Damping control in a three-phase motor with a single current sensor

• US 7,414,425 B2
• Filed: 05/10/2004
• Issued: 08/19/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 05/10/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Continental Automotive Systems, Inc. (Continental AG)
• Original Assignee: Temic Automotive of North America, Incorporated (Continental AG)
• Inventors: O'Gorman, Patrick A., Repplinger, Scott W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Ha
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chan; Emily Y
• Application Number:
  US10/842,358
• Publication Number:
  US 20050248361A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,562 Days
• Field of Search: 324/127, 324/117.R, 324/117.H, 324/772, 324/142, 702/64, 318/71, 318/810, 318/811, 318/696
• US Class Current: 324/765.01
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0009 Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/5395 by pulse-width modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 23/04 specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 3/22 by short-circuit or resistive braking

Abstract

While a PWM-controlled, FET-switched three-phase motor is operating in a mechanical damping mode, a single current sensor is used to measure current in the motor. When mechanical feedback into the motor exceeds a predetermined threshold, a bank of the FET switches can be closed to provide damping of the mechanical feedback. This causes currents to circulate within the motor, which an external single current sensor cannot measure to determine current load or when the mechanical feedback is no longer a problem. The present invention periodically switches selected switches necessary to sample the current in at least one phase of the motor to determine when the mechanical feedback into the motor is no longer a problem, while preferably also maintaining an average zero voltage vector.

Claims

1. A method for measuring current by a sensor in a three-phase motor operating in a damping mode, drive current to the three-phase motor switched by an upper bank of switches and a lower bank of switches controlled by a plurality of pulse width modulation signals, the method comprising the steps of:

determining when mechanical feedback into the motor exceeds a predetermined threshold;

closing all of the switches of one of the upper and lower bank of switches to provide damping of the mechanical feedback;

after the closing step, periodically switching selected switches necessary to measure the current in at least one phase of the motor;

sampling the current of the phase selected in the switching step by the sensor;

repeating the switching and sampling steps until the sampled current in the sampling step indicates that the mechanical feedback into the motor has fallen below the predetermined threshold; and

exiting the damping mode.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected switches in the switching step are chosen in repeated steps such that an average vector voltage of the motor is substantially zero.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected switches in the switching step are chosen in repeated steps such that positive and negative vector voltages of one phase of the motor are sampled in the subsequent sampling steps wherein an average vector voltage of the motor is substantially zero.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected switches in the switching step are chosen in repeated steps such that positive and negative vector voltages of each phase of the motor are sampled in the subsequent sampling steps wherein an average vector voltage of the motor is substantially zero.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein after the sampling step, further comprising a step of resetting the switches to their previous states before the switching step directly after the sampling step has obtained a current sample.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein after the sampling step further comprising the step of opening all of the switches until the next switching step such that the switches act as rectifiers dumping current back to a power source while maintaining damping current.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the opening step includes rotating the opening of either of the upper and lower bank of switches in order to distribute the heat between the two switch banks.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the switching step occurs earlier within a PWM period during an overcurrent condition.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the switching and sampling steps are repeated for each positive and negative voltage vector for each phase of the motor before exiting the damping mode, and wherein the switching step occurs earlier within a PWM period during an overcurrent condition and occurs later within a PWM period after an overcurrent condition.

10. A method for measuring current by a sensor in a three-phase motor operating in a damping mode, drive current to the three-phase motor switched by an upper bank of switches and a lower bank of switches controlled by a plurality of pulse width modulation signals, the method comprising the steps of:

determining when mechanical feedback into the motor exceeds a predetermined threshold;

closing all of the switches of one of the upper and lower bank of switches to provide damping of the mechanical feedback;

after the closing step, switching selected first switches necessary to measure a first current in at least one phase winding of the motor at a positive voltage vector;

sampling the first current by the sensor;

further switching selected second switches necessary to measure a second current in the at least one phase winding of the motor at a negative voltage vector;

sampling the second current by the sensor;

repeating the switching and sampling steps such that an average vector voltage of the motor is substantially zero and until the sampled current in the sampling step indicates that the mechanical feedback into the motor has fallen below the predetermined threshold; and

exiting the damping mode.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein after each sampling step, further comprising respective steps of resetting the switches to their previous states before the switching step directly after the sampling step has obtained a current sample.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the switches are field effect transistors, and wherein after the sampling step further comprising the step of opening all the switches until the next switching step such that the switches act as rectifiers dumping current back to a power source while maintaining damping current.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein after each repeating step the switching step occurs earlier within a PWM period during an overcurrent condition.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the switching and sampling steps are repeated for each phase of the motor before exiting the damping mode, and wherein after each repeating step the switching step occurs earlier within a PWM period during an overcurrent condition and occurs later within a PWM period after an overcurrent condition.

15. An apparatus for measuring current by a sensor in a three-phase motor operating in a damping mode, the apparatus comprising:

an upper bank of switches and a lower bank of switches controlled by a plurality of pulse width modulation signals; and

a controller coupled to the switches to provide the pulse width modulation signals for controlling the switches, the controller operable to receive a current measurement signal from the sensor,

the sensor operable to measure current in each phase of the motor, the controller operable to input the signal from the sensor to determine when mechanical feedback into the motor exceeds a predetermined threshold, whereupon the controller closes all of the switches of one of the upper and lower bank of switches to provide damping of the mechanical feedback, and

wherein after the controller closes all of the switches of one of the upper and lower bank of switches to provide damping of the mechanical feedback, the controller operates to periodically switch selected switches necessary for the sensor and controller to measure the current in at least one phase of the motor, whereupon the sensor and controller sample the current of the phase selected and repeat the switching and sampling until the sampled current indicates that the mechanical feedback into the motor has fallen below the predetermined threshold, whereupon the apparatus exits the damping mode.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the controller is operable to select the switches to sample the current such that an average vector voltage of the motor is substantially zero.

17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the controller is operable to select the switches to sample the current such that positive and negative vector voltages of each phase of the motor are sampled wherein an average vector voltage of the motor is substantially zero.

18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the controller is operable to reset the switches to their previous states directly after a current sample has been obtained.

19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the switches are field effect transistors, and the controller is operable to open all of the switches until the next PWM cycle such that the switches act as rectifiers dumping current back to a power source during an overcurrent condition.

20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the controller is operable to switch the switches earlier within a PWM period during an overcurrent condition.

21. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the controller is operable to switch the switches for each positive and negative voltage vector for each phase of the motor before exiting the damping mode, and wherein the controller is operable to switch the switches earlier within a PWM period during an overcurrent condition and later within a PWM period after an overcurrent condition.