Method, device and magnetic resonance tomography system for monitoring emitted RF energy

• US 7,342,398 B2
• Filed: 08/04/2005
• Issued: 03/11/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Siemens Healthineers AG (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Bielmeier, Wolfgang, Ludwig, Klaus
• Primary Examiner(s): Shrivastav; Brij
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vargas; Dixomara
• Application Number:
  US11/197,008
• Publication Number:
  US 20070024283A1
• Time in Patent Office: 950 Days
• Field of Search: 324300-322, 600410-435
• US Class Current: 324/314
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/288 Provisions within MR facilities for enhancing safety during MR, e.g. reduction of the specific absorption rate [SAR], detection of ferromagnetic objects in the scanner room
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/3607 RF waveform generators, e.g. frequency generators, amplitude-, frequency- or phase modulators or shifters, pulse programmers, digital to analog converters for the RF signal, means for filtering or attenuating of the RF signal
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/543 Control of the operation of the MR system, e.g. setting of acquisition parameters prior to or during MR data acquisition, dynamic shimming, use of one or more scout images for scan plane prescription G01R33/546 takes precedence

Abstract

In a method, device and magnetic resonance tomography system for monitoring a radio-frequency apparatus in which radio-frequency pulses are emitted at temporal intervals and in which measurement values representing the power of the radio-frequency pulses are measured at temporal intervals, the measurement values are used to determine exposure values that represent a physiological effect that the radio-frequency pulses have on a subject exposed to the radio-frequency pulses. Based on a number of exposure values, exposure-monitoring values are respectively formed and the radio-frequency apparatus is limited in function if an exposure-monitoring value reaches or exceeds an exposure limit value.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring radio frequency energy emission by a radio frequency apparatus comprising the steps of:

emitting radio frequency pulses from a radio frequency apparatus respectively at temporal intervals, each radio frequency pulse having a radio frequency power and an effective factor associated therewith;

for each of said radio frequency pulses, obtaining a measurement value representing the radio frequency power of the respective radio frequency pulse at temporal intervals, by determining an exposure value for each radio frequency pulse by multiplying the measurement value for that radio frequency pulse by the effective factor for that radio frequency pulse;

for each of said radio frequency pulses, electronically calculating an exposure value from said measurement value, representing a physiological effect of that radio frequency pulse on a subject exposed to that radio frequency pulse;

electronically calculating an exposure-monitoring value based on a plurality of said exposure values; and

limiting functioning of said radio frequency apparatus if said exposure-monitoring value equals or exceeds an exposure limit value.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the step of emitting said radio frequency pulses comprises emitting said radio frequency pulses respectively via a plurality of different transmission paths, and wherein the step of obtaining said measurement value comprises obtaining respective measurement values for said respective radio frequency pulses in the respective transmission paths, and wherein the step of electronically determining exposure values comprises, for each radio frequency pulse, determining an exposure value for that radio frequency pulse representing an effect of that radio frequency pulse on a subject exposed to that radio frequency pulse in the respective transmission path in which that radio frequency pulse was emitted, and wherein the step of electronically determining said exposure-monitoring value comprises combining the respective exposure values for the respective radio frequency pulses in the respective radio frequency paths.

3. A method as claimed in claim 2 wherein each radio frequency pulse in the transmission path in which that radio frequency pulse was emitted has an effective factor, and wherein the step of electronically determining said exposure values comprises, for each radio frequency pulse, multiplying the effective factor thereof by the measurement value obtained in the transmission path in which that radio frequency pulse was emitted.

4. A method as claimed in claim 3 wherein each radio frequency pulse is emitted at a frequency, and comprising electronically determining the effective factor for each radio frequency pulse dependent on the frequency thereof.

5. A method as claimed in claim 3 comprising emitting said radio frequency pulses respectively from different transmission coils of said radio frequency apparatus, each transmission coil having a position and a geometry associated therewith, and comprising, for each radio frequency pulse, electronically determining the effective factor dependent on at least one of the position and the geometry of the transmission coil from which that radio frequency pulse was emitted.

6. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising predetermining a time window, and wherein the step of electronically calculating said exposure-monitoring value comprises adding a plurality of said exposure values occurring in the predetermined time window.

7. A method as claimed in claim 6 comprising respectively weighting said exposure values with an interval length between two successive ones of said measurement values.

8. A method as claimed in claim 6 comprising obtaining said measurement values in a time range, and successively shifting said time window in said time range.

9. A radio frequency apparatus comprising:

an RF transmission arrangement comprising a plurality of transmission coils that emit a plurality of radio frequency pulses respectively at temporal intervals via respectively different transmission paths to a subject, each of said radio frequency pulses having a radio frequency power;

a power measurement arrangement that obtains a plurality of measurement values respective representing the power of each of the radio frequency pulses at respective temporal intervals; and

a radio frequency monitoring device supplied with said measurement values, said radio frequency monitoring device comprising a processor that electronically calculates, for each of said radio frequency pulses, an exposure value from said measurement value dependent on the respectively different transmission paths to the subject, said exposure value representing a physiological effect of that radio frequency pulse on the subject exposed to that radio frequency pulse, and that calculates an exposure-monitoring value from said plurality of exposure values, and that limits operation of said transmission arrangement if said exposure-monitoring value equals or exceeds an exposure limit value.

10. A radio frequency monitoring device comprising:

a processor having an input to which a plurality of measurement values,

respectively representing measured power of respective radio frequency pulses at temporal intervals, are supplied, said radio frequency pulses having been transmitted via respectively different transmission paths to a subject;

said processor calculating, for each of said radio frequency pulses, an exposure value from said measurement value, dependent on the transmission path for that radio frequency pulse, respectively representing a physiological effect of that radio frequency pulse on the subject exposed to that radio frequency pulse, and said processor calculating an exposure-monitoring value from said plurality of exposure values, and generating a monitoring signal if said exposure-monitoring value equals or exceeds an exposure limit value; and

said processor having an output from which said monitoring signal is emitted.

11. A magnetic resonance tomography system comprising:

a magnetic resonance scanner configured to interact with a patient to obtain magnetic resonance data therefrom, said magnetic resonance scanner comprising a radio frequency device that emits radio frequency energy into the subject;

said radio frequency device comprising an RF transmission arrangement comprising a plurality of transmission coils that emits a plurality of radio frequency pulses via respectively different transmission paths to the subject respectively at temporal intervals, each of said radio frequency pulses having a radio frequency power, a power measurement arrangement that obtains, for each of said plurality, a measurement value representing the power of the radio frequency pulse at respective temporal intervals, and a radio frequency monitoring device supplied with said measurement values, said radio frequency monitoring device comprising a processor that electronically calculates, for each of said radio frequency pulses, an exposure value from said measurement value, dependent on the transmission path for that radio frequency pulse, representing a physiological effect of that radio frequency pulse on the subject exposed to that radio frequency pulse, and that calculates an exposure-monitoring value from said plurality of exposure values, and that limits operation of said transmission arrangement if said exposure-monitoring value equals or exceeds an exposure limit value; and

an image reconstruction computer supplied with said magnetic resonance data that reconstructs an image of a slice of the subject from said magnetic resonance data.