Packet forwarding apparatus with redundant routing module

• US 7,406,037 B2
• Filed: 01/31/2005
• Issued: 07/29/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Okita, Hideki
• Primary Examiner(s): Garber; Charles D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CAMPBELL, MATTHEW T
• Application Number:
  US11/045,427
• Publication Number:
  US 20050226144A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,275 Days
• Field of Search: 370/218, 370/219, 370/221
• US Class Current: 370/218
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/00 Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks routing or path finding in wireless networks H04W40/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/586 of virtual routers

Abstract

A packet forwarding apparatus wherein a routing control packet received from a network is forwarded to both active and standby routing modules, the standby routing module executes predetermined routing control information processing and sends identification information of the routing control packet to the active routing module, the active routing module executes predetermined routing control information processing, returns a response packet to a sender of the routing control packet, and determines a state of the standby routing module depending on whether an internal control packet has been received from the standby routing module and its contents.

Claims

1. A packet forwarding apparatus provided with a function to communicate routing control information with another node apparatus on a communication network according to a specific routing protocol, said packet forwarding apparatus comprising:

a plurality of interface modules, each of which is connected to input and output lines of the communication network;

at least two routing modules capable of switching their operation modes between active and standby modes, one of which operates as an active routing module, while the remaining operating as standby; and

an internal switching unit for exchanging packets among said interface modules and said routing modules, wherein

each of said interface modules has means for forwarding a routing control packet received from the communication network to both said active and standby routing modules,

said routing module operating as standby has means for executing routing control information processing in accordance with said routing protocol in response to receiving said routing control packet, and means for sending an internal control packet including identification information of said routing control packet to said active routing module, and

said routing module operating as the active has means for executing routing control information processing in accordance with said routing protocol in response to receiving said routing control packet and transmitting a response packet to a sender of the routing control packet, and means for determining a state of said standby routing module depending on whether the internal control packet has been received and its contents.

2. The packet forwarding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of said interface modules comprises:

means for determining whether a received packet is a routing control packet or a response packet for routing control compliant with said specific protocol based on header information of the packet received from the communication network;

first internal header adding means for attaching an internal header to the routing control packet or the response packet, the internal header including an internal multicast address assigned to said active and standby routing modules;

second internal header adding means for attaching an internal header to a received packet that is neither the routing control packet nor the response packet, the internal header including an internal address corresponding to a destination address of the received packet; and

means for forwarding the packets output from said first and second internal header adding means to said internal switching unit.

3. The packet forwarding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

each of said interface modules has means for adding a sequence number specific to the interface module to said routing control packet, and

said routing module operating as the standby uses the sequence number as said identification information of the routing control packet.

4. The packet forwarding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

each of said routing modules is provided with a table for storing operation mode and identification information of the latest routing control packet in association with identifiers of the routing modules connected to said internal switching unit, and

each time receiving a routing control packet, the routing module operating as active stores the identification information of the routing control packet into said table and determines the state of the standby routing module depending on whether the internal control packet has been received from the standby routing module within a predetermined time period after receiving the control packet and relation between the identification information of the routing control packet specified in the internal control packet received and the identification information of the latest routing control packet that the active routing module received.

5. The packet forwarding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the routing module operating as the active has means for sending a response packet to the sender of said internal control packet in response to receiving the internal control packet, and

the routing module operating as the standby is provided with means for switching its operation mode to active and the active routing module to standby when it has failed to receive the response packet from the active routing module within a predetermined time period after sending the internal control packet.

6. The packet forwarding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the routing module operating as the active has means for executing routing control information processing in accordance with said routing protocol and transmitting a routing control packet to another node apparatus on the communication network upon occurrence of a predefined event, and means for sending an internal control packet including independent control information applied to the routing control packet to said standby routing module, and

the routing module operating as standby has means for executing routing control information processing in accordance with said routing protocol upon occurrence of a predefined event, and means for replacing independent control information generated by itself with the independent control information specified in the internal control packet received from the active routing module, thereby to process, when receiving a response packet from another node apparatus on the communication network, the response packet by applying the independent control information replaced.

7. The packet forwarding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein

the routing module operating as the standby has means for switching its operation mode to active and the active routing module to standby when it has failed to receive the internal control packet having said independent control information from said active routing module within a predetermined time period after executing said routing control information processing upon occurrence of a predefined event.

8. The packet forwarding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

one of said routing modules includes a plurality of routing control processing routines to be executed by a processor and constitutes at least two redundant virtual routing control entities by associating each of said routing control processing routines with a routing control routine to be executed by a processor on another routing module,

each of said interface modules has means for adding to a routing control packet received from the communication network an identifier of a virtual network to which the routing control packet belongs, and

each of said routing modules executes routing control information processing in response to receiving the routing control packet by using routing control processing routine constituting the virtual routing control, entity corresponding to the virtual network identifier.

9. A packet forwarding apparatus provided with a function to communicate routing control information with another node apparatus on a communication network according to a specific protocol, said packet forwarding apparatus comprising:

a plurality of interface modules, each of which is connected to input and output lines of a communication network;

at least two routing modules capable of switching their operation modes between active and standby modes, one of which operates as an active routing module, while the remaining operating as standby;

a node controller; and

an internal switching unit for exchanging packets among said interface modules, said node controller and said routing modules, wherein

each of said interface modules has means for forwarding a routing control packet received from the communication network to said node controller,

said node controller has means for forwarding the routing control packet to both said active and standby routing modules

said routing module operating as standby has means for executing routing control information processing in accordance with said protocol in response to receiving said routing control packet, and means for sending an internal control packet including identification information of said routing control packet to said active routing module, and

said routing module operating as the active has means for executing routing control information processing in accordance with said protocol in response to receiving said routing control packet and returning a response packet to a sender of said routing control packet, and means for determining a state of said standby routing module depending on whether the internal control packet has been received and its contents.