Method and apparatus for supporting real-time collaboration

• US 7,363,587 B2
• Filed: 07/25/2002
• Issued: 04/22/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 02/26/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Palevich, Jack H., Schaeffer, Arnold, Anderson, David R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lo; Weilun
• Assistant Examiner(s): TRAN, MYLINH T
• Application Number:
  US10/205,263
• Publication Number:
  US 20030120690A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,098 Days
• Field of Search: 715751-755, 715/740, 715/741, 715/743, 715/749, 715/750, 715/800, 707/515, 707/530
• US Class Current: 715/740
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/10 Office automation; Time management
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1095 Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodes

Abstract

A collaboration system synchronizes an application or applications running on one or more computer systems. Each of the applications has a local data copy and the applications commence operation by creating consistent local copies from a common third copy. The consistency is maintained by distributing address space independent selections and commands to each application as they are entered at a controlling system. The selections and commands are generated by directly manipulating a presentation of each local data copy. When a selection and command arrive at a destination, the selection is used to find and selection the data and the command is applied to the data located by the selection.

Claims

1. A method for supporting real time collaboration between a first collaborating computer, having a user interface and containing a first local data copy in a first local address space in a memory of the first collaborating computer and connected by a network to a second collaborating computer having a second user interface and containing a second local data copy in a second local address space in a memory of the second collaborating computer, the method comprising:

(a) generating in the first local memory address space in the first collaborating computer, an address space independent selection of the first local data copy, which selection does not directly point at data in the first local data copy;

(b) generating with the user interface, an address space independent command that modifies the selection generated in step (a);

(c) sending the selection and command from the first collaborating computer over the network to the second collaborating computer;

(d) using the selection in the second local memory address space to find and select a data portion from the second local data copy;

(e) applying the command in the second local memory address space to the data portion selected in step (d);

(f) generating in the second local memory address space in the second collaborating computer, a second address space independent selection of the second local data copy, which selection does not directly point at data in the second local data copy;

(g) generating with the second user interface, a second address space independent command that modifies the selection generated in step (f);

(h) sending the second selection and second command from the second collaborating computer over the network to the first collaborating computer;

(i) using the second selection in the first local memory address space to find and select a data portion from the first local data copy; and

(j) applying the second command in the first local memory address space to the data portion selected in step (i).

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

(k) creating a first presentation of at least a portion of the second local data copy; and

(l) modifying the first presentation in response to the application of the command in step (e).

3. The method of claim 2 further comprising:

(m) modifying the first presentation in response to a user interaction at the second computer system.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

(k) creating a presentation of at least a portion of the first local data copy as part of the user interface; and

(l) performing step (b) in response to a direct manipulation of the presentation.

5. The method of claim 4 further comprising:

(m) performing step (a) in response to a direct manipulation of the presentation.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

(k) creating the first local data copy and the second local data copy from a common third data copy.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein step (a) and step (b) are performed by executing a script.

8. Apparatus for supporting real time collaboration between a first collaborating computer, having a user interface and containing a first local data copy in a first local address space in a memory of the first collaborating computer and connected by a network to a second collaborating computer having a second user interface and containing a second local data copy in a second local address space in a memory of the second collaborating computer, the apparatus comprising:

a first selection mechanism that generates in the first local memory address space in the first collaborating computer, an address space independent selection of the first local data copy, which selection does not directly point at data in the first local data copy;

a first command mechanism that generates with the user interface, an address space independent command that modifies the selection generated by the selection mechanism;

a first transport mechanism that sends the selection and command from the first collaborating computer over the network to the second collaborating computer;

a first editing mechanism that uses the selection in the second local memory address space to find and select a data portion from the second local data copy;

a first data change mechanism that applies the command in the second local memory address space to the data portion selected by the editing mechanism;

a second selection mechanism that generates in the second local memory address space in the second collaborating computer, a second address space independent selection of the second local data copy, which selection does not directly point at data in the second local data copy;

a second command mechanism that generates with the user interface, a second address space independent command that modifies the second selection generated by the second selection mechanism;

a second transport mechanism that sends the second selection and second command from the second collaborating computer over the network to the first collaborating computer;

a second editing mechanism that uses the second selection in the first local memory address space to find and select a data portion from the first local data copy; and

a second data change mechanism that applies the second command in the first local memory address space to the data portion selected by the second editing mechanism.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 further comprising:

a first presentation means for creating a first presentation of at least a portion of the second local data copy; and

a first notification mechanism that modifies the first presentation in response to the application of the command by the first data change mechanism.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 further comprising:

a user interface that modifies the first presentation in response to a user interaction at the second computer system.

11. The apparatus of claim 8 further comprising:

a presentation means for creating a presentation of at least a portion of the first local data copy as part of the user interface; and

a first interaction mechanism that controls the first command mechanism in response to a direct manipulation of the presentation.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 further comprising:

a second interaction mechanism that control the first selection mechanism in response to a direct manipulation of the presentation.

13. The apparatus of claim 8 further comprising:

a collaboration initiation mechanism that creates the first local data copy and the second local data copy from a common third data copy.

14. The apparatus of claim 8 further comprising a script execution mechanism that controls the first selection mechanism and the first command mechanism.

15. A method for supporting real time collaboration between a first collaborating computer, having a user interface and containing a first local data copy in a memory of the first collaborating computer and connected by a network to a second collaborating computer having a second user interface and containing a second local data copy, in a memory of the second collaborating computer the method comprising:

(a) generating in the first collaborating computer, a platform independent selection of the first local data copy residing in the memory of the first collaborating computer, which selection does not directly point at data in the first local data copy;

(b) generating with the user interface, a platform independent command that modifies the selection generated in step (a);

(c) sending the selection and command from the first collaborating computer over the network to the second collaborating computer;

(d) using the selection in the second collaborating computer to find and select a data portion from the second local data copy residing in the memory of the second collaborating computer;

(e) applying the command to the data portion selected in step (d);

(f) generating in the second collaborating computer, a second platform independent selection of the second local data copy residing in the memory of the second collaborating computer, which selection does not directly point at data in the second local data copy;

(g) generating with the second user interface, a second platform independent command that modifies the selection generated in step (f);

(h) sending the second selection and second command from the second collaborating computer over the network to the first collaborating computer;

(i) using the second selection in the first collaborating computer to find and select a data portion from the first local data copy residing in the memory of the first collaborating computer; and

(j) applying the second command to the data portion selected in step (i).

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

(k) creating a first presentation of at least a portion of the second local data copy; and

(l) modifying the first presentation in response to the application of the command in step (e).

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising:

(m) modifying the first presentation in response to a user interaction at the second computer system.

18. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

(k) creating a presentation of at least a portion of the first local data copy as part of the user interface; and

(l) performing step (b) in response to a direct manipulation of the presentation.

19. The method of claim 18 further comprising:

(m) performing step (a) in response to a direct manipulation of the presentation.

20. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

(k) creating the first local data copy and the second local data copy from a common third data copy.

21. The method of claim 15 wherein step (a) and step (b) are performed by executing a script.

22. Apparatus for supporting real time collaboration between a first collaborating computer, having a user interface and containing a first local data copy in a memory of the first collaborating computer and connected by a network to a second collaborating computer having a user interface and containing a second local data copy, in a memory of the second collaborating computer, the apparatus comprising:

a first selection mechanism that generates in the first collaborating computer, a platform independent selection of the first local data copy residing in the memory of the first collaborating computer, which selection does not directly point at data in the first local data copy;

a first command mechanism that generates with the user interface, a platform independent command that modifies the selection generated by the selection mechanism;

a first transport mechanism that sends the selection and command from the first collaborating computer over the network to the second collaborating computer;

a first editing mechanism that uses the selection in the second collaborating computer to find and select a data portion from the second local data copy residing in a memory of the second collaborating computer;

a first data change mechanism that applies the command to the data portion selected by the editing mechanism;

a second selection mechanism that generates in the second collaborating computer, a platform independent selection of the second local data copy residing in the memory of the second collaborating computer, which selection does not directly point at data in the second local data copy;

a second command mechanism that generates with the second user interface, a second platform independent command that modifies the selection generated by the second selection mechanism;

a first transport mechanism that sends the second selection and second command from the second collaborating computer over the network to the first collaborating computer;

a second editing mechanism that uses the second selection in the first collaborating computer to find and select a data portion from the first local data copy residing in a memory of the first collaborating computer; and

a second data change mechanism that applies the second command to the data portion selected by the second editing mechanism.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 further comprising:

a first presentation means for creating a first presentation of at least a portion of the second local data copy; and

a first notification mechanism that modifies the first presentation in response to the application of the command by the first data change mechanism.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 further comprising:

a user interface that modifies the first presentation in response to a user interaction at the second computer system.

25. The apparatus of claim 22 further comprising:

a presentation means for creating a presentation of at least a portion of the first local data copy as part of the user interface; and

a first interaction mechanism that controls the first command mechanism in response to a direct manipulation of the presentation.

26. The apparatus of claim 25 further comprising:

a second interaction mechanism that controls the first selection mechanism in response to a direct manipulation of the presentation.

27. The apparatus of claim 22 further comprising:

a collaboration initiation mechanism that creates the first local data copy and the second local data copy from a common third data copy.

28. The apparatus of claim 22 further comprising a script execution mechanism that controls the first selection mechanism and the first command mechanism.