Noninvasive determination of alcohol in tissue
First Claim
1. An apparatus for non-invasive determination of an attribute of human tissue by quantitative near infrared spectroscopy comprising:
- an illumination subsystem;
a tissue sampling subsystem, in optical communication with the illumination subsystem;
a spectrometer subsystem in optical communication with the tissue sampling subsystem, said spectrometer subsystem including a spectrometer;
a data acquisition subsystem including a detector which receives an output from the spectrometer subsystem and converts said output to a communicable representation, said data acquisition subsystem including means for modifying said communicable representation and producing an analyzable representation thereof; and
a processing subsystem for receiving said analyzable representation and further including means for determining the attribute from said analyzable representation;
wherein the illumination subsystem comprises a source of light that is substantially spatially homogeneous and substantially angularly homogeneous.
3 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
An apparatus and method for non-invasive determination of attributes of human tissue by quantitative infrared spectroscopy. The system includes subsystems optimized to contend with the complexities of the tissue spectrum, high signal-to-noise ratio and photometric accuracy requirements, tissue sampling errors, calibration maintenance problems, and calibration transfer problems. The subsystems include an illumination subsystem, a tissue sampling subsystem, a spectrometer subsystem, a data acquisition subsystem, and a processing subsystem. The invention is applicable, as examples, to determining the concentration or change of concentration of alcohol in human tissue.
58 Citations
28 Claims
-
1. An apparatus for non-invasive determination of an attribute of human tissue by quantitative near infrared spectroscopy comprising:
-
an illumination subsystem; a tissue sampling subsystem, in optical communication with the illumination subsystem; a spectrometer subsystem in optical communication with the tissue sampling subsystem, said spectrometer subsystem including a spectrometer; a data acquisition subsystem including a detector which receives an output from the spectrometer subsystem and converts said output to a communicable representation, said data acquisition subsystem including means for modifying said communicable representation and producing an analyzable representation thereof; and a processing subsystem for receiving said analyzable representation and further including means for determining the attribute from said analyzable representation; wherein the illumination subsystem comprises a source of light that is substantially spatially homogeneous and substantially angularly homogeneous. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
-
-
26. An apparatus for non-invasive determination of the presence, concentration, or both, of alcohol in human tissue by quantitative near infrared spectroscopy comprising:
-
an illumination subsystem, adapted to supply light having a plurality of wavelengths in the range of 1.2 microns to 2.5 microns; a tissue sampling subsystem, in optical communication with the illumination subsystem, and adapted to emit light to a tissue surface and to collect light from the same tissue surface; an interferometric spectrometer subsystem in optical communication with the tissue sampling subsystem, said interferometric spectrometer subsystem including an interferometer; a data acquisition subsystem including a detector which receives an output from the spectrometer subsystem and converts said output to a representation suitable for communication and analysis; and a processing subsystem adapted to receive said representation and to determine the presence, concentration, or both, of alcohol from said representation by quantitative near infrared spectroscopic analysis; wherein the processing subsystem comprises a multivariate model relating spectroscopic information to tissue attribute, and wherein the multivariate model uses information at more than three wavelengths, and wherein the tissue attribute comprises at least one of;
the rate of change of alcohol concentration and the direction of change of alcohol concentration.
-
-
27. An apparatus for non-invasive determination of the presence, concentration, or both, of alcohol or a derivative thereof in human tissue by quantitative near infrared spectroscopy comprising:
-
an illumination subsystem, adapted to supply light having a plurality of wavelengths in the range of 1.2 microns to 2.5 microns wherein the illumination subsystem comprises a source of light that is substantially spatially homogeneous and substantially angularly homogeneous; a spectrometer subsystem in optical communication with the illumination subsystem, said spectrometer subsystem including an interferometer; a tissue sampling subsystem, in optical communication with the spectrometer subsystem, and adapted to emit light to a tissue surface and to collect light from the same tissue surface; a data acquisition subsystem including a detector which receives an output from the tissue sampling subsystem and converts said output to a representation suitable for communication and analysis; and a processing subsystem for receiving said representation and for determining the attribute from said representation by quantitative near infrared spectroscopic analysis. - View Dependent Claims (28)
-
Specification