Biological identification system with integrated sensor chip
First Claim
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1. A method of detecting the presence or measuring the quantity of a target analyte in a sample, comprising:
- positioning the sample on a sensor, the sensor including a working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode on a substrate, the reference electrode consisting of a single layer of an electrically conductive material and a self-assembly monolayer, the self-assembly monolayer being bonded to the layer of electrically conductive material and including biotinylated thiol molecules that include a sulfur bonded directly to the layer of electrically conductive material;
conducting an analysis of the sample that includes controlling a potential difference between the reference electrode and the working electrode while measuring a current flowing through the working electrode, whereinthe potential is controlled so as to cause a redox reaction between a component in the sample and the working electrode, andthe current through the working electrode is balanced by a current through the counter electrode; and
employing the measured current to determine the presence or quantity of a target analyte in the sample.
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Abstract
The system includes a microfabricated electrochemical biosensor for detecting the presence and/or quantity of the target analyte in the sample reagent. The biosensor includes a substrate and at least two electrically conductive electrodes. Each of the electrical conductive electrodes consists of a single layer of an electrically conductive material. The electrodes can be fabricated on the substrate by integrated circuit technology.
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Citations
39 Claims
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1. A method of detecting the presence or measuring the quantity of a target analyte in a sample, comprising:
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positioning the sample on a sensor, the sensor including a working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode on a substrate, the reference electrode consisting of a single layer of an electrically conductive material and a self-assembly monolayer, the self-assembly monolayer being bonded to the layer of electrically conductive material and including biotinylated thiol molecules that include a sulfur bonded directly to the layer of electrically conductive material; conducting an analysis of the sample that includes controlling a potential difference between the reference electrode and the working electrode while measuring a current flowing through the working electrode, wherein the potential is controlled so as to cause a redox reaction between a component in the sample and the working electrode, and the current through the working electrode is balanced by a current through the counter electrode; and employing the measured current to determine the presence or quantity of a target analyte in the sample. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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Specification