File server for long term data archive

• US 7,353,242 B2
• Filed: 07/09/2004
• Issued: 04/01/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 07/09/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Kodama, Shoji
• Primary Examiner(s): Rones; Charles
• Assistant Examiner(s): Adams; Charles D
• Application Number:
  US10/886,646
• Publication Number:
  US 20060010177A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,362 Days
• Field of Search: 709/1, 709/212, 709/229, 707/8, 707/104.9, 707/200, 707/104, 707203-205, 714/11, 711/114, 711/112, 365/189.05
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/125 characterised by the use of retention policies retention policies for HSM systems G06F16/185
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/1827 Management specifically adapted to NAS management of storage area networks [SAN] G06F3/067
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99953 Recoverability
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99955 Archiving or backup

Abstract

A NAS system including a NAS controller which processes file level input/output requests and controls the NAS system, and a storage apparatus having a controller which controls a storage device upon which plural volumes for storing data are represented. In the invention when at least a portion of data of a file stored on a volume is updated, the updated data is stored to an unused area of the volume, information is stored on the volume indicating that the updated data corresponding to original data stored in an original area is stored in the unused area so that subsequent accesses to the original of the updated data is directed to the updated data stored in the unused area, and the original of the updated data is retained in the original area, thereby implementing long term data archiving of the original of the updated data.

Claims

1. A Network Attached Storage (NAS) system for implementing long term data archiving comprising:

a NAS controller which processes file level input/output (I/O) requests and controls said NAS system; and

a storage apparatus having a controller and multiple disk drives, controlled by said controller and configured in a RAID (redundant array of independent disks) configuration having multiple volumes for storing data and providing RAID protection for said volumes, said volumes including at least one cache volume allocated on said disk drives in said RAID configuration and one or more data volumes allocated on said disk drives in said RAID configuration;

wherein an original inode is provided for a file stored on a first data volume of said data volumes,

wherein when the file is opened and at least a portion of data of the file stored on the first data volume is updated to create updated data, the updated data is stored to said cache volume, and a modified mode is created representing a status of the updated data as being stored in the cache volume,

wherein when said file is requested to be closed, the updated data is stored in a sequential manner to an unused area of said first data volume and the modified mode is stored on said first data volume and updated to indicate that the undated data corresponding to original data stored in an original area is stored in said unused area so that a subsequent access to the original data is directed to the updated data stored in said unused area to access an undated version of said file,

wherein the original data is retained in said original area, and the original mode is retained, thereby implementing long term data archiving of the original data so that the original file is accessible,

wherein a list of inodes is stored at the end of said first data volume.

wherein the list of inodes includes said original inode, said modified inode, and the locations of the original inode and modified inode in the first data volume,

wherein said NAS system receives said file level I/O requests from servers through a network connected between said servers and said NAS system,

wherein each of said servers executes application programs and includes a Common Interface File System (CIFS) or a Network File System (NFS) sitting under a Virtual File System (VFS) layer of an operating system of each server, providing the application programs file level access to said NAS system via said network,

wherein said NAS controller comprises;

a NFS/CIFS server for processing NFS or CIFS file I/O requests; and

a Sequential Write File System (SWFS), sitting under a VFS layer of an operating system of said NAS controller, managing files requested by file I/O requests that have been processed by said NFS/CIFS server,

wherein said SWFS, upon receipt of a file I/O request processed by said NFS/CIFS server, determines whether said file I/O request is one of a FILE_OPEN request, wherein a specified file is opened, a FILE_CLOSE request, wherein a specified file is closed, a FILE_READ request, wherein data is read from a specified file, a FILE_WRITE request wherein data is written to a specified file, a FILE_DELETE request, wherein a specified file is deleted, a FILE_CREATE request, wherein a file is created, a CHANGE_ATTRIBUE request, wherein basic information in an inode of a specified file is changed, a SET_RETENTION request, wherein a retention period is set to a specified file system, and a SHOW_OLD_VERSION request, wherein older versions of a specified file are provided,

wherein when said file I/O request is a FILE_CLOSE request, said SWFS allocates a sufficient number of un-used disk blocks in the first data volume to store the updated data located in the cache volume to the first data volume, said SWFS copies the updated data stored in the cache volume and pointed to by the modified inode to the allocated disk blocks in the first data volume, modifies data allocation information of the modified inode so that the modified inode points to the un-used disk blocks in the first data volume, allocates a sufficient number of un-used disk blocks in the first data volume to store the modified inode, and said SWFS writes the modified inode to the allocated disk blocks in the first data volume.

2. The NAS system according to claim 1, wherein following a determination that there is not a sufficient number of un-used disk blocks in the first data volume, the first data volume is protected, a retention period is set, and a new data volume is allocated to which the updated data and the modified inode are stored.

3. The NAS system according to claim 1, wherein said SWFS manages files by:

(a) never overwriting a file stored in a data volume once the file is written to the data volume;

(b) keeping the original file in the data volume and writing a modified version of said file to an unused location in the data volume;

(c) writing data from a first offset of a data volume to a last offset sequentially;

(d) upon the data volume becoming filled with data, write-protecting the data volume and using another data volume to write another data or updated data; and

(e) when a retention period set to a data volume has expired, allowing a user to decide whether to keep or delete files stored in the data volume.

4. The NAS system according to claim 3, wherein according to (d) the data volume is write-protected using a Write Once Read Many (WORM) Application Program Interface (API).

5. The NAS system according to claim 1, wherein each said inode includes basic information about its respective file and data allocation information of the respective file,

wherein said basic information includes at least information identifying the inode, the size of the respective file and a time at which the file was last modified,

wherein said first data volume is divided into a plurality of disk blocks, and wherein said data allocation information includes at least information identifying the disk blocks in the first data volume to which the respective file is stored.

6. The NAS system according to claim 5, wherein the modified inode and the original inode are stored in the first data volume in a manner such that the modified inode is used to access a modified version of the file and the original inode is archived.