Fiber-optic rotational device, optical system and method for imaging a sample

• US 7,382,949 B2
• Filed: 11/02/2005
• Issued: 06/03/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The General Hospital Corporation (Mass General Brigham, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: The General Hospital Corporation (Mass General Brigham, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bouma, Brett Eugene, Tearney, Guillermo J., Shishkov, Milen
• Primary Examiner(s): Font; Frank G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): WONG, ERIC K
• Application Number:
  US11/266,779
• Publication Number:
  US 20060093276A1
• Time in Patent Office: 944 Days
• Field of Search: 385 24- 25, 385/27, 385/31, 385/39, 385/53, 385/147
• US Class Current: 385/25
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/00183 for variable viewing angles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/042 characterised by a proximal camera, e.g. a CCD camera
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/3137 for examination of the interior of blood vessels
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/22 the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00477 Coupling A61B2017/0046 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0066 Optical coherence imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0084 for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters A61B5/1459 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6852 Catheters
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/32 having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends with lens being an integral part of the single fibre end G02B6/262
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3604 Rotary joints allowing relative rotational movement between opposing fibre or fibre bundle ends

Abstract

A device, system and method for transmitting electro-magnetic radiation between at least two separate fibers (as well as for imaging a sample) are provided. For example, a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber may be provided, such that the first and/or second fibers is/are rotatable. At least one first optical arrangement may also be included which communicates with at least one end of the first optical fiber and/or the second optical fiber. Further, at least one second arrangement may be included which is configured to control a position of the optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first and the second optical fibers at least at the ends thereof. In addition, at least one third arrangement can be provided which is adapted to rotate the first and/or second optical fibers at a rate that is greater than 40 revolutions per second. It is also possible to include at least one fourth arrangement which can be adapted for connecting the first optical fiber and/or the second optical fiber to a catheter arrangement, such that the fourth arrangement includes a protector provided at least at one end thereof, and wherein the protector is automatically removed upon a connection of the first and/or second optical fiber to the catheter arrangement via the fourth arrangement.

Claims

1. A device for transmitting electro-magnetic radiation between at least two separate fibers, comprising:

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fibers is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one first optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at least at the ends thereof; and

at least one third arrangement which is configured to rotate at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at a rate that is greater than 100 revolutions per second.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the third arrangement situates therein at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the third arrangement includes an encoder which is configured to track the rate.

6. The device according to claim 4, wherein the third arrangement includes at least one of a DC motor or a stepping motor.

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein an optical transmission efficiency between the first and the second optical fibers is greater than approximately 80%.

9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device has a back reflection of less than about −

55 dB.

2. A device for transmitting electro-magnetic radiation between at least two separate fibers, comprising:

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fibers is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one first optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at least at the ends thereof;

at least one third arrangement adapted to rotate at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber; and

at least one translating arrangement which is configured to translate at least one of the first optical fiber, the second optical fiber and the at least one second arrangement approximately along at least one of the longitudinal axes.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the rate of translation is greater than approximately 1 millimeter per second.

7. A device for transmitting electro-magnetic radiation between at least two separate fibers, comprising:

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fibers is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one first optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at least at the ends thereof; and

at least one third arrangement adapted to rotate at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber,

wherein the at least one second arrangement includes first and the second collimating lenses, and wherein a numerical product of a focal length of at least one of the first and the second collimating lenses and a numerical aperture of a respective at least one of the first and second optical fibers is between approximately 50 μ

m to 2000 μ

m, and wherein the numerical product is greater than a diameter of at least one of the first optical fiber or the second optical fiber.

10. A device for transmitting electro-magnetic radiation between at least two separate fibers, comprising:

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fibers is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one first optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at least at the ends thereof;

at least one third arrangement adapted to rotate at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one fourth arrangement providing at least one first electro-magnetic radiation to a sample and at least one second electro-magnetic radiation to a reference, wherein a frequency of radiation provided by the at least one fourth arrangement varies over time; and

at least one fifth arrangement detecting an interference between at least one third radiation associated with the at least one first radiation and at least one fourth radiation associated with the at least one second radiation, wherein the first and third electro-magnetic radiations are transmitted via at least one of the first and second optical fibers.

11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the variation overtime of the fourth arrangement has a characteristic repetition rate, and wherein at least one of the first and second optical fibers is rotated by the at least one third arrangement at a substantially uniform rotation speed which is substantially equal to the characteristic repetition rate of the fourth arrangement divided by an integer number greater than 250.

12. A device for transmitting electro-magnetic radiation between at least two separate fibers, comprising:

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fibers is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one first optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at least at the ends thereof;

at least one third arrangement adapted to rotate at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

a fourth arrangement receiving at least one first electro-magnetic radiation from a sample and at least one second electro-magnetic radiation from a reference;

at least one spectral separating unit which separates spectrum of at least one of the first electro-magnetic radiation, the second electro-magnetic radiation and a combination of the first and second electro-magnetic radiation into frequency components; and

at least one fifth detection arrangement including a plurality of detectors, each detector capable of detecting at least a portion of at least one of the frequency components, wherein the at least one first electro-magnetic radiation is transmitted via at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.

13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the fifth arrangement has a characteristic readout repetition rate, and wherein at least one of the first and second optical fibers is rotated by the at least one third arrangement at a substantially uniform rotation speed which is substantially equal to the characteristic readout repetition rate of the fifth arrangement divided by an integer number greater than 250.

14. A device for transmitting electro-magnetic radiation between at least two separate fibers, comprising:

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fibers is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one first optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at least at the ends thereof; and

at least one third arrangement adapted to rotate at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber,

wherein the second optical fiber follows the first optical fiber and separated therefrom by a spatial gap, wherein the second optical fiber includes a first lens portion which is adapted to condense a mode-field area of the electro-magnetic radiation and a second lens portion which follows the first lens portion and which is adapted to expand the mode-field area of the electro-magnetic radiation.

15. A device for transmitting electro-magnetic radiation between at least two separate fibers, comprising:

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at least at the ends thereof; and

at least one third arrangement adapted for connecting at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber to a catheter arrangement, wherein the at least one third arrangement includes a protector provided at least at one end thereof, and wherein the protector is automatically removed upon a connection of the at least one of the first and second optical fiber to the catheter arrangement via the at least one third arrangement.

16. The device according to claim 15, further comprising at least one translating arrangement which is configured to translate at least one of the first optical fiber, the second optical fiber and the at least one second arrangement approximately along at least one of the longitudinal axes.

17. The device according to claim 15, further comprising at least one fourth arrangement adapted to rotate at least one of the first and second optical fiber at a rate that is greater than 100 revolutions per second.

18. The device according to claim 15, wherein the fourth arrangement situates therein at least one of the first and second optical fibers.

19. The device according to claim 17, wherein the fourth arrangement includes an encoder which is configured to track the rate.

20. The device according to claim 17, wherein the fourth arrangement includes at least one of a DC motor or a stepping motor.

21. The device according to claim 15, wherein the at least one second arrangement includes first and the second collimating lenses, and wherein a numerical product of a focal length of at least one of the first and the second collimating lenses and a numerical aperture of a respective at least one of the first and second optical fibers is between approximately 50 mm to 2000 mm.

22. The device according to claim 15, wherein an optical transmission efficiency between the first and the second optical fibers is greater than approximately 80%.

23. The device according to claim 15, wherein the device has a back reflection of less than about −

55 dB.

24. The device according to claim 15, further comprising:

at least one fourth arrangement providing at least one first electro-magnetic radiation to a sample and at least one second electro-magnetic radiation to a reference, wherein a frequency of radiation provided by the at least one fourth arrangement varies over time; and

at least one fifth arrangement detecting an interference between at least one third radiation associated with the at least one first radiation and at least one fourth radiation associated with the at least one second radiation, wherein the first and third electro-magnetic radiations are transmitted via at least one of the first and second optical fibers.

25. The device according to claim 24, wherein the variation over time of the fourth arrangement has a characteristic repetition rate, and wherein at least one of the first and second optical fibers is rotated by the at least one third arrangement at a substantially uniform rotation speed which is substantially equal to the characteristic repetition rate of the fifth arrangement divided by an integer number that is approximately greater than 250.

26. The device according to claim 15, further comprising:

a fourth arrangement receiving at least one first electro-magnetic radiation from a sample and at least one second electro-magnetic radiation from a reference;

at least one spectral separating unit which separates spectrum of at least one of the first electro-magnetic radiation, the second electro-magnetic radiation and a combination of the first and second electro-magnetic radiation into frequency components; and

at least one fifth detection arrangement including a plurality of detectors, each detector capable of detecting at least a portion of at least one of the frequency components, wherein the at least one first electro-magnetic radiation is transmitted via at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.

27. The device according to claim 26, wherein the fifth arrangement has a characteristic readout repetition rate, and wherein at least one of the first and second optical fibers is rotated by the at least one third arrangement at a substantially uniform rotation speed which is substantially equal to the characteristic readout repetition rate of the fifth arrangement divided by an integer number greater than about 250.

28. The device according to claim 27, wherein the catheter arrangement is adapted to be inserted into a coronary artery.

29. The device according to claim 15, wherein the second optical fiber follows the first optical fiber and separated therefrom by a spatial gap, wherein the second optical fiber includes a first lens portion which is adapted to condense a mode-field area of the electro-magnetic radiation and a second lens portion which follows the first lens portion and which is adapted to expand the mode-field area of the electro-magnetic radiation.

32. The device according to claim 15, wherein the protect at least partially covers at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.

30. A system for imaging a sample, comprising:

a source generating electro-magnetic radiation;

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber receiving at least one signal associated with the electro-magnetic radiation, wherein at least one of the first and second fibers is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at least at the ends thereof; and

at least one third arrangement which is configured to rotate at least one of the first optical finer and the second optical fiber at a rate that is greater than 100 revolutions per second.

31. A system for imaging a sample, comprising:

a source generating electro-magnetic radiation;

a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber receiving at least one signal associated with the electro-magnetic radiation, wherein at least one of the first and second fibers is rotatable;

at least one first optical arrangement communicating with at least one end of at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;

at least one second arrangement configured to control a position of the at least one optical arrangement to align longitudinal axes of the first and the second optical fibers at least at the ends thereof; and

at least one third arrangement adapted for connecting at least one of the first and second optical fiber to a catheter arrangement, wherein the at least third arrangement includes a protector provided at least at one end thereof, and wherein the protector is automatically removed upon a connection of the at least one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber to the catheter arrangement via the at least one third arrangement.