Method and apparatus for generic application layer gateway

• US 7,376,750 B1
• Filed: 10/02/2002
• Issued: 05/20/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 10/02/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Simu, Adina F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dalencourt; Yves
• Application Number:
  US10/263,888
• Time in Patent Office: 2,057 Days
• Field of Search: 709/217, 709/219, 709/227, 709/229, 709/230, 709/245, 709/226, 726/15
• US Class Current: 709/245
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2557 Translation policies or rules
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2564 for a higher-layer protocol, e.g. for session initiation protocol [SIP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2585 through application level gateway [ALG]

Abstract

Methods and apparatuses for a generic application layer gateway. By systematically examining each field in a message, tokens can be found that are likely to represent an IP address. Translation of those tokens can then be attempted. Certain fields that do not require translation are excluded from the process.

Claims

1. A method of performing generic application layer gateway translation comprising:

receiving a message having multiple fields;

determining whether the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation; and

if the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation, for each of the multiple fields;

if the each field does not require special treatment, examining, without knowledge of which field contains an address, the format of such each field so as to determine whether the examined format matches a known address format; and

if the examined format has been determined to match a known address format, performing an address translation on the each field.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein:

the multiple fields include both the header and the payload.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein:

wherein the known address format is A.B.C.D, where A, B, C and D are numbers having values in the range of 0 to 255.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein:

wherein the known address format is A.B.C.D;

E, where A, B, C and D are numbers having values in the range of 0 to 255 and E is a number having a value in the range of 0 to 65535.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein:

determining whether the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation is a determination of whether the message is using Session Initiation Protocol.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein;

the determination of whether the field requires special treatment is a determination of whether the field is a CALL-ID field or a CONTACT field.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the method is stored as instructions on a computer-readable storage medium.

8. A network address translation (NAT) device comprising:

a processor;

a memory, operably connected with the processor; and

a network interface, operably connected with the processor;

wherein the processor is operable to perform instructions including

receiving a message having multiple fields;

determining whether the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation; and

if the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation, for each of the multiple fields;

if the each field does not require special treatment, examining, without knowledge of which field contains an address, the format of such each field so as to determine whether the examined format matches a known address format; and

if the examined format has been determined to match a known address format, performing an address translation on the each field.

9. The NAT device of claim 8 wherein:

the multiple fields include both the header and the payload.

10. The NAT device of claim 8 wherein:

wherein the known address format is A.B.C.D, where A, B, C and D are numbers having values in the range of 0 to 255.

11. The NAT device of claim 8 wherein:

wherein the known address format is A.B.C.D;

E, where A, B, C and D are numbers having values in the range of 0 to 255 and E is a number having a value in the range of 0 to 65535.

12. The NAT device of claim 8 wherein:

determining whether the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation is a determination of whether the message is using Session Initiation Protocol.

13. The NAT device of claim 12 wherein:

the determination of whether the field requires special treatment is a determination of whether the field is a CALL-ID field or a CONTACT field.

14. A network address translation (NAT) device comprising:

a means for receiving a message having multiple fields;

a means for determining whether the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation; and

a means for if the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation, for each of the multiple fields;

if the each field does not require special treatment, examining, without knowledge of which field contains an address, the format of such each field so as to determine whether the examined format matches a known address format; and

if the examined format has been determined to match a known address format, performing an address translation on the each field.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, in the form of magnetic media and/or magneto-optical media, storing thereon computer-readable instructions for performing generic application layer gateway translation comprising:

instructions for receiving a message having multiple fields;

instructions for determining whether the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation; and

instructions for performing the following operations, if the message is appropriate for generic application layer gateway translation, for each of the multiple fields;

if the each field does not require special treatment, examining, without knowledge of which field contains an address, the format of such each field so as to determine whether the examined format matches a known address format; and

if the examined format has been determined to match a known address format, performing address translation on the each field.