Fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth in a TCP network environment

• US 7,353,286 B2
• Filed: 12/17/2004
• Issued: 04/01/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 08/09/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Klemets, Anders E., del Val, David, Brown, Thomas B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Etienne; Ario
• Assistant Examiner(s): EL CHANTI, HUSSEIN A
• Application Number:
  US11/016,392
• Publication Number:
  US 20050100014A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,201 Days
• Field of Search: 709/223, 709/228, 709/232, 709/235, 709/238
• US Class Current: 709/235
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0896 Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities flow or congestion control using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation, H04L47/76
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0852 Delays
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/087 Jitter
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0888 Throughput
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/16 Threshold monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/50 Testing arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/193 at the transport layer, e.g. TCP related
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/26 using explicit feedback to the source, e.g. choke packets
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/28 in relation to timing considerations
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/65 Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/80 Responding to QoS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/16 Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/163 In-band adaptation of TCP data exchange; In-band control procedures

Abstract

The fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth in a TCP network environment utilizes a single pair of packets to calculate bandwidth between two entities on a network (such as the Internet). This calculation is based upon the packet-pair technique. This bandwidth measurement is extremely quick. On its journey across a network, communication devices may delay the packet pairs. In particular, TCP networks have two algorithms designed to delay some packets with the goal of increasing the overall throughput of the network. However, these algorithms effectively delay a packet pair designed to measure bandwidth. Therefore, they distort the measurement. These algorithms are Nagle and Slow Start. The fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth implements countermeasures to overcome the delays imposed by these algorithms. Such countermeasures include disabling the application of the Nagle Algorithm; minimizing the buffering of packets by sending a “push” packet right after the packet pair; and avoiding the Slow Start Algorithm by priming it with a dummy packet.

Claims

1. A method for facilitating communication of packets between a sending entity and a receiving entity through a communication device on a network, the method comprising:

setting, by the sending entity, a congestion window between the sending entity and the receiving entity to at least three packets;

sending at least one “

priming”

packet from the sending entity to avoid a transmission delay caused by a slow start algorithm on the communication device;

receiving an acknowledgement packet at the sending entity;

sending immediately thereafter, two bandwidth measurement packets back to back from the sending entity to the receiving entity to measure bandwidth of a connection between the sending entity and the receiving entity, wherein the priming packet is not used for the bandwidth measurement.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the network is TCP.

3. A method as recited in claim 1 further comprising establishing a TCP connection between the sending entity to the receiving entity, wherein the establishing is just before the sending of the set of packets.

4. A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a computer, performs acts to facilitate communication of packets between a sending entity and a receiving entity through a communication device on a network, the acts comprising:

setting, by the sending entity, a congestion window between the sending entity and the receiving entity to at least three packets;

sending at least one priming packet from the sending entity to avoid a transmission delay caused by a stow start algorithm on the communication device;

receiving an acknowledgement packet at the sending entity;

sending immediately thereafter, two bandwidth measurement rackets back to back from the sending entity to the receiving entity to measure bandwidth of a connection between the sending entity and the receiving entity, wherein the priming racket is not used for the bandwidth measurement.

5. An apparatus comprising:

a sending entity having a processor and a transmission-delay avoider executable on the processor to perform acts to facilitate communication of rackets between the sending entity and a receiving entity through a communication device on a network, the acts comprising;

setting, by the sending entity, a congestion window between the sending entity and the receiving entity to at least three packets;

sending at least one priming packet from the sending entity to avoid a transmission delay caused by a slow start algorithm on the communication device;

receiving an acknowledgement packet at the sending entity;

sending immediately thereafter, two bandwidth measurement packets back to back from the sending entity to the receiving entity to measure bandwidth of a connection between the sending entity and the receiving entity, wherein the priming packet is not used for the bandwidth measurement.