Microfluidic device with thin-film electronic devices

• US 7,338,637 B2
• Filed: 01/31/2003
• Issued: 03/04/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 01/31/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Ghozeil, Adam L, Childers, Winthrop D., Tyvoll, David, Sexton, Douglas A., Crivelli, Paul, Dunfield, John Stephen, Pease, Grant
• Primary Examiner(s): Sines; Brian
• Application Number:
  US10/355,397
• Publication Number:
  US 20040151629A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,859 Days
• Field of Search: 295/921, 295/92, 73/10.1, 73/10.2, 422/50, 422/58, 422/63, 422/68.1, 422/81, 422/82.01, 422/82.02, 422/100, 422/101, 422/102, 436/43, 436/63, 436/149, 436/180
• US Class Current: 422/68.1
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/10 Integrating sample preparation and analysis in single entity, e.g. lab-on-a-chip concept
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/147 Employing temperature sensors
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/024 Storing results with means integrated into the container
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0816 Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0874 Three dimensional network
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/1827 using resistive heater
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/1883 using thermal insulation
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0415 electrical forces, e.g. electrokinetic
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5027 by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip B01L3/5023 takes precedence; micromixers B01F33/30; microreactors for synthesis B01J19/0093; microcapillary devices in general B81B1/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502715 characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 7/525 with physical movement of samples between temperature zones
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/11 Automated chemical analysis
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/2575 Volumetric liquid transfer

Abstract

A microfluidic device for analysis of a sample. The microfluidic device includes a substrate portion that at least partially defines a chamber for receiving the sample. The substrate portion includes a substrate having a surface. The substrate portion also includes a plurality of thin-film layers formed on the substrate adjacent the surface. The thin-film layers form a plurality of electronic devices. Each of at least two of the electronic devices is formed by a different set of the thin-film layers. The at least two electronic devices may include 1) a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of fluid in the chamber, and 2) an other electronic device configured to sense or modify a property of fluid in the chamber.

Claims

1. A microfluidic device for analysis of a sample, comprising:

a substrate portion partially defining a chamber for receiving the sample, the substrate portion including

a substrate having opposing surfaces, and

a plurality of thin-film layers formed on the substrate above and adjacent the same opposing surface, the thin-film layers forming a plurality of electronic devices, each of at least two of the electronic devices being formed by a different subset of the plurality of thin-film layers, the at least two electronic devices including

     1) a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of fluid in the chamber, and

     2) an other electronic device configured to sense or modify a property of fluid in the chamber; and

a fluid barrier connected to the substrate portion to form a wall that seals the chamber against local exit of fluid out of the microfluidic device from the chamber through the wall.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the other electronic device is selected from the group consisting of an electrode, a sensor, a transducer, an optical-based device, an acoustic-based device, an electric field-based device, and a magnetic field-based device.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the other electronic device Includes a plurality of electronic devices, each device of such plurality being configured to modify or sense a property of fluid in a region of the chamber, the temperature control device being configured to control the temperature of fluid in the region.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the temperature control device includes plural electronic devices disposed to independently control the temperature of different regions of the chamber.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the temperature control device includes a thin-film resistor heater and a temperature sensor.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the thin-film resistor heater and the temperature sensor are different devices.

7. A microfluidic device for analysis of a sample, comprising:

a substrate portion partially defining a compartment for holding fluid, the substrate portion including

a substrate having opposing surfaces and defining a line that is generally normal to the opposing surfaces, and

a plurality of thin-film electronic devices formed on the substrate above and adjacent the same opposing surface, each of the electronic devices being configured to sense or modify a property of fluid in the compartment, at least two of the electronic devices being intersected by the line; and

a fluid barrier connected to the substrate portion to form a wall that seals the compartment against local exit of fluid out of the microfluidic device from the compartment through the wall.

8. The device of claim 7, at least one of the at least two electronic devices being an electrode.

9. The device of claim 7, at least one of the at least two electronic devices being a thin-film resistor heater.

10. The device of claim 7, at least one of the at least two electronic devices being a temperature sensor.

11. The device of claim 10, the temperature sensor including a thermocouple.

12. The device of claim 7, the at least two electronic devices including a distinct heater and temperature sensor.

13. The device of claim 7, the thin-film electronic devices being formed by a plurality of thin-film layers, at least one of the thin-film layers being included in more than one of the at least two electronic devices.

14. The device of claim 13, the at least one thin-film layer forming a heater and a portion of a temperature sensor of the at least two electronic devices.

15. The device of claim 7, the substrate being a semiconductor.

16. The device of claim 7, the property being selected from the group consisting of temperature, flow rate, presence/absence, electric field strength or polarity, distribution of sample in the fluid, amount of sample in the fluid, and mobility of sample in the fluid.

17. A microfluidic device for analysis of a sample, comprising:

a substrate portion partially defining a compartment for holding fluid, the substrate portion including

a substrate having opposing surfaces and defining a line extending generally normal to the opposing surfaces, and

a plurality of thin-film layers formed on the substrate above and adjacent the same opposing surface and defining a pair of electronic devices using a different subset of the plurality of thin-film layers for each device of the pair, each electronic device being operable to sense or modify a property of the sample in the compartment,

wherein the line intersects the pair of electronic devices; and

a fluid barrier connected to the substrate portion to form a wall that seals the compartment against local exit of fluid out of the microfluidic device from the compartment through the wall.

18. The device of claim 17, the electronic devices being selected from an electrode, a sensor, a transducer, an optical-based device, an acoustic-based device, an electric field-based device, and a magnetic field-based device.

19. The device of claim 17, the property being selected from the group consisting of temperature, an optical characteristic, an electrical characteristic, a magnetic characteristic, velocity, amount, concentration, distribution, and mobility.

20. A microfluidic device for analyzing a sample, comprising:

means for introducing the sample to a compartment partially defined by a substrate portion and sealed by a fluid barrier connected to the substrate portion to form a wall that seals the compartment against local exit of fluid out of the microfluidic device from the compartment through the wall; and

means for interacting with the sample in the compartment, such interacting means including at least two electronic devices provided by a plurality of thin-film layers formed on a substrate of the substrate portion, the substrate having opposing surfaces, the thin-film layers being formed above and adjacent the same opposing surface, each of the at least two electronic devices being provided by a different subset of the plurality of thin-film layers.

21. The device of claim 20, wherein the means for introducing includes means for moving fluid mechanically.

22. The device of claim 20, wherein the means for interacting at least senses or modifies a property of the sample.

23. The device of claim 22, the property being selected from the group consisting of temperature, an optical characteristic, an electrical characteristic, a magnetic characteristic, velocity, amount, concentration, distribution, and mobility.

24. The device of claim 20, wherein the same opposing surface defines a line that extends generally normal to the same opposing surface, and wherein the line intersects the at least two electronic devices.

25. A microfluidic device for analysis of a sample, comprising:

a substrate portion partially defining a chamber having a plurality of regions for processing the sample, the substrate portion including

a substrate having a pair of opposing surfaces, and

a plurality of thin-film layers formed on the substrate above and adjacent the same one of the pair of opposing surfaces, the thin-film layers providing a plurality of temperature control devices for controlling the temperature of fluid in the chamber, the control devices including at least one temperature sensor and at least one heater adjacent each region of the chamber, each temperature control device being configured to be independently regulated to provide a different thermal zone for each region of the chamber.

26. The device of claim 25, each temperature control device being included in a closed loop, the closed loop including control electronics configured to receive a temperature set point and a power device configured to energize the temperature control device under control of the control electronics.

27. The device of claim 25, the substrate portion including a thermal insulation layer formed from the substrate, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer for at least two of the thermal zones being different.

28. The device of claim 27, the substrate being at least substantially formed of silicon, the thermal insulation layer including a field oxide formed from the silicon.

29. The device of claim 25, the chamber being a plurality of chambers that are fluidically connected, at least two of the thermal zones being included in distinct chambers of the plurality.