Methods and compositions for directed microwave chemistry
First Claim
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1. A method for accelerating a chemical reaction of a reactant in an aqueous or organic solution proximal to a surface, said method comprising;
- (a) contacting said reactant with a composite, said composite comprising a solid material susceptible to microwave heating and a specific binding molecule for the reactant, said contacting being conducted under conditions sufficient to allow said reactant to bind to said specific binding molecule of said composite via a biospecific interaction wherein said specific binding molecule is thermally proximal to said solid material to thereby provide the reactant thermally proximal to the solid material upon binding, and(b) applying an electromagnetic field of a wavelength of between 1 cm and 100 m to said composite, resulting in direct microwave heating of said solid material without substantially heating said aqueous or organic solution wherein said heated solid material heats said thermally proximal reactant,wherein said chemical reaction is accelerated by said heating of said reactant.
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Abstract
The present invention concerns a novel means by which specific chosen reactions can be accelerated through the use of a new type of artificial enzyme. The invention allows specific reactions to occur at an accelerated rate, even in the presence of other non-chosen molecules, which may be very similar in structure to the chosen reactant. The reactions may be stoichiometric or catalytic.
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Citations
48 Claims
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1. A method for accelerating a chemical reaction of a reactant in an aqueous or organic solution proximal to a surface, said method comprising;
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(a) contacting said reactant with a composite, said composite comprising a solid material susceptible to microwave heating and a specific binding molecule for the reactant, said contacting being conducted under conditions sufficient to allow said reactant to bind to said specific binding molecule of said composite via a biospecific interaction wherein said specific binding molecule is thermally proximal to said solid material to thereby provide the reactant thermally proximal to the solid material upon binding, and (b) applying an electromagnetic field of a wavelength of between 1 cm and 100 m to said composite, resulting in direct microwave heating of said solid material without substantially heating said aqueous or organic solution wherein said heated solid material heats said thermally proximal reactant, wherein said chemical reaction is accelerated by said heating of said reactant. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A method for accelerating a chemical reaction of a reactant in an aqueous or organic solution, said method comprising;
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(a) contacting said reactant with a composite, said composite comprising a solid material susceptible to microwave heating, wherein said solid material is an alumina compound selected from the group consisting of alumina-magnetite, aluminum-epoxy composite and calcium aluminate, and a specific binding molecule for the reactant, said contacting being conducted under conditions sufficient to allow said reactant to bind to said specific binding molecule of said composite via a biospecific interaction, and (b) applying an electromagnetic field of a wavelength of between 1 cm and 100 m to said composite, resulting in direct microwave heating of said solid material without substantially heating said aqueous or organic solution, and heating of said reactant, wherein said chemical reaction is accelerated by said heating of said reactant.
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24. A method for accelerating a chemical reaction of a reactant in an aqueous or organic solution, said method comprising;
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(a) contacting said reactant with a composite, said composite comprising a solid material susceptible to microwave heating, wherein said solid material is a mixture of a conductive material and an insulator, wherein said conducting material is Nb, TaC, SiC, MoSi2, Cu, or Fe, and said insulator is ZrO2, Y2O3, or Al2O3, and a specific binding molecule for the reactant, said contacting being conducted under conditions sufficient to allow said reactant to bind to said specific binding molecule of said composite via a biospecific interaction, and (b) applying an electromagnetic field of a wavelength of between 1 cm and 100 into said composite resulting in direct microwave heating of said solid material without substantially heating said aqueous or organic solution , and heating of said reactant, wherein said chemical reaction is accelerated by said heating of said reactant.
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25. A method for accelerating a chemical reaction of a reactant in an aqueous or organic solution proximal to a surface, said method comprising:
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(a) contacting a reactant-containing solution with a composite, said composite comprising a specific binding molecule for the reactant and a solid material susceptible to microwave heating, said contacting being under conditions sufficient to allow said reactant to bind to said specific binding molecule of said composite via a biospecific interaction, thereby forming a composite-reactant complex, wherein said composite-reactant complex is thermally proximal to said solid material, (b) separating said composite-reactant complex from the solution, and (c) applying an electromagnetic field of a wavelength of between 1 cm and 100 m to said composite of said composite-reactant complex, resulting in direct microwave heating of the solid material of said complex, without substantially heating said aqueous or organic solution whereby said heated solid material heats said reactant of said thermally proximal composite-reactant complex, wherein said chemical reaction is accelerated by said heating of said reactant of said composite-reactant complex. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46)
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47. A method for accelerating a chemical reaction of a reactant in an aqueous or organic solution, said method comprising:
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(a) contacting a reactant-containing solution with a composite, said composite comprising a specific binding molecule for the reactant and a solid material susceptible to microwave heating, wherein said solid material is an alumina compound selected from the group consisting of alumina-magnetite, aluminum-epoxy composite and calcium aluminate, said contacting being under conditions sufficient to allow said reactant to bind to said specific binding molecule of said composite via a biospecific interaction, thereby forming a composite-reactant complex, (b) separating said composite-reactant complex from the solution, and (c) applying an electromagnetic field of a wavelength of between 1 cm and 100 m to said composite of said composite-reactant complex, resulting in direct microwave heating of the solid material of said complex without substantially heating said aqueous or organic solution, and heating of said reactant of said composite-reactant complex, wherein said chemical reaction is accelerated by said heating of said reactant of said composite-reactant complex.
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48. A method for accelerating a chemical reaction of a reactant in an aqueous or organic solution, said method comprising:
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(a) contacting a reactant-containing solution with a composite, said composite comprising a specific binding molecule for the reactant and a solid material susceptible to microwave heating, wherein said solid material is a mixture of a conductive material and an insulator, wherein said conducting material is Nb, TaC, SiC, MoSi2, Cu, or Fe, and said insulator is ZrO2, Y2O3, or Al2O3, contacting being under conditions sufficient to allow said reactant to bind to said specific binding molecule of said composite via a biospecific interaction, thereby forming a composite-reactant complex, (b) separating said composite-reactant complex from the solution, and (c) applying an electromagnetic field of a wavelength of between 1 cm and 100 m to said composite of said composite-reactant complex, resulting in direct microwave heating of the solid material of said complex without substantially heating said aqueous or organic solution, and heating of said reactant of said composite-reactant complex, wherein said chemical reaction is accelerated by said heating of said reactant of said composite-reactant complex.
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Specification