Transverse closed-loop resonator
First Claim
1. A transverse closed-loop waveguide resonator comprising:
- an inner cladding having a surface peripherally forming a substantially cylindrical closed-loop shape for confining light to the surface, the inner cladding having a first diameter thickness and a first index of refraction profile in a cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop resonator; and
a ringed-core corresponding to the closed-loop shape disposed on the corresponding surface of the inner cladding, the ringed-core being so dimensioned and having a second thickness of material thinner than the first diameter thickness, and a second index of refraction profile greater than the first index of the inner cladding by an index delta in the cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop resonator, such that the ringed-core confines guided light radially within the ringed-core-around the closed-loop shape, the inner cladding having a first average index of refraction for limiting whispering-gallery-modes to have a mode index of refraction lower than the average index of refraction of the inner cladding, the ringed-core surrounding the inner cladding sufficiently thin and having a second average index of refraction greater than the first average index of the inner cladding for supporting an index-guided resonant optical circumferential mode having a mode index of refraction greater then the average index of the first average index of refraction of the inner cladding.
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Abstract
A transverse closed-loop fiber resonator (10) includes an inner cladding (102) having a surface (300) peripherally forming a closed-loop shape for confining light to the surface (300). The inner cladding has a first diameter thickness (104) and a first index of refraction profile in a cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop fiber resonator (10). A ringed-core (120) corresponding to the closed-loop shape is disposed on the corresponding surface of the inner cladding (102). The ringed-core (120) has a second thickness (124) of material thinner than the first diameter thickness (104), and a second index of refraction profile greater than the first index of the inner cladding by an index delta in the cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop fiber resonator such that the ringed-core can guide light within the ringed-core traversely around the closed-loop shape.
55 Citations
28 Claims
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1. A transverse closed-loop waveguide resonator comprising:
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an inner cladding having a surface peripherally forming a substantially cylindrical closed-loop shape for confining light to the surface, the inner cladding having a first diameter thickness and a first index of refraction profile in a cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop resonator; and a ringed-core corresponding to the closed-loop shape disposed on the corresponding surface of the inner cladding, the ringed-core being so dimensioned and having a second thickness of material thinner than the first diameter thickness, and a second index of refraction profile greater than the first index of the inner cladding by an index delta in the cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop resonator, such that the ringed-core confines guided light radially within the ringed-core-around the closed-loop shape, the inner cladding having a first average index of refraction for limiting whispering-gallery-modes to have a mode index of refraction lower than the average index of refraction of the inner cladding, the ringed-core surrounding the inner cladding sufficiently thin and having a second average index of refraction greater than the first average index of the inner cladding for supporting an index-guided resonant optical circumferential mode having a mode index of refraction greater then the average index of the first average index of refraction of the inner cladding. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of orthogonally resonating evanescent fields, comprising:
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providing an optical transmission in a propagation direction parallel to an optical axis and having a single guided longitudinal mode with a first external evanescent field; providing a recursive path in an optical fiber having a propagation direction circumferential to a longitudinal axis, the recursive path not coupling whispering gallery modes and having a single guided circumferential mode with a second external evanescent field; and orthogonally coupling the first and second evanescent fields.
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15. An orthogonal resonating coupler, comprising:
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a transmission waveguide having a propagation direction parallel to an optical axis and having a guided longitudinal mode with a first external evanescent field; a resonating fiber having a propagation direction circumferential to a longitudinal axis and having a guided circumferential mode with a second external evanescent field; an interaction region closely spaced between the transmission waveguide and the resonating fiber for orthogonally coupling the first and second evanescent fields; and a pair of lateral confinement sections comprising fiber Bragg gratings written on opposed ends of the resonating fiber outside of the interaction region.
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16. A transverse closed-loop waveguide resonator comprising:
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an inner cladding comprising a glass sphere having a surface peripherally forming a closed-loop shape for confining light to the surface, the inner cladding having a first diameter thickness and a first index of refraction profile in a cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop resonator; and a ringed-core corresponding to the closed-loop shape disposed on the corresponding surface of the inner cladding, the ringed-core having a second thickness of material thinner than the first diameter thickness, and a second index of refraction profile greater than the first index of the inner cladding by an index delta in the cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop resonator such that the ringed-core can guide light within the ringed-core around the closed-loop shape. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18)
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19. An orthogonal resonating coupler, comprising:
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a transmission waveguide having a propagation direction parallel to an optical axis and having a guided longitudinal mode with a first external evanescent field; a resonating fiber having a propagation direction circumferential to a longitudinal axis and having a guided circumferential mode with a second external evanescent field; and an interaction region closely spaced between the transmission waveguide and the resonating fiber for orthogonally coupling the first and second evanescent fields, wherein the resonating fiber comprises an inner cladding having a first average index of refraction for limiting whispering-gallery-modes to have a mode index of refraction lower than the average index of refraction of the inner cladding, and a ringed-core surrounding the inner cladding sufficiently thin and having a second average index of refraction greater than the first average index of the inner cladding for supporting an index-guided resonant optical circumferential mode having a mode index of refraction greater then the average index of the first average index of refraction of the inner cladding. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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Specification