Flexible versatile low-cost wireline transmit driver

• US 7,394,857 B2
• Filed: 10/31/2003
• Issued: 07/01/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Analog Devices, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Analog Devices, Inc.
• Inventors: Hendriks, Paul M., Maulik, Prabir C., Mehr, Iuri
• Primary Examiner(s): Fan; Chieh M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee; Siu M
• Application Number:
  US10/698,976
• Publication Number:
  US 20050094736A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,705 Days
• Field of Search: 375/257, 375/258, 375/222, 375/357, 375/358, 375/216, 375/278, 375/279, 327/65, 327/562, 327/63, 327108-112, 327560-563
• US Class Current: 375/257
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/028 Arrangements specific to the transmitter end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0282 Provision for current-mode coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/029 Provision of high-impedance states

Abstract

A versatile, programmable, low-cost transmit line driver is provided. The line driver includes a digital-to-analog converter that receives a digital input and provides an analog output. The line driver is reconfigurable between the voltage mode of operation.

Claims

1. A transmit line driver adapted to drive a signal over a transmit line, the transmit line driver comprising:

a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) receiving a digital input and providing at least one analog current output; and

conversion circuitry adapted for coupling between the DAC and a transformer of the transmit line, the conversion circuitry adapted to convert the analog current output to a signal to be transmitted over the transmit line via the transformer, wherein the conversion circuitry is reconfigurable such that the transmit driver is capable of operating in at least one current mode and at least one voltage mode depending on at least one characteristic of the transmit line,

wherein the at least one current mode includes a first current mode, wherein when the transmit driver is operating in the first current mode, the conversion circuitry is configured to directly connect the at least one analog current output provided by the DAC to the transformer.

2. The transmit line driver of claim 1, wherein the at least one current mode includes a second current mode and the at least one analog current output includes a first current output and a second current output, and wherein the conversion circuitry comprises a first current mirror and a second current mirror, and wherein when the transmit driver is operating in the second current mode, the conversion circuitry is configured to connect the first current output provided by the DAC as an input to the first current mirror and the second current output provided by the DAC as an input to the second current mirror, and to connect an output of the first current mirror and an output of the second current mirror to the transformer.

3. The transmit line driver of claim 2, wherein the first current mirror and the second current mirror provide a programmable gain to the first current output and the second current output, respectively.

4. The transmit line driver of claim 1, wherein the at least one current mode includes a second current mode, and wherein the conversion circuitry comprises at least one current mirror coupled between the DAC and the transformer, and wherein when the transmit line driver is operating in the second current mode, the conversion circuitry is configured to connect the at least one analog current output provide by the DAC to the at least one current mirror.

5. The transmit line driver of claim 4, wherein the at least one current mirror adds gain to the at least one current output of the DAC.

6. The transmit line driver of claim 5, wherein the gain of the at least one current mirror is programmable.

7. The transmit line driver of claim 4, wherein the at least one current mirror comprises a first transistor and a second transistor adapted to be connected between the DAC and the transformer of the transmit line.

8. The transmit line driver of claim 2, wherein the first current mirror comprises a first transistor and a second transistor and the second current mirror comprises a third transistor and a fourth transistor.

10. The transmit line driver of claim 1, wherein the at least one characteristic of the transmit line includes at least one impedance of the transmit line.

11. The transmit line driver of claim 1, wherein the at least one characteristic of the transmit line includes at least one impedance of the transmit line, and wherein the transmit line driver is configured to operate in the first current mode when an impedance of the transmit line is relatively stable.

12. The transmit line driver of claim 11, wherein the transmit line is a cable modem transmit line.

13. The transmit line driver of claim 4, wherein the transmit line driver is configured to operate in the second current mode in circumstances wherein voltage swings in the transmit line are greater than achievable by driving the transmit line in the first current mode.

14. The transmit line driver of claim 13, wherein the at least one characteristic of the transmit line includes at least one impedance of the transmit line, and wherein the transmit line driver is configured to operate in the at least one voltage mode when an impedance of the transmit line varies more than can be accommodated in either the first current mode or the second current mode.

15. The transmit line driver of the claim 13, wherein the transmit line driver is configured to operate in the at least one voltage mode when the transmit line includes a power line.

9. A transmit line driver adapted to drive a signal over a transmit line, the transmit line driver comprising:

a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) receiving a digital input and providing at least one analog current output; and

conversion circuitry adapted for coupling between the DAC and a transformer of the transmit line, the conversion circuitry adapted to convert the analog current output to a signal to be transmitted over the transmit line via the transformer, wherein the conversion circuitry is reconfigurable such that the transmit driver is capable of operating in at least one current mode and at least one voltage mode depending on at least one characteristic of the transmit line,

wherein the conversion circuit comprises first and second current mirrors, first and second resistors, first and second bipolar transistors, coupled between the DAC and the transformer, and wherein when the line driver operates in the at least one voltage mode, the conversion circuit connects at least one of the first and second bipolar transistors to the transformer.