Use of precedence bits for quality of service

• US 7,408,940 B2
• Filed: 12/28/2004
• Issued: 08/05/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 12/16/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Chu, Jie, Lou, Shuxian, Dos Santos, Maria Alice, Zhang, Shujin, Jin, Jane Jiaying
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham; Chi
• Assistant Examiner(s): TRAN, PHUC H
• Application Number:
  US11/024,589
• Publication Number:
  US 20050111360A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,316 Days
• Field of Search: 370/230, 370/389, 370/391, 370/395, 370/400, 370/401, 370/398.2, 709/220, 709/223
• US Class Current: 370/395.21
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2408 for supporting different services, e.g. a differentiated services [DiffServ] type of service
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/70 Admission control; Resource allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/805 QOS or priority aware
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/808 User-type aware
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/14 Session management for real-time applications in data packet communications networks H04L65/1066
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/306 User profiles
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/61 taking into account QoS or priority requirements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/16 Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/161 Implementation details of TCP/IP or UDP/IP stack architecture; Specification of modified or new header fields
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/24 Negotiation of communication capabilities
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/329 in the application layer [OSI layer 7]

Abstract

Certain bits of a packet, such as bits in the IP header of an IP packet, are used to designate the type of service or Quality of Service (QoS) level to be afforded to the packet as it passes through a data communications network. A user entitled to a certain QoS level logs into a service selection gateway SSG. The SSG queries an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server in response to a log-in attempt by the user. Upon authorization, the AAA server returns an access accept signal in addition to an indication from the user'"'"'s service profile (user profile) as to the QoS level to be afforded the user. While the user is logged in, all packets are routed through the SSG. The SSG sets the certain bits of the packet in accordance with the user'"'"'s assigned QoS level so that as the packets are routed through the data communications network, they are consistently afforded the assigned Quality of Service level. In another aspect of the invention, on-demand QoS may be provided by the SSG and accounted for by communications with the AAA server.

Claims

1. A method for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the method comprising:

obtaining a user service profile including a QoS level for the user in response to a user log-in attempt to a service selection gateway (SSG), the QoS level being associated with the user regardless of a point of presence (PoP) at which the user attempts to log in;

routing all packets originated by the user through the SSG during a session;

setting, in the SSG, the QoS bits of packets originated by the user in accordance with the QoS level for the user; and

passing, after the QoS bits have been set, the packets on to the data communications network.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein all packets transmitted by the user have QoS bits set in accordance with QoS level for the user.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

storing the QoS level in a local memory associated with the user.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

sending the user log-in attempt to the SSG either directly or via an intermediate server.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the intermediate server is a network access server (NAS).

6. A method for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the method comprising:

initiating a request to an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server in response to the user'"'"'s attempt to log in;

receiving, from the AAA server, a user service profile corresponding to the user, the user service profile including a Quality of Service field indicating a QoS level associated with the user regardless of a point of presence (PoP) at which the user attempts to log in; and

using the Quality of Service field to set the QoS bits within the packets transmitted by the user.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein all packets transmitted by the user have QoS bits set in accordance with the Quality of Service field of the user.

8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

storing the QoS level in a local memory associated with the user.

9. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

sending the user log-in attempt to the SSG either directly or via an intermediate server.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the intermediate server is a network access server (NAS).

11. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

tracking the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level; and

sending to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

12. A method for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the method comprising:

receiving, at a service selection gateway (SSG) to which the user is in communication, a request from the user to assign a particular QoS level to at least one packet flow transmitted by the user;

assigning, in response to the request, a QoS level to the at least one packet flow and applying in the assigned QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs out;

setting the QoS bits within the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow received at the SSG in accordance with the assigned QoS level; and

transmitting the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow to the data communications network.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein all of the packets of the at least one packet flow are IP packets.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

communicating between the service selection gateway and an AAA server the request.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

providing with the user with a menu to select a QoS level using an application program.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein the receiving comprises:

receiving a command from the user.

17. The method of claim 12, further comparing:

tracking the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level; and

sending to an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session are assigned the requested QoS level.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session of a particular protocol type are assigned the requested QoS level.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session to or from a particular Layer 4 port are assigned the requested level.

21. An apparatus for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the apparatus comprising:

a service selection gateway (SSG) in communication with the user, the SSG receiving a user service profile including a QoS level in response to an attempt to log in by the user, the QoS level being associated with the user regardless of the point of presence (PoP) at which the user attempts to log in; and

a packet modifier associated with the SSG, the packet modifier modifying the QoS bits of packets sent by the user to reflect the QoS level received for the user.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the packet modifier modifies all packets transmitted by the user to the data communications network via the SSG.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein all modified packets are IP packets.

24. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the packet modifier modifies packets belonging to at least one flow of packets transmitted by the user to the data communications network via the SSG.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein all modified packets are IP packets.

26. An apparatus for setting Quality of Service (QoS) indicator bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the apparatus comprising:

a service selection gateway (SSG) in communication with the user and the data communications network; and

a packet modifier associated with the SSG, responsive to a QoS request from the user to assign a particular QoS level, setting, in accordance with the requested QoS level, a QoS bit field of packets sent by the user to the data communications network via the SSG, wherein the packet modifier applies the assigned QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs out.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the QoS bit field is set to a value specified in the QoS request.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the QoS bit field is set for all packets sent by the user to the data communications network via the SSG.

29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the QoS bit field is set for all packets sent by the user to the data communications network via the SSG which packets belong to at least one packet flow specified in the QoS request.

30. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the SSG is configured to receive the QoS request from an application program configured to provide the user with a menu to select a QoS level.

31. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the SSG is configured to receive the QoS request as a command sent directly from the user.

32. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the packet modifier is configured to apply the assigned QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs out.

33. A system for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the system comprising:

an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server maintaining a user service profile including a QoS level for the user;

a service selection gateway (SSG) in communication with the user and the AAA server, the SSG receiving the user profile of the user in response to the user'"'"'s attempt to log in; and

a packet modifier associated with the SSG, the packet modifier modifying the QoS bits of packets sent by the user to reflect the QoS level specified in the received user profile.

34. The system of claim 33, wherein the QoS level is associated with the user regardless of a point of presence (PoP) at which the user attempts to log in.

35. A system for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the system comprising:

an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server maintaining a user profile;

a service selection gateway (SSG) in communication with the user and the AAA server, the SSG configured to receive a QoS request by the user to assign a particular QoS level to at least one packet flow transmitted by the user; and

a packet modifier associated with the SSG, the packet modifier configured to modify the QoS bits of packets sent by the user to reflect the requested QoS level.

36. The system of claim 35, wherein the SSG is configured to receive the QoS request sent via an application program providing with the user with a menu to select a QoS level.

37. The system of claim 35, wherein the SSG is configured to receive a command to set a QoS level directly from the user.

38. The system of claim 35, wherein the packet modifier is configured to apply the particular QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs-out.

39. The system of claim 35, wherein the SSG is configured to track the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level, and send to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

40. A method for implementing Quality of Service (QoS) levels in a data communications network, the method comprising:

maintaining, in an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server, a user service profile including a QoS level associated with a user;

obtaining the user service profile from the AAA server in response to a user log-in attempt to a service selection gateway (SSG);

routing all packets originated by the user through the SSG during a session;

setting, in the SSG, QoS bits of the packets originated from the user in accordance with the QoS level for the user; and

passing, after the QoS bits have been set, the packets on to the data communications network.

41. The method of claim 40, further comprising:

modifying a QoS field of the user service profile in response to a request from the user so as to modify the QoS level associated with the user.

42. The method of claim 40, further comprising:

tracking the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level; and

sending to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

43. A method for implementing Quality of Service (QoS) levels in a data communications network, the method comprising:

maintaining, in an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server, a user service profile including information regarding a QoS level associated with a user;

receiving, at a service selection gateway (SSG) to which the user is in communication, a request from the user to assign a particular QoS level to at least one packet flow transmitted by the user;

assigning, in response to the request, the QoS level to the at least one packet flow in a session;

setting QoS bits within packets belonging to the at least one packet flow received at the SSG in accordance with the assigned QoS level;

transmitting the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow to the data communications network; and

sending to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

44. The method of claim 43, further comprising:

applying the particular QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs out.

45. The method of claim 43, wherein the at least one packet flow is user-selected.

46. The method of claim 43, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session are assigned with the requested QoS level.

47. The method of claim 43, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session of a particular protocol type are assigned with the requested QoS level.

48. The method of claim 43, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session to or from a particular Layer 4 port are assigned with the requested QoS level.

49. The method of claim 43, further comprising:

providing with the user a menu to select a QoS level using an application program.

50. The method of claim 43, wherein the receiving comprises:

receiving a command directly from the user.

51. A method for implementing Quality of Service (QoS) levels in a data communications network, the method comprising:

establishing a user service profile including a QoS level associated with a user;

maintaining the user service profile in an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server;

obtaining the user service profile from the AAA server in response to a user log-in attempt to a service selection gateway (SSG);

setting, in the SSG, QoS bits of the packets originated from the user in accordance with the QoS level for the user;

routing, after the QoS bits have been set, the packets on to the data communications network;

sending to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network; and

charging the user in accordance with the use of the QoS level.

52. A method in accordance with claim 51, further comprising:

modifying a QoS field of the user service profile in response to a request from the user so as to modify the QoS level associated with the user.

53. A method for implementing Quality of Service (QoS) levels in a data communications network, the method comprising:

establishing a user service profile including information regarding a QoS level associated with a user;

maintaining the user service profile in an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server;

receiving, at a service selection gateway (SSG) to which a user is in communication, a request from the user to assign a particular QoS level to at least one packet flow transmitted by the user;

assigning, in response to the request, the QoS level to the at least one packet flow in a session;

setting QoS bits within packets belonging to the at least one packet flow received at the SSG in accordance with the assigned QoS level;

transmitting the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow to the data communications network;

sending to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network; and

charging the user in accordance with the use of the QoS level.

54. The method of claim 53, further comprising:

applying the particular QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs out.

55. The method of claim 53, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session are assigned the requested QoS level.

56. The method of claim 53, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session of a particular protocol type are assigned the requested QoS level.

57. The method of claim 53, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session to or from a particular Layer 4 port are assigned the requested QoS level.

58. The method of claim 53, further comprising:

providing the user with a menu to select a QoS level using an application program.

59. The method of claim 53, wherein the receiving comprises:

receiving a command directly from the user.

60. An apparatus for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the apparatus comprising:

means for obtaining a user service profile including a QoS level for the user in response to a user log-in attempt to a service selection gateway (SSG), the QoS level being associated with the user;

means for routing all packets originated by the user through the SSG during a session;

means for setting, in the SSG, the QoS bits of packets originated by the user in accordance with the QoS level for the user; and

means for passing after the QoS bits have been set, the packets on to the data communications network.

61. The apparatus of claim 60, wherein the QoS level is associated with the user regardless of a point of presence (PoP) at which the user attempts to log in.

62. An apparatus for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the apparatus comprising:

means for initiating a request to an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server in response to the user'"'"'s attempt to log in;

means for receiving, from the AAA server, a user service profile corresponding to the user, the user service profile including a Quality of Service field; and

means for using the Quality of Service field to set the QoS bits within the packets transmitted by the user.

63. The apparatus of claim 62, wherein the QoS level is associated with the user regardless of a point of presence (PoP) at which the user attempts to log in.

64. The apparatus of claim 62, further comparing:

means for tracking the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level; and

means for sending to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

65. An apparatus for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the apparatus comprising:

means for receiving, at a service selection gateway (SSG) to which the user is in communication, a request from the user to assign a particular QoS level to at least one packet flow transmitted by the user;

means for assigning, in response to the request, a QoS level to the at least one packet flow;

means for setting the QoS bits within the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow received at the SSG in accordance with the assigned QoS level; and

means for transmitting the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow to the data communications network.

66. The apparatus of claim 65, wherein the means for receiving comprises:

means for receiving the QoS request via an application program providing the user with a menu to select a QoS level.

67. The apparatus of claim 65, wherein the means for receiving comprises:

means for receiving a command directly from the user.

68. The apparatus of claim 65, further comprising:

means for applying the particular QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs out.

69. The apparatus of claim 65, further comprising:

means for tracking the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level; and

means for sending to an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

70. The apparatus of claim 69, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session are assigned the requested QoS level.

71. The apparatus of claim 69, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session of a particular protocol type are assigned the requested QoS level.

72. The apparatus of claim 69, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session to or from a particular Layer 4 port are assigned the requested QoS level.

73. The apparatus of claim 65, further comprising:

means for communicating the request between the service selection gateway and an AAA server.

74. An apparatus for implementing Quality of Service (QoS) levels in a data communications network, the apparatus comprising:

means for maintaining, in an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server, a user service profile including a QoS level associated with a user;

means for obtaining the user service profile from the AAA server in response to a user log-in attempt to a service selection gateway (SSG);

means for routing all packets originated by the user through the SSG during a session;

means for setting, in the SSG, QoS bits of the packets originated from the user in accordance with the QoS level for the user; and

means for passing, after the QoS bits have been set, the packets on to the data communications network.

75. The apparatus of claim 74, further comprising:

means for modifying a QoS of filed the user service profile in response to a request from the user so as to modify the QoS level associated with the user.

76. The apparatus of claim 74, further comprising:

means for tracking the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level; and

means for sending to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

77. An apparatus for implementing Quality of Service (QoS) levels in a data communications network, the apparatus comprising:

means for maintaining, in an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server, a user service profile including information regarding a QoS level associated with a user;

means for receiving, at a service selection gateway (SSG) to which the user is in communication, a request from the user to assign a particular QoS level to at least one packet flow transmitted by the user;

means for assigning, in response to the request, the QoS level to the at least one packet flow in a session;

means for setting QoS bits within packets belonging to the at least one packet flow received at the SSG in accordance with the assigned QoS level;

means for transmitting the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow to the data communications network; and

means for sending to the AAA server accounting packets having information on the user'"'"'s use of the QoS level within the data communications network.

78. The apparatus of claim 77, further comprising:

means for applying the particular QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs out.

79. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein the at least one packet flow is user-selected.

80. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session are assigned the requested QoS level.

81. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session of a particular protocol type are assigned the requested QoS level.

82. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein all packets sent by the user during a session to or from a particular Layer 4 port are assigned the requested QoS level.

83. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein the means for receiving comprises:

means for receiving the QoS request via an application program providing the user with a menu to select a QoS level.

84. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein the means for receiving comprises:

means for receiving a command directly from the user.

85. A program storage device readable by a machine, tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the machine to perform a method for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the method comprising:

obtaining a user service profile including a QoS level for the user in response to a user log-in attempt to a service selection gateway (SSG), the QoS level being associated with the user regardless of a point of presence (PoP) at which the user attempts to log in;

routing all packets originated by the user through the SSG during a session;

setting, in the SSG, the QoS bits of packets originated by the user in accordance with the QoS level for the user; and

passing, after the QoS bits have been set, the packets on to the data communications network.

86. A program storage device readable by a machine, tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the machine to perform a method for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the method comprising:

initiating a request to an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server in response to the user'"'"'s attempt to log in;

receiving, from the AAA server, a user service profile corresponding to the user, the user service profile including a Quality of Service field indicating a QoS level associated with the user regardless of a point of presence (PoP) at which the user attempts to log in; and

using the Quality of Service field to set, the QoS bits within the packets transmitted by the user.

87. A program storage device readable by a machine, tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the machine to perform a method for setting Quality of Service (QoS) bits of packets sent by a user of a data communications network, the method comprising:

receiving, at a service selection gateway (SSG) to which the user is in communication, a request from the user to assign a particular QoS level to at least one packet flow transmitted by the user;

assigning, in response to the request, a QoS level to the at least one packet flow and applying the assigned QoS level until either the user requests another QoS level to use or the user logs out;

setting the QoS bits within the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow received at the SSG in accordance with the assigned QoS level; and

transmitting the packets belonging to the at least one packet flow to the data communications network.