Selectively responsive tag suitable for RFID systems and the like

• US 7,397,378 B1
• Filed: 02/15/2006
• Issued: 07/08/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 02/21/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Leason Holdings Company, LLC
• Original Assignee: Leason Holdings Company, LLC
• Inventors: Leason, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Bugg; George
• Assistant Examiner(s): HUNNINGS, TRAVIS R
• Application Number:
  US11/307,617
• Time in Patent Office: 874 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572.7, 340/572.1, 340/572.8, 340/10.1, 340/10.5
• US Class Current: 340/572.7
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0739 the incapacitated circuit being part of an antenna
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07749 the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07798 part of the antenna or the integrated circuit being adapted for rupturing or breaking, e.g. record carriers functioning as sealing devices for detecting not-authenticated opening of containers electronic seals G09F3/03
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/08 by opening, e.g. of door, of window, of drawer, of shutter, of curtain, of blind

Abstract

A tag for RFID applications and the like comprises an antenna supported on a dielectric substrate and having a first electrical length suitable for communication as a transponder. A selectively removable conductive shunt causes the antenna to assume a second electrical length which impedes transponder communication. Applications of the tag include tag-bearing products that are non-transmissive beneath surrounding packaging, and state machines that change between transmissive and non-transmissive states with selective shunting of the antenna. A method for enhancing an RFID tag for selective operation is also provided.

Claims

1. A tag responsive to a transmitted signal, comprising:

a dielectric substrate;

an antenna supported on the substrate and defining an antenna pattern having a first electrical length selected to permit wireless interrogation by an external reader at one or more prescribed frequencies;

at least a first electrical contact at a first location along the antenna;

a conductive shunt conductively contacting the antenna at least at the first location and extending from the first location so as to define an antenna pattern having a second electrical length that is different than the first electrical length for so long as the conductive shunt remains in conductive contact with the antenna, the second electrical length precluding wireless interrogation by the external reader at the one or more prescribed frequencies; and

a carrier affixed to the shunt with a connection which is stronger than the conductive contact of the shunt to the antenna, the carrier being selectively movable away from the substrate to separate the conductive contact of the shunt to the antenna and restore the first electrical length of the antenna pattern.

2. The tag of claim 1, further comprising a second electrical contact providing conductive contact to the antenna at a second location along the antenna which is located so as to be in physical contact with the shunt while the shunt contacts the first electrical contact, wherein the second electrical length is due at least in part to an electrical short between the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact.

3. The tag of claim 1, further comprising a semiconductor chip supported on the substrate in electrical communication with the antenna, wherein the semiconductor chip has a ground potential contact which is located so as to be in conductive contact with the shunt while the shunt contacts the first electrical contact, wherein the second electrical length results from an electrical short between the first electrical contact and the ground potential.

4. The tag of claim 3, wherein semiconductor chip has an antenna port having an impedance and wherein the first electrical length is matched to the impedance within a prescribed tolerance and wherein the second electrical length is outside of the prescribed tolerance.

5. The tag of claim 1, further comprising a semiconductor chip supported on the substrate in electrical communication with the antenna so as to produce a unique signature in response to interrogation by the external reader at the one or more prescribed frequencies, wherein the substrate comprises a label, and wherein the label supports a machine-readable code which is matched to the unique signature.

6. The tag of claim 1, wherein the shunt comprises a conductive material that differs from that of the antenna.

7. The tag of claim 1, further comprising a non-conductive film overlying the antenna except at the locations of the electrical contacts.

8. The tag of claim 1, further comprising a semiconductor chip supported on the substrate in electrical communication with the antenna, wherein the substrate comprises a layer of a trading card, wherein the semiconductor chip contains a signature that assists in authenticating the trading card, the signature being interrogatable by way of signal transmission through the antenna after removal of the conductive shunt.

9. The tag of claim 1, further comprising a mount, wherein the carrier includes hardware moveable relative to the mount along a prescribed path, wherein movement of the hardware along the prescribed path in a first direction separates the conductive contact of the shunt from the antenna to restore the first electrical length of the antenna pattern.

10. The tag of claim 9, wherein movement of the hardware along the prescribed path in a second direction different than the first direction to a particular position causes the conductive shunt to contact the antenna and maintain the antenna pattern at the second electrical length.

11. A packaged tag-bearing product, comprising:

a tag including an antenna having an antenna pattern which is supported in fixed position relative to the product;

a removable, conductive shunt positioned in conductive contact with at least one location on the antenna; and

packaging disposed in surrounding relationship to the tag and the shunt, the packaging having a closed configuration in which the packaging precludes disruption of the contact between the at least one location and the shunt,

wherein, in the presence of an electromagnetic signal of one or more prescribed frequencies, the tag responds with a signature signal only after the shunt has been removed.

12. The product of claim 11, wherein the packaging is mechanically coupled to the shunt such that removal of the packaging from the product disrupts the contact between the at least one location and the shunt.

13. The product of claim 11, further comprising a carrier affixed to the shunt which is independent of the packaging, wherein the carrier is concealed when the packaging is in the closed configuration.

14. A method for enhancing an RFID tag for selective operation, the tag comprising an antenna having a first electrical length disposed on a dielectric substrate, the first electrical length being selected to permit wireless interrogation by an external reader at one or more prescribed frequencies, comprising the steps of:

providing at least a first electrical contact at a first location along the antenna;

disposing a removable conductive shunt in conductive contact with the antenna at least at the first location and extending from the first location so as to define an antenna pattern having a second electrical length that is different than the first electrical length for so long as the conductive shunt remains in conductive contact with the antenna, the second electrical length precluding wireless interrogation by the external reader at the one or more prescribed frequencies; and

affixing a carrier to the shunt with a connection which is stronger than the conductive contact of the shunt to the antenna, yet which is selectively separatable from the shunt, so as to permit selective restoration of the first electrical length of the antenna.

15. A tag constructed to have a non-transmissive state and a transmissive state, comprising:

a dielectric substrate;

an antenna supported on the substrate and defining an antenna pattern having a first electrical length selected to permit wireless interrogation by an external reader at one or more prescribed frequencies;

at least a first electrical contact at a first location along the antenna;

a conductive shunt conductively contacting the antenna at least at the first location and extending from the first location so as to define an antenna pattern having a second electrical length that is different than the first electrical length and in which wireless interrogation at the one or more prescribed frequencies is precluded; and

a disruptable mechanical connection made between the conductive shunt and at least the first location of the antenna, the connection establishing the non-transmissive state in which the antenna has the second electrical length and being disruptable to separate the conductive shunt from the antenna so as to thereafter establish the transmissive state in which the first electrical length of the antenna is restored.

16. The tag of claim 15, further comprising a second electrical contact providing conductive contact to the antenna at a second location along the antenna which is located so as to be in physical contact with the shunt while the shunt contacts the first electrical contact, wherein the second electrical length is due at least in part to an electrical short between the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact.

17. The tag of claim 15, further comprising a semiconductor chip supported on the substrate in electrical communication with the antenna, wherein the semiconductor chip has a ground potential contact which is located so as to be in conductive contact with the shunt while the shunt contacts the first electrical contact, wherein the second electrical length results from an electrical short between the first electrical contact and the ground potential.

18. The tag of claim 17, wherein semiconductor chip has an antenna port having an impedance and wherein the first electrical length is matched to the impedance within a prescribed tolerance and wherein the second electrical length is outside of the prescribed tolerance.

19. The tag of claim 15, further comprising a non-conductive film overlying the antenna except at the locations of the electrical contacts.

20. The tag of claim 15, further comprising a semiconductor chip supported on the substrate in electrical communication with the antenna so as to produce a unique signature in response to interrogation by the external reader at the one or more prescribed frequencies only when in the transmissive state, wherein the substrate comprises a label, and wherein the label supports a machine-readable code which is readable in at least the non-transmissive state and which is matched to the unique signature.

21. The tag of claim 15, further comprising a semiconductor chip supported on the substrate in electrical communication with the antenna so as to produce a unique signature in response to interrogation by the external reader at the one or more prescribed frequencies, wherein the unique signature authenticates an object to which the tag is to be attached only when the tag is in the transmissive state.