System and method of monitoring e-service Quality of Service at a transaction level

• US 7,349,340 B2
• Filed: 06/18/2003
• Issued: 03/25/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 06/18/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP (Hewlett-Packard Enterprise Company)
• Original Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Ouyang, Jinsong, Machiraju, Vijay, Sahai, Akhil
• Primary Examiner(s): Ngo; Ricky Q.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gandhi; Ankit P
• Application Number:
  US10/464,593
• Publication Number:
  US 20040257985A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,742 Days
• Field of Search: 370/229, 370/230, 370/230.1, 370/231, 370/234, 370/235, 709/228, 709/250, 709/232, 709/201, 709/200, 709/224, 705/1, 705/80
• US Class Current: 370/235
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/142 using statistical or mathematical methods
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5025 by proactively reacting to service quality change, e.g. by reconfiguration after service quality degradation or upgrade
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/125 by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/29 using a combination of thresholds

Abstract

Quality of Service (QoS) management in a service-based system may be provided by adaptively adjusting system operational parameters in response to real time relationships between QoS specifications and measurements. A QoS manager may include a measurement engine configured to acquire real time data that is specific to transaction instances of various transaction types. The manager also may include a controller for comparing transaction data from the measurement engine to the guaranteed QoS standards. Depending upon the results of the comparison, the controller may invoke control actions.

Claims

1. A processor-based Quality of Service (QoS) management system for identifying and at least partially remedying degradation with respect to satisfaction of predefined QoS standards comprising:

a measurement engine configured to acquire data specific to transaction instances of transaction types during executions of a plurality of services via a plurality of application nodes of a service-based system, said services being defined by different sets of transaction types, said measurement engine being enabled to generate transaction data indicative of individual measures relating to processing for particular said transaction instances and indicative of aggregate measures relating to processing for a plurality of said transaction instances, said individual measures including data specific to finished said particular transaction instances, said aggregate measures including data specific to counts of occurrences of specific said transaction types on a basis of time; and

a controller in communication with said measurement engine, said controller being enabled to compare said transaction data from said measurement engine to said predefined QoS standards and to adaptively adjust operational parameters of said service-based system in response to current relationships between said transaction data and said predefined QoS standards, said controller being configured to provide adaptive adjustments of said operational parameters in response to detections of said degradation with respect to satisfaction of said redefined QoS standards.

2. The QoS management system of claim 1 wherein said measurement engine is connected to each of said application nodes to access transaction level information for each of a plurality of independent electronic services (e-services), said application nodes being application servers of a Web portal site to which said QoS management system is dedicated.

3. The QoS management system of claim 1 wherein said measurement engine and said controller are cooperative to be responsive to a preselected prioritization of said transaction types, such that said adaptive adjusting of operational parameters is partially based on said preselected prioritization.

4. The QoS management system of claim 3 wherein said measurement engine and said controller are further cooperative to be responsive to a defined prioritization of said services, such that said adaptive adjusting is further based on said defined prioritization.

5. The QoS management system of claim 1 wherein said measurement engine and said controller are implemented in software of a QoS management layer of a portal which provides e-services via the World Wide Web (WWW).

6. The QoS management system of claim 1 wherein, as a response to said detections of degradations said controller is enabled to implement control actions that include a plurality of:

(1) dynamically varying load distribution among said application nodes with respect to processing said transaction instances of said transaction types;

(2) increasing a pool of said application nodes which are currently hosting selected said services, where said increasing is a conditioned response to determining that an overload threshold has been reached in hosting said selected services; and

(3) intentionally degrading performances of executions of low priority transaction types as a conditioned response to determining that an overload threshold has been reached with respect to available resources.

7. The QoS management system of claim 1 wherein said measurement engine and controller are cooperative to identity and at least partially remedy degradation with respect to each of:

(1) performance of said transaction instances, including response times for executing said transaction instances of specific said transaction types at various said application nodes;

(2) availability of resources to execute said transaction instances of particular said transaction types; and

(3) reliability in successfully executing finished said transaction instances of different specific said transaction types.

8. The QoS management system of claim 1 wherein said measurement engine is configured to monitor and generate separate said transaction data for different transaction types that include “

login,”

“

search,”

“

add to cart,” and

“

buy”

transactions.

9. A method of providing management for a service-based system comprising:

employing a plurality of operationally independent application nodes to execute different electronic services (e-services), each said e-service being associated with a set of transactions and being executed by processing instances of said transactions;

identifying processing of said instances at said application nodes while said instances are executing on a basis of a specification of QoS agreements between said different e-services and said service-based system;

measuring transaction level metrics in real time executions of said e-services, said transaction level metrics being specific to processing of said instances at said application nodes on said basis of said specification of QoS agreements;

generating transaction level data from said measuring such that is said transaction level data is indicative of Quality of Service (QoS) for each said e-service and for each said application node during a measurement interval;

comparing said transaction level data to said specification of said QoS agreements of said e-services; and

adaptively adjusting operational parameters for said plurality of application nodes in response to detecting predefined conditions of said transaction level data during said comparing.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein said comparing includes distinguishing said QoS for individual said e-services, wherein said QoS for an individual said e-service is determined using the QoS agreement associated with said individual e-service and using a portion of said transaction level data identified as being related to said individual e-service.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said portion of said transaction level data to be used in determining said QoS of said individual e-service is identified by associating each said instance of said transactions with one of said e-services being accessed in implementing said instance.

12. The method of claim 10 further comprising negotiating said QoS agreements with service providers in configuring said service-based system.

13. The method of claim 9 further comprising prioritizing said transactions and utilizing said prioritizing while adaptively adjusting said operational parameters, such that said instances of higher priority transactions are preferentially processed in managing QoS within said service-based system.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising prioritizing said e-services and utilizing said prioritizing while adaptively adjusting said operational parameters, such that said instances of higher priority e-services are preferentially processed in managing QoS within said service-based system.

15. The method of claim 9 wherein said adaptive adjusting includes implementing control actions in response to detections of degradation of QoS such that said QoS agreements are not satisfied, said control actions including a plurality of:

(1) dynamically varying load distribution among said application nodes in response to detecting an overload condition with respect to processing said instances within at least one said application node;

(2) increasing a pool of said application nodes that are currently hosting a particular said service in response to detecting that said QoS of said particular service is below a specific QoS level; and

(3) intentionally degrading performances of executions of low priority said transactions in response to detecting a processing overload condition with respect to available resources.

16. The method of claim 9 wherein said step of generating said transaction level data includes monitoring metrics indicative of each of:

(1) performances in processing said instances, including response times;

(2) current availability of resources with respect to processing said instances of transactions for specific said e-services; and

(3) reliability in successfully processing finished said instances for individual said e-services.

17. A service-based portal comprising:

a source of Internet connectivity;

a plurality of application servers commonly accessible via said Internet connectivity, said application servers having stored electronic services (e-services) defined by transaction types, such that executions of transaction instances of said transaction types implement said e-services, said transaction instances being executed by said application servers in response to requests received via said Internet connectivity and in accordance with QoS agreements of individual said e-services; and

a quality of service manager connected between said source of Internet connectivity and said application servers to monitor and control quality of service for each said e-service, said manager including;

(1) a measurement monitor enabled to determine execution metrics for said transaction types of each said e-service, said execution metrics including measures of transaction durations and counts of transaction failures, and

(2) a controller enabled to enforce adaptive control actions in response to determinations by said manager that said execution metrics indicate that said transaction instances for at least one said e-service are currently executing at a level below a preferred quality of service, said measurement monitor and controller being cooperative with said application servers to provide real time determinations of executions of specific said transaction instances at specific said application servers.

18. The portal of claim 17 wherein said application servers are located at a common site and wherein said manager has access to QoS agreements for each said e-service, each said QoS agreement being indicative of said predefined quality of service for a specific said e-service.

19. The portal of claim 17 wherein said manager is enabled to:

(1) collect management information regarding transaction types for said transaction instances executed at individual said application servers;

(2) collect management information regarding processing of each said transaction instance executed at individual said application servers; and

(3) collect management information indicative of each instance of executing each said e-service, such that said manager monitors and identifies activity at said application servers at a transaction level and an e-service level.

20. The portal of claim 19 wherein said controller is configured to be responsive to a prioritization at said transaction level and a prioritization at said e-service level.

21. A Quality of Service (QoS) management system comprising:

measuring means operatively associated with a service-based system that provides a plurality of services in which each said service is defined by a plurality of transaction types, said measuring means being configured to acquire data specific to transaction instances of each said transaction type, said measuring means further being configured to generate transaction data indicative of individual measurements related to processing particular said transaction instances and indicative of aggregate measurements relating to processing for a plurality of said transaction instances, said individual measurements including data specific to finished said particular transaction instances, said aggregate measurements including data specific to counts of occurrences of specific said transaction types on a basis of time; and

controller means cooperative with said measuring means for comparing said transaction data to predefined QoS standards and for adaptively adjusting operational parameters of said service-based system in response to current relationships between said transaction data and said predefined QoS standards, said controller being configured to provide adaptive adjustments of said operational parameters in response to detections of degradations with respect to satisfaction of said predefined QoS standards.

22. The QoS management system of claim 21 wherein said measuring means is coupled to a plurality of application nodes of said service-based system in order to acquire said transaction data, each said application node being programmed to execute more than one of said services.

23. The QoS management system of claim 22 wherein said controller means is configured to activate and deactivate each said application node with respect to executing particular said services, said activating and deactivating being based on said current relationships between said transaction data and said predefined QoS standards.