Method of enabling two-state operation of electronic toll collection system

• US 7,388,501 B2
• Filed: 05/19/2006
• Issued: 06/17/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Mark IV Industries Corporation
• Original Assignee: Mark IV Industries Corporation
• Inventors: Ho, Thua Van, Tang, Wai-Cheung
• Primary Examiner(s): La; Anh V.
• Application Number:
  US11/437,236
• Publication Number:
  US 20070268140A1
• Time in Patent Office: 760 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572.7, 340/572.4, 340/928, 340/10.1, 340/572.5, 340/572.1, 340/572.8, 340/10.2, 340/10.42, 340/10.5, 340/825.49, 343/770, 343/767, 343/793, 235/375
• US Class Current: 340/572.7
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10346 the antenna being of the far field type, e.g. HF types or dipoles

Abstract

A method and system for communicating state information from a transponder to a reader. The transponder outputs linearly polarized RF signals having either a first polarization, such as horizontal, or a second polarization, such as vertical. The polarization is selected so as to indicate a first state or a second state. The reader detects whether received RF signals have the first polarization or the second polarization, and thereby determines the state of the transponder. In some embodiments, the reader may include two linearly polarized antennas, one with the first polarization and one with the second polarization, for receiving the RF signals from the transponder and determining the polarization of the received RF signals. The system may be implemented within an electronic toll collection system, wherein the transponders are affixed to the interior of vehicle windshields using a rotatable mounting mechanism having two selectable positions.

Claims

1. A method for determining a state of a transponder, the transponder having at least a first state of operation and a second state of operation, the transponder including an antenna for propagating RF signals, wherein the RF signals have a first polarization in the first state and the RF signals have a second polarization in the second state, and wherein the first polarization is substantially different from the second polarization, the method comprising the steps of:

transmitting an RF polling signal from a reader to the transponder, the reader having a plurality of antennas for propagating the RF polling signal;

detecting a response signal from the transponder;

if said response signal has said first polarization, determining that the transponder is in said first state; and

if said response signal has said second polarization, determining that the transponder is in said second state.

2. The method claimed in claim 1, wherein said first polarization is substantially orthogonal to said second polarization.

3. The method claimed in claim 1, wherein said reader includes a first antenna and a second antenna, and wherein said first antenna is oriented with said first polarization and said second antenna is oriented with said second polarization.

4. The method claimed in claim 3, wherein said first antenna and said second antenna comprise a dual-mode antenna.

5. The method claimed in claim 3, wherein said steps of detecting and determining comprise:

detecting whether said response signal is received by said first antenna and, if so, determining that said response signal has said first polarization, and

detecting whether said response signal is received by said second antenna and, if so, determining that said response signal has said second polarization.

6. The method claimed in claim 5 for detecting the state of the transponder in an electronic toll collection system associated with a multi-lane roadway, wherein said reader includes a plurality of said first antennas and a plurality of said second antennas, and wherein said method includes repeating said steps of transmitting and detecting, and further includes steps of counting response signals received by said first antennas and said second antennas and identifying whether said transponder is in said first state or said second state based upon said counting.

7. The method claimed in claim 1, further including a step of providing the transponder with a mounting bracket, wherein said mounting bracket includes a rotatable mechanism for rotating said transponder about an axis between a first position and a second position, and wherein in said first position the transponder is oriented to emit the response signal with said first polarization, and wherein said second position the transponder is oriented to emit the response signal with said second polarization.

8. The method claimed in claim 7, wherein said first position and said second position comprise positions about ninety degrees apart in rotation.

9. The method claimed in claim 1 for detecting the state of the transponder in an electronic toll collection system, wherein the transponder is mounted to a vehicle, and wherein said plurality of antennas for said reader comprises antennas associated with a roadway.

10. The method claimed in claim 9, wherein said first state comprises a normal state of operation and wherein second state comprises a high-occupancy state of operation.

11. The method claimed in claim 10, further including a step of processing a toll transaction, said toll transaction including a toll payment, and wherein said toll payment is different depending on whether the transponder is in said first state or said second state.

12. An electronic toll collection system, comprising:

a transponder including an antenna for propagating RF signals, the transponder having at least a first state of operation and a second state of operation, wherein in said first state the RF signals have a first polarization, and wherein in the second state the RF signals have a second polarization, and wherein said first polarization is substantially different from said second polarization; and

a reader including a plurality of antennas for receiving the RF signals from said transponder, the reader including a detector for determining whether said RF signal have said first polarization or said second polarization, and thereby determining whether said transponder is in said first state or said second state.

13. The system claimed in claim 12, wherein said first polarization is substantially orthogonal to said second polarization.

14. The system claimed in claim 12, wherein said plurality of antennas include a first antenna and a second antenna, and wherein said first antenna is oriented with said first polarization and said second antenna is oriented with said second polarization, and wherein said detector includes an RF transceiver having a first input coupled to the first antenna and a second input coupled to the second antenna.

15. The system claimed in claim 14, wherein said first antenna and said second antenna comprise a dual-mode antenna.

16. The system claimed in claim 14, wherein said detector is configured to detect whether said RF signals are received by said first antenna and, if so, determine that said RF signals have said first polarization, and detect whether said RF signals are received by said second antenna and, if so, determine that said RF signals have said second polarization.

17. The system claimed in claim 16 wherein said reader is associated with a multi-lane roadway, wherein said plurality of said first antennas and a plurality of said second antennas, and wherein said reader includes an RF transceiver for sequentially exciting said plurality of antennas to emit a polling signal in a polling cycle, and wherein said transponder transmits said RF signals in response to one or more of said polling signals, and wherein said detector is configured to count said RF signals received by said first antennas and said second antennas and identify by a voting algorithm whether said transponder is in said first state or said second state based upon said count.

18. The system claimed in claim 12, wherein said transponder antenna comprises a linearly polarized antenna, and wherein said transponder includes a selection mechanism having a first position and a second position, said first position corresponding to said first state and said second position corresponding to said second state, and wherein in said first position said linearly polarized antenna has a first orientation, and wherein in said second position said linearly polarized antenna has a second orientation.

19. The system claimed in claim 18, wherein said selection mechanism comprises a mounting bracket, and wherein said mounting bracket includes a rotatable mechanism for rotating said transponder about an axis between said first position and said second position, and wherein in said first position the transponder is oriented to emit the response signal with said first polarization, and wherein said second position the transponder is oriented to emit the response signal with said second polarization.

20. The system claimed in claim 19, wherein said first position and said second position comprise positions about ninety degrees apart in rotation.

21. The system claimed in claim 12, wherein said first state comprises a normal state of operation and wherein second state comprises a high-occupancy state of operation.

22. The system claimed in claim 12, further including a toll transaction processor for processing a toll transaction relating to said transponder, said toll transaction including a toll payment, and wherein said toll payment is different depending on whether said transponder is in said first state or said second state.

23. An electronic toll collection system, comprising:

a transponder including a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna having a first polarization and the second antenna having a second polarization, wherein said first polarization is substantially different from said second polarization; and

a reader including a plurality of antennas for selectively sending first RF signals or second RF signals to said transponder, wherein said first RF signals have said first polarization and said second RF signals have said second polarization,

and wherein said transponder includes a detector for distinguishing between said first RF signals and said second RF signals.