Apparatus and method for striking a fluorescent lamp

• US 7,411,360 B2
• Filed: 10/05/2007
• Issued: 08/12/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 12/13/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsemi Corporation (Microchip Technology Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Microsemi Corporation (Microchip Technology Incorporated)
• Inventors: Henry, George C.
• Primary Examiner(s): VO, TUYET THI
• Application Number:
  US11/868,229
• Publication Number:
  US 20080024075A1
• Time in Patent Office: 312 Days
• Field of Search: 315/291, 315/307, 315/224, 315/225, 315/DIG.5, 315/DIG.7
• US Class Current: 315/307
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/2822 using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/2824 using control circuits for the switching element H05B41/2822 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/2855 against abnormal lamp operating conditions
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/382 during the transitional start-up phase
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/3927 by pulse width modulation H05B41/3922 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 315/07 Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Abstract

A lamp inverter with continuous strike voltage facilitates faster striking of a fluorescent lamp, especially at cold temperatures. A frequency sweep generator sweeps the frequency of the lamp inverter to a striking frequency corresponding to a striking lamp voltage and then maintains the striking frequency until the lamp strikes.

Claims

1. A controller for an inverter that powers a fluorescent lamp, the controller comprising:

a first input terminal configured to receive a voltage feedback signal indicative of an AC output voltage provided to the fluorescent lamp;

a second input terminal configured to receive a current feedback signal indicative of an AC lamp current conducted by the fluorescent lamp, wherein the fluorescent lamp is considered lit when a predetermined number of consecutive periodic cycles in the AC lamp current exceed a predefined amplitude and is otherwise considered unlit during a strike mode to ignite the fluorescent lamp;

an output terminal configured to provide a driving signal to a switching circuit that generates the AC output voltage from a DC input source;

a strike circuit configured to generate a timing signal based on the voltage feedback signal and the current feedback signal to control a frequency of the driving signal, wherein the timing signal varies the frequency of the driving signal to increase the AC output voltage when the voltage feedback signal indicates that the AC output voltage is less than a predefined striking level and the fluorescent lamp is considered unlit, holds the frequency of the driving signal at a substantially constant strike frequency associated with the AC output voltage reaching the predefined striking level while the fluorescent lamp is considered unlit, and shifts the frequency of the driving signal to a normal operating frequency that is different from the substantially constant strike frequency when the fluorescent lamp is considered lit; and

a driver circuit configured to generate the driving signal based at least in part on the timing signal.

2. The controller of claim 1, wherein the strike circuit is further configured to generate a fault signal to disable the driving signal when the frequency of the driving signal is held at the substantially constant strike frequency for longer than a predetermined duration.

3. The controller of claim 1, wherein the driver circuit comprises an oscillator and the timing signal is a control signal provided to an input of the oscillator.

4. The controller of claim 1, wherein the driver circuit comprises a pulse width modulator to vary a pulse width of the driving signal.

5. The controller of claim 1, wherein the substantially constant strike frequency is higher than the normal operating frequency.

6. The controller of claim 1, wherein the substantially constant strike frequency is lower than the normal operating frequency.

7. The controller of claim 1, wherein the AC output voltage has approximately the predefined striking level when the frequency of the driving signal is at the substantially constant strike frequency.

8. The controller of claim 1, wherein the strike circuit comprises:

a first comparator circuit configured to receive the voltage feedback signal and to generate a first logic signal that has a first state when the voltage feedback signal has an amplitude that is less than a predefined comparison level and has a second state when the voltage feedback signal has an amplitude that is greater than the predefined comparison level, wherein the voltage feedback signal has an amplitude that is approximately equal to the predefined comparison level when the AC output voltage reaches the predefined striking level;

a second comparator circuit configured to receive the current feedback signal and to generate a second logic signal that has a pulse when the current feedback signal crosses a predefined threshold;

a strike detector circuit configured to monitor the second logic signal and to output a strike detect signal to indicate that the fluorescent lamp is lit when the second logic signal has at least a predetermined number of consecutive pulses; and

a timing generator circuit configured to generate the timing signal based at least in part on the first logic signal and the strike detect signal.

9. The controller of claim 8, wherein the strike circuit further comprises a fault detector circuit configured to determine a fault condition based on the first logic signal and the strike detect signal and to generate a fault signal to disable the driving signal in response to the fault condition.

10. The controller of claim 9, wherein the fault detector circuit comprises a timer that starts when the first logic signal transitions from the first state to the second state and expires after a predetermined time interval, and the fault condition is determined when the timer expires before the strike detect signal indicates that the fluorescent lamp is lit.

11. The controller of claim 8, wherein the first comparator circuit comprises:

a full-wave rectifier configured to receive the voltage feedback signal and to generate an intermediate feedback voltage reflective of the amplitude of the voltage feedback signal; and

a voltage comparator configured to compare the intermediate feedback voltage with a comparison voltage associated with the predefined comparison level to generate the first logic signal.

12. The controller of claim 8, wherein the second comparator circuit comprises:

a current limiting resistor with a first terminal coupled to the current feedback signal and a second terminal coupled to an intermediate node;

a clamping diode coupled between the intermediate node and a reference potential;

a voltage comparator configured to output the second logic signal; and

a threshold voltage coupled between the intermediate node and an input of the voltage comparator.

13. The controller of claim 8, wherein the timing generator circuit comprises an oscillator, the driver circuit comprises a pulse width modulator, and the timing signal is a periodic ramp signal that is provided to the pulse width modulator.

14. A method to control striking of a fluorescent lamp, the method comprising:

monitoring an AC output voltage across the fluorescent lamp;

determining whether the fluorescent lamp is lit based on an AC lamp current conducted by the fluorescent lamp, wherein the fluorescent lamp is considered unlit when the AC lamp current is less than a predetermine amplitude and is considered lit when the AC lamp current exceeds the predetermine amplitude for a predetermined number of consecutive cycles;

sweeping a frequency of a driving signal from an initial frequency to a striking frequency to increase the AC output voltage when the fluorescent lamp is unlit and the AC output voltage is less than a predefined level, wherein the AC output voltage has approximately the predefine level when the frequency of the driving signal is at the striking frequency;

maintaining the frequency of the driving signal at the striking frequency until either the fluorescent lamp is considered lit or a time-out period expires; and

changing the frequency of the driving signal from the strike frequency to a run frequency if the fluorescent lamp is considered lit, wherein the run frequency is different from striking frequency.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising disabling the driving signal if the time-out period expires before the fluorescent lamp is considered lit.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the initial frequency and the run frequency are substantially similar and predetermined.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the initial frequency is lower than the striking frequency.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the initial frequency is higher than the striking frequency.

19. An inverter controller comprising:

means for tracking an AC output voltage;

means for tracking an AC output current;

means for varying a frequency of a driving signal to increase the AC output voltage when the AC output voltage is less than a predefined level and the AC output current is less than a predefined amplitude;

means for locking the frequency of the driving signal to a substantially constant locked frequency when the AC output voltage reaches the predefined level and the AC output current is less than the predefined amplitude; and

means for changing the frequency of the driving signal from the substantially constant locked frequency to a normal operating frequency when the AC output current is greater than the predefined amplitude for at least a predetermined number of consecutive cycles, wherein the normal operating frequency is different from the substantially constant locked frequency.

20. The inverter controller of claim 19, further comprising means for indicating a fault condition to disable the driving signal when the frequency of the driving signal is locked to the substantially constant locked frequency for longer than a predefined time period.