Fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth in a TCP network environment

• US 7,349,977 B2
• Filed: 12/17/2004
• Issued: 03/25/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 08/09/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Brown, Thomas B., Klemets, Anders E., del Val, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Etienne; Ario
• Assistant Examiner(s): EL CHANTI, HUSSEIN A
• Application Number:
  US11/015,982
• Publication Number:
  US 20050108420A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,194 Days
• Field of Search: 709231-237, 709/223, 709/228, 709/238
• US Class Current: 709/235
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0896 Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities flow or congestion control using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation, H04L47/76
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0852 Delays
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/087 Jitter
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0888 Throughput
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/16 Threshold monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/50 Testing arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/193 at the transport layer, e.g. TCP related
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/26 using explicit feedback to the source, e.g. choke packets
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/28 in relation to timing considerations
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/65 Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/80 Responding to QoS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/16 Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/163 In-band adaptation of TCP data exchange; In-band control procedures

Abstract

The fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth in a TCP network environment utilizes a single pair of packets to calculate bandwidth between two entities on a network (such as the Internet). This calculation is based upon the packet-pair technique. This bandwidth measurement is extremely quick. On its journey across a network, communication devices may delay the packet pairs. In particular, TCP networks have two algorithms designed to delay some packets with the goal of increasing the overall throughput of the network. However, these algorithms effectively delay a packet pair designed to measure bandwidth. Therefore, they distort the measurement. These algorithms are Nagle and Slow Start. The fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth implements countermeasures to overcome the delays imposed by these algorithms. Such countermeasures include disabling the application of the Nagle Algorithm; minimizing the buffering of packets by sending a “push” packet right after the packet pair; and avoiding the Slow Start Algorithm by priming it with a dummy packet.

Claims

1. A method for facilitating communication of packets between entities on a network through a communication device, the method comprising:

sending a delay-disable command from a sending entity to disable a Nagle algorithm on the communication device;

sending a pair of bandwidth measurement packets back-to-back from the sending entity to a receiving entity, wherein the sending of the pair of bandwidth measurement packets is performed at an application layer of a computer in accordance with an OSI model, and wherein disabling the Nagle algorithm prevents combining the pair of bandwidth measurement packets in one packet by the communication device; and

measuring bandwidth at the application layer based on the sending of the pair of bandwidth measurement packets.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the pair of bandwidth measurement packets consists of a first bandwidth-measurement packet and a second bandwidth-measurement packet, wherein the second packet is sent immediately after the first packet.

3. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the network is TCP.

4. A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed perform acts comprising:

sending a delay-disable command from a sending entity to a receiving entity through a communication device to disable a Nagle algorithm on the communication device;

sending a pair of bandwidth measurement packets back-to-back from the sending entity to the receiving entity, wherein the sending of the pair of bandwidth measurement packets is performed at an application layer of a computer in accordance with an OSI model, and wherein disabling the Nagle algorithm prevents combining the pair of bandwidth measurement packets in one packet by the communication device; and

measuring bandwidth at the application layer based on the sending of the pair of bandwidth measurement packets.

5. A method for facilitating bandwidth measurement between two entities through a communication device on a network, the method comprising:

sending a delay-disable command from a sending entity to disable a Nagle algorithm on the communication device;

sending a pair of bandwidth-measurement packets from the sending entity to a receiving entity, wherein disabling the Nagle algorithm prevents combining the pair of bandwidth measurement packets in one packet by the communication device;

receiving a bandwidth calculation based upon measurements related to just the pair of bandwidth-measurement packets and not based upon measurements using any other packets, wherein the bandwidth calculation is performed at an application layer in accordance with an OSI model.

6. An apparatus comprising:

a processor;

a transmission-delay avoider operating at an application layer in accordance with an OSI model and executable on the processor to perform acts including;

sending a delay-disable command from a sending entity to a receiving entity through a communication device to disable a Nagle algorithm on the communication device;

sending a pair of bandwidth measurement packets back-to-back from the sending entity to the receiving entity, wherein disabling the Nagle algorithm prevents combining the pair of bandwidth measurement packets in one packet by the communication device; and

a bandwidth meter operating at the application layer and executable on the processor to perform acts including calculating bandwidth based on said delay-disable command and said pair of bandwidth measurement packets.

7. A program module stored on a computer storage medium that, when executed perform the acts comprising:

sending a delay-disable command from a sending entity to a receiving entity through a communication device to disable a Nagle algorithm on the communication device;

sending a pair of bandwidth measurement packets back-to-back from the sending entity to the receiving entity, wherein the sending of the pair of bandwidth measurement packets is performed at an application layer of a computer in accordance with an OSI model, and wherein disabling the Nagle algorithm prevents combining the pair of bandwidth measurement packets in one packet by the communication device; and

measuring bandwidth at the application layer based on the sending of the pair of bandwidth measurement packets.