Guided mode resonant filter biosensor using a linear grating surface structure

• US 7,371,562 B2
• Filed: 08/10/2005
• Issued: 05/13/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 10/30/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: X-Body Incorporated (Bristol-Myers Squibb Company)
• Original Assignee: Sru Biosystems Incorporated
• Inventors: Lin, Bo, Li, Peter, Cunningham, Brian T., Pien, Homer, Pepper, Jane, Qiu, Jean
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin; Christopher L.
• Application Number:
  US11/201,237
• Publication Number:
  US 20060040376A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,007 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 435/287.1
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5085 for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/253 for batch operation, i.e. multisample apparatus analytical automats G01N35/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/4788 Diffraction for sizing particles G01N15/0205
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/7743 the reagent-coated grating coupling light in or out of the waveguide
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54373 involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/1809 with pitch less than or comparable to the wavelength
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/808 Optical sensing apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/805 Optical property
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/813 Cancer

Abstract

Methods and compositions are provided for detecting biomolecular interactions. The use of labels is not required and the methods can be performed in a high-throughput manner. The invention also provides optical devices useful as narrow band filters.

Claims

1. A biosensor comprising:

(a) a one-dimensional grating surface structure comprised of a material having a low refractive index;

(b) a high refractive index material layer that is applied on top of the low refractive index one-dimensional grating layer; and

(c) one or more specific binding substances immobilized on a surface of the high refractive index layer opposite of the one-dimensional grating surface structure comprised of a material having a low refractive index;

wherein the one or more specific binding substances are bound to their binding partners and wherein one or more specific binding substances and their binding partners are detection label-free,

wherein, when the biosensor is illuminated a resonant grating effect is produced on a reflected radiation spectrum, and wherein cross-section of the one-dimensional grating is less than the wavelength of the resonant grating effect.

2. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional profile of the one-dimensional grating is triangular, sinusoidal, trapezoidal, rectangular, v-shaped, u-shaped, upside-down u-shaped, upside-down v-shaped, stepped or square.

3. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein a narrow band of optical wavelengths is reflected from the biosensor when the biosensor is illuminated with a broad band of optical wavelengths.

4. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the low refractive index material comprises glass, plastic, polymer, or epoxy.

5. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the high refractive index material is selected from the group consisting of zinc sulfide, titanium dioxide, indium tin oxide, tantalum oxide, and silicon nitride.

6. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the one-dimensional grating has a period of about 0.01 microns to about 1 micron and a depth of about 0.01 microns to about 1 micron.

7. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the one or more specific binding substances are arranged in an array of distinct locations.

8. The biosensor of claim 7, wherein the distinct locations define a microarray spot of about 10-500 microns in diameter.

9. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the one or more specific binding substances are immobilized on the high refractive index material by physical adsorption or by chemical binding.

10. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the one or more specific binding substances are selected from the group consisting of nucleic acids, polypeptides, antigens, polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, single chain antibodies (scFv), F(ab) fragments, F(ab′

)₂ fragments, Fv fragments, small organic molecules, cells, viruses, bacteria, polymers, peptide solutions, protein solutions, chemical compound library solutions, single-stranded DNA solutions, double-stranded DNA solutions, RNA solutions, and biological samples.

11. The biosensor of claim 10, wherein the biological sample is selected from the group consisting of blood, plasma, serum, gastrointestinal secretions, homogenates of tissues or tumors, synovial fluid, feces, saliva, sputum, cyst fluid, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, peritoneal fluid, lung lavage fluid, semen, lymphatic fluid, tears, and prostatitc fluid.

12. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the binding partners are selected from the group consisting of nucleic acids, polypeptides, antigens, polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, single chain antibodies (scFv), F(ab) fragments, F(ab′

)₂ fragments, Fv fragments, small organic molecules, cells, vimses, bacteria, polymers, peptide solutions, protein solutions, chemical compound library solutions, single-stranded DNA solutions, double-stranded DNA solutions, RNA solutions and biological samples.

13. The biosensor of claim 12, wherein the biological sample is selected from the group consisting of blood, plasma, serum, gastrointestinal secretions, homogenates of tissues or tumors, synovial fluid, feces, saliva, sputum, cyst fluid, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, peritoneal fluid, lung lavage fluid, semen, lymphatic fluid, tears, and prostatitc fluid.

14. A liquid-containing vessel comprising a biosensor as an internal surface, wherein the biosensor comprises:

(a) a one-dimensional grating surface structure comprised of a material having a low refractive index;

(b) a high refractive index material layer that is applied on top of the low refractive index one-dimensional grating layer; and

(c) one or more specific binding substances immobilized on a surface of the high refractive index layer opposite of the one-dimensional grating surface structure comprised of a material having a low refractive index;

wherein the one or more specific binding substances are bound to their binding partners and wherein one or more specific binding substances and their binding partners are detection label-free,

wherein, when the biosensor is illuminated a resonant grating effect is produced on a reflected radiation spectrum, and wherein cross-section of the one-dimensional grating is less than the wavelength of the resonant grating effect.

15. The liquid-containing vessel of claim 14, wherein the vessel is selected from the group consisting of a microtiter plate, a test tube, a petri dish and a microfluidic channel.