Multiple cavity low-emissivity coatings

• US 7,342,716 B2
• Filed: 04/05/2006
• Issued: 03/11/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 10/11/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardinal CG Company (Cardinal Glass Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Cardinal CG Company (Cardinal Glass Industries Incorporated)
• Inventors: Hartig, Klaus
• Primary Examiner(s): Allen; Stephone B.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chapel; Derek S.
• Application Number:
  US11/398,345
• Publication Number:
  US 20070081228A1
• Time in Patent Office: 706 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 359/360
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/36 at least one coating being a metal
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3613 Coatings of type glass/inorganic compound/metal/inorganic compound/metal/other
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3626 one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3639 Multilayers containing at least two functional metal layers
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3642 the multilayer coating containing a metal layer
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3644 the metal being silver
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3652 the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/366 Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3681 the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/211 SnO2
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/216 ZnO
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/78 Coatings specially designed to be durable, e.g. scratch-resistant
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2218/153 by plasma-enhanced cvd
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2218/154 by sputtering
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2218/156 by magnetron sputtering
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 14/086 of zinc, germanium, cadmium, indium, tin, thallium or bismuth
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 14/185 by cathodic sputtering
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 14/35 by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering C23C14/3457 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 14/568 Transferring the substrates through a series of coating stations C23C14/562 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E06B 2009/2417 Light path control; means to control reflection
• CPC Class Codes: E06B 3/6715 : specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light E06B3/66323 takes precedence; coating of glass pains C03C17/00; devices or arrangements for controlling the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light G02F1/00
• CPC Class Codes: E06B 9/24 : Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blindsoperating, guiding or securing devices or arrangements for roll-type closures E06B9/56; free-hanging flexible screens A47H23/00
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/208 : for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/26 : Reflecting filters G02B5/28 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 80/22 : Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24612 : Composite web or sheet
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24942 : including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2495 : Thickness [relative or absolute]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24975 : No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31504 : Composite [nonstructural laminate]

Abstract

Multiple cavity low-emissivity coatings. The coating includes three infrared-reflection film regions, which may each include silver.

Claims

1. A transparent substrate having two generally opposed major surfaces, wherein a multiple cavity low-emissivity coating is provided on a desired one of the major surfaces, the coating comprising, in sequence from said desired major surface outward:

a) a first transparent dielectric film region;

b) a first infrared-reflection film region;

c) a second transparent dielectric film region;

d) a second infrared-reflection film region;

e) a third transparent dielectric film region;

f) a third infrared-reflection film region;

g) a fourth transparent dielectric film region;

wherein the transparent substrate is part of a multiple-pane insulating glazing unit that includes a second pane, wherein the insulating glazing unit has at least one between-pane space, said desired major surface being exposed to a between-pane space of the insulating glazing unit, wherein the coating has a metal/dielectric ratio of at least 0.22 and yet the insulating glazing unit has a visible transmittance of 0.65 or more, the metal/dielectric ratio being defined as the combined thickness of the first, second, and third infrared-reflection film regions divided by the combined thickness of the first, second, third, and fourth transparent dielectric film regions, the coating having a primary dielectric-region ratio of less than 0.75, the primary dielectric-region ratio being defined as the thickness of the first transparent dielectric film region divided by the thickness of the fourth transparent dielectric film region.

2. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the metal/dielectric ratio is at least 0.25.

3. The transparent substrate of claim 2 wherein the metal/dielectric ratio is at least at least 0.27.

4. The transparent substrate of claim 1 where the three infrared-reflection film regions have a combined thickness of greater than 470 angstroms.

5. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the visible transmittance is 0.66 or more.

6. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the-multiple-pane insulating glazing unit has an exterior reflected color characterized by an a_h color coordinate of between about +1.5 and about −

2 and a b_h color coordinate of between about 0 and about −

3.

7. The transparent substrate of claim 1 wherein the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit has a solar heat gain coefficient of less than 0.29.

8. The transparent substrate of claim 7 wherein the solar heat gain coefficient is less than 0.28.

9. The transparent substrate of claim 8 wherein the solar heat gain coefficient is 0.27 or less.

10. The transparent substrate of claim 7 wherein the insulating glazing unit has an exterior reflected color characterized by an a_h color coordinate of between about +1.5 and about −

2 and a b_h color coordinate of between about 0 and about −

3.

11. The transparent substrate of claim 10 wherein the solar heat gain coefficient is 0.27 or less.

12. A transparent substrate having two generally opposed major surfaces, wherein a multiple cavity low-emissivity coating is provided on a desired one of the major surfaces, the coating comprising, in sequence from said desired major surface outward:

a) a first transparent dielectric film region;

b) a first infrared-reflection film region;

c) a second transparent dielectric film region;

d) a second infrared-reflection film region;

e) a third transparent dielectric film region;

f) a third infrared-reflection film region;

g) a fourth transparent dielectric film region;

wherein the coating has a metal/dielectric ratio of at least 0.25, the metal/dielectric ratio being defined as the combined thickness of the first, second, and third infrared-reflection film regions divided by the combined thickness of the first, second, third, and fourth transparent dielectric film regions, wherein the transparent substrate is part of a multiple-pane insulating glazing unit that includes a second pane, wherein the insulating glazing unit has at least one between-pane space, said desired major surface being exposed to a between-pane space of the insulating glazing unit, the insulating glazing unit having an exterior reflected color characterized by an a_h color coordinate of between about +1.5 and about −

2 and a b_h color coordinate of between about 0 and about −

3, wherein the second infrared-reflection film region is thicker than the first infrared-reflection film region by at least 30 angstroms, and wherein between the first infrared-reflection film region and said major surface of the substrate there is a desired total thickness of transparent dielectric film having a refractive index of 1.7 or greater, said desired total thickness being less than 195 angstroms, wherein the three infrared-reflection film regions have a combined thickness of greater than 470 angstroms, and wherein the insulating glazing unit has a visible transmittance of 0.65 or more.

13. The transparent substrate of claim 12 wherein the visible transmittance is 0.66 or more.

14. The transparent substrate of claim 12 wherein the exterior reflected color of the insulating glazing unit is characterized by an a_h color coordinate of between about +1 and about −

1 and a b_h color coordinate of between about −

0.5 and about −

2.5.

15. The transparent substrate of claim 12 wherein the combined thickness of the three infrared-reflection film regions is greater than 485 angstroms.

16. A transparent substrate having two generally opposed major surfaces, wherein a multiple cavity low-emissivity coating is provided on a desired one of the major surfaces, the coating comprising, in sequence from said desired major surface outward:

a) a first transparent dielectric film region;

b) a first infrared-reflection film region;

c) a second transparent dielectric film region;

d) a second infrared-reflection film region;

e) a third transparent dielectric film region;

f) a third infrared-reflection film region;

g) a fourth transparent dielectric film region;

wherein the coating has a metal/dielectric ratio of at least 0.25, the metal/dielectric ratio being defined as the combined thickness of the first, second, and third infrared-reflection film regions divided by the combined thickness of the first, second, third, and fourth transparent dielectric film regions, wherein the transparent substrate is part of a multiple-pane insulating glazing unit that includes a second pane, wherein the insulating glazing unit has at least one between-pane space, said desired major surface being exposed to a between-pane space of the insulating glazing unit, wherein the coating has a sheet resistance of less than 1.4 ohms/square and yet the insulating glazing unit has a visible transmittance of 0.65 or more, wherein the second infrared-reflection film region is thicker than the first infrared-reflection film region by at least 30 angstroms, and wherein between the first infrared-reflection film region and said major surface of the substrate there is a desired total thickness of transparent dielectric film having a refractive index of 1.7 or greater, said desired total thickness being less than 195 angstroms.

17. The transparent substrate of claim 16 wherein the three infrared-reflection film regions have a combined thickness of greater than 470 angstroms, the third infrared-reflection film region has a thickness that is greater than a thickness of the second infrared-reflection film region, and the second infrared-reflection film region has a thickness that is greater than a thickness of the first infrared-reflection film region.

18. The transparent substrate of claim 17 wherein the combined thickness of the three infrared-reflection film regions is greater than 485 angstroms.

19. The transparent substrate of claim 18 wherein the visible transmittance is 0.66 or more.

20. The transparent substrate of claim 18 wherein the insulating glazing unit has an exterior reflected color characterized by an a_h color coordinate of between about +1.5 and about −

2 and a b_h color coordinate of between about 0 and about −

3.

21. The transparent substrate of claim 16 wherein the coating has a base/outer ratio of greater than about 0.45, the base/outer ratio being defined as a combined thickness of the first and fourth transparent dielectric film regions divided by a combined thickness of the second and third transparent dielectric film regions.

22. The transparent substrate of claim 21 wherein the base/outer ratio is greater than about 0.475.