner coupled to said processor to determine coefficients of said filter using said covariance values; and an output stage coupled to said filter to output a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, for input to said SISO decoder.
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Citations
36 Claims
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1. A soft-in-soft-out (SISO) equaliser for use in a receiver of a communications system employing a plurality of transmit antennas, the equaliser comprising:
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at least one received signal input for inputting a received signal; a plurality of likelihood value inputs, one for each transmit antenna, for inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values from a SISO decoder; a processor configured to determine from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas; an expected signal determiner coupled to said processor to determine an expected received signal value using said mean values; a subtractor coupled to said received signal input to subtract said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal; a filter coupled to said subtractor to filter said compensated signal to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna; a filter coefficient determiner coupled to said processor to determine coefficients of said filter using said covariance values; and an output stage coupled to said filter to output a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, for input to said SISO decoder. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A receiver incorporating a soft-in-soft-out (SISO) equaliser for use in a receiver of a communications system employing a plurality of transmit antennas, the equaliser comprising:
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at least one received signal input for inputting a received signal; a plurality of likelihood value inputs, one for each transmit antenna, for inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values from a SISO decoder; a processor configured to determine from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas; an expected signal determiner coupled to said processor to determine an expected received signal value using said mean values; a subtractor coupled to said received signal input to subtract said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal; a filter coupled to said subtractor to filter said compensated signal to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna; a filter coefficient determiner coupled to said processor to determine coefficients of said filter using said covariance values; and an output stage coupled to said filter to output a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, for input to said SISO decoder.
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11. A method of equalising received data in a communications system employing a receiver with at least one receive antenna and a transmitter with a plurality of transmit antennas, the method comprising:
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inputting at least one received signal from said at least one receive antenna; inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values, one for each transmit antenna, from a SISO decoder; determining from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas; determining an expected received signal value using said mean values; subtracting said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal; determining coefficients for a filter using said covariance values; filtering said compensated signal in accordance with said coefficients to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna; and outputting a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, derived from said estimated transmitted signal values, for input to said SISO decoder. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A method of turbo equalisation comprising iteratively equalising data by the method comprising:
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inputting at least one received signal from said at least one receive antenna; inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values, one for each transmit antenna, from a SISO decoder; determining from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas; determining an expected received signal value using said mean values; subtracting said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal; determining coefficients for a filter using said covariance values; filtering said compensated signal in accordance with said coefficients to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna; outputting a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, derived from said estimated transmitted signal values, for input to said SISO decoder; and decoding said transmitted signal likelihood values from said equalising to provide decoded signal likelihood values for said equalising.
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22. A method of equalising data in a receiver of a communications system with a plurality nI of transmit antennas the method comprising:
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inputting a received signal vector Zn comprising a block of received signal data at an index n; inputting from a SISO decoder a set of bit likelihood values L(cn,ji), i=1 to nI, j=1 to m where cn,ji, denotes a portion of an m-bit codeword symbol at an index n; determining expectation E(xni) and covariance cov(xni,xni) values for estimated transmitted signal values xni using the values L(cn,ji) where xni denotes an estimated value of a signal transmitted from a transmit antenna i at an index n; determining an updated estimated transmitted signal value {circumflex over (x)}ni at index n for each transmit antenna i using {circumflex over (x)}ni=Knifni H [Zn−
(E(Zn)−
eiE(xni))] where E(Zn)=HE(Xn) and H is a channel impulse response matrix and E(Xn) is an expectation value of an estimated transmitted signal vector Xn at index n derived from values E(xni), where ei is the ith column of a matrix S and S=H[0nI ×
(N2+L−
1)nI InI ×
nI 0nI ×
N1nI ]H where matrix Ii×
i is an i×
i identity matrix and 0i×
j is a matrix in which each element is substantially zero, fni is the ith column of a filter matrix Fn and Fn is derived from cov(xn,xn), and where Kni is a scalar filter gain; andoutputting equalised likelihood values Le(cn,ji) derived from values {circumflex over (x)}ni. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. Processor control code to, when running, implement a method of equalising received data in a communications system employing a receiver with at least one receive antenna and a transmitter with a plurality of transmit antennas, the method comprising:
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inputting at least one received signal from said at least one receive antenna; inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values, one for each transmit antenna, from a SISO decoder; determining from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas; determining an expected received signal value using said mean values; subtracting said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal; determining coefficients for a filter using said covariance values; filtering said compensated signal in accordance with said coefficients to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna; and outputting a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, derived from said estimated transmitted signal values, for input to said SISO decoder. - View Dependent Claims (30)
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31. An equaliser configured to operate in accordance with a method of equalising received data in a communications system employing a receiver with at least one receive antenna and a transmitter with a plurality of transmit antennas, the method comprising:
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inputting at least one received signal from said at least one receive antenna; inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values, one for each transmit antenna, from a SISO decoder; determining from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas; determining an expected received signal value using said mean values; subtracting said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal; determining coefficients for a filter using said covariance values; filtering said compensated signal in accordance with said coefficients to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna; and outputting a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, derived from said estimated transmitted signal values, for input to said SISO decoder.
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32. A data communications receiver including an equaliser configured to operate in accordance with a method of equalising received data in a communications system employing a receiver with at least one receive antenna and a transmitter with a plurality of transmit antennas, the method comprising:
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inputting at least one received signal from said at least one receive antenna; inputting a plurality of decoded signal likelihood values, one for each transmit antenna, from a SISO decoder; determining from said plurality of signal likelihood values an estimated mean and covariance value for a signal from each of said transmit antennas; determining an expected received signal value using said mean values; subtracting said expected received signal value from said received signal to provide a compensated signal; determining coefficients for a filter using said covariance values; filtering said compensated signal in accordance with said coefficients to provide a plurality of estimated transmitted signal values, one for each said transmit antenna; and outputting a plurality of transmitted signal likelihood values, one for each said transmit antenna, derived from said estimated transmitted signal values, for input to said SISO decoder.
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33. Processor control code to, when running, implement a method of equalising data in a receiver of a communications system with a plurality n, of transmit antennas the method comprising:
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inputting a received signal vector Zn comprising a block of received signal data at an index n; inputting from a SISO decoder a set of bit likelihood values L(cn,ji), i=1 to nI, j=1 to m where cn,ji, denotes a portion of an m-bit codeword symbol at an index n; determining expectation E(xni) and covariance cov(xni,xni) values for estimated transmitted signal values xni using the values L(cn,ji) where xni denotes an estimated value of a signal transmitted from a transmit antenna i at an index n; determining an updated estimated transmitted signal value {circumflex over (x)}ni at index n for each transmit antenna i using {circumflex over (x)}ni=Knifni H [Zn−
(E(Zn)−
eiE(xn i))] where E(Zn)=HE(Xn) and H is a channel impulse response matrix and E(Xn) is an expectation value of an estimated transmitted signal vector Xn at index n derived from values E(xni), where ei is the ith column of a matrix S and S=H[0nI ×
(N2+L−
1)nI InI ×
mI 0nI ×
N1nI ]H where matrix Ii×
i is an i×
i identity matrix and 0i×
j is a matrix in which each element is substantially zero, fni is the ith column of a filter matrix Fn and Fn is derived from cov(xn,xn), and where Kni is a scalar filter gain; andoutputting equalised likelihood values Le(Cn,ji) derived from values {circumflex over (x)}ni. - View Dependent Claims (34)
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35. An equaliser configured to operate in accordance with a method of equalising data in a receiver of a communications system with a plurality nI of transmit antennas the method comprising:
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inputting a received signal vector Zn comprising a block of received signal data at an index n; inputting from a SISO decoder a set of bit likelihood values L(cn,ji), i=1 to nI, j=1 to m where cn,ji, denotes a portion of an m-bit codeword symbol at an index n; determining expectation E(xni) and covariance cov(xni,xni) values for estimated transmitted signal values xni using the values L(cn,ji) where xni denotes an estimated value of a signal transmitted from a transmit antenna i at an index n; determining an updated estimated transmitted signal value {circumflex over (x)}ni at index n for each transmit antenna i using {circumflex over (x)}ni=Knifni H [Zn−
(E(Zn)−
eiE(xni ))] where E(Zn)=HE(Xn) and H is a channel impulse response matrix and E(Xn) is an expectation value of an estimated transmitted signal vector Xn at index n derived from values E(xni) where ei is the ith column of a matrix S and S=H[0nI ×
(N2+L−
1)nI InI ×
nI 0nI ×
N1nI ]H where matrix Ii×
i is an i×
i identity matrix and 0i×
j is a matrix in which each element is substantially zero, fni is the ith column of a filter matrix Fn and Fn is derived from cov(xn, xn), and where Kni is a scalar filter gain; andoutputting equalised likelihood values Le(cn,ji ) derived from values {circumflex over (x)}ni.
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36. A data communications receiver including an equaliser configured to operate in accordance with a method of equalising data in a receiver of a communications system with a plurality nI of transmit antennas the method comprising:
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inputting a received signal vector Zn comprising a block of received signal data at an index n; inputting from a SISO decoder a set of bit likelihood values L(cn,ji), i=1 to nI, j=1 to m where cn,ji denotes a portion of an m-bit codeword symbol at an index n; determining expectation E(xni) and covariance cov(xni,xni) values for estimated transmitted signal values xni using the values L(cn,ji), where xni denotes an estimated value of a signal transmitted from a transmit antenna i at an index n; determining an updated estimated transmitted signal value {circumflex over (x)}ni at index n for each transmit antenna i using {circumflex over (x)}ni=Knifni H [Zn−
(E(Zn)−
eiE(xni ))] where E(Zn)=HE(Xn) and H is a channel impulse response matrix and E(Xn) is an expectation value of an estimated transmitted signal vector Xn at index n derived from values E(xni), where ei is the ith column of a matrix S and S=H[0nI ×
(N2+L−
1)nI InI ×
nI 0nI ×
N1nI ]H where matrix Ii×
i is an i×
i identity matrix and 0i×
j is a matrix in which each element is substantially zero, fni is the ith column of a filter matrix Fn and Fn is derived from cov(xn,xn), and where Kni is a scalar filter gain; andoutputting equalised likelihood values Le(cn,ji) derived from values {circumflex over (x)}ni.
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Specification