Switching power supply circuit

• US 7,423,887 B2
• Filed: 01/26/2006
• Issued: 09/09/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 02/04/2005
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Sony Corporation (Sony Group Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Sony Corporation (Sony Group Corp.)
• Inventors: Yasumura, Masayuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhane; Adolf
• Application Number:
  US11/341,271
• Publication Number:
  US 20060176714A1
• Time in Patent Office: 957 Days
• Field of Search: 363/20, 363/21.01, 363/21.02, 363/21.04, 363/21.08, 363/95, 363/97, 363/131
• US Class Current: 363/21.02
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33507 with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters H02M3/33561, H02M3/33569 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A voltage resonant converter is provided with a secondary side parallel resonant circuit, and an isolated converter transformer PIT is set in a state of loose coupling at a coupling coefficient k=about 0.7 or lower. Thus a steep unimodal characteristic is obtained as a constant-voltage control characteristic to reduce a control range of switching frequency which range is necessary for stabilization. A primary side parallel resonance frequency fo1 and a secondary side parallel resonance frequency fo2 are set so as to obtain favorable power conversion efficiency characteristics.

Claims

1. A switching power supply circuit, comprising:

primary side rectifying and smoothing means for obtaining a direct-current input voltage by rectifying and smoothing an alternating input voltage;

switching means formed with a switching device supplied with the direct-current input voltage and operable to perform a switching operation;

switching-driving means for switching-driving said switching device;

an isolated converter transformer having an EE type core formed of at least two E-shaped cores of ferrite material arranged to face each other such that each leg of a first E-shaped core has an end that faces an end of a corresponding leg of a second E-shaped core, the end of a central leg of said first E-shaped core and the end of a central leg of said second E-shaped core being spaced apart from each other, a primary winding wound around a central leg of said first E-shaped core and being supplied with a switching output obtained by the switching operation of said switching means, and a secondary winding wound around a central leg of said second E-shaped core and in which an alternating voltage is induced by the switching output obtained in said primary winding;

a primary side parallel resonant circuit formed of at least a leakage inductance component of said primary winding of said isolated converter transformer and a capacitance of a primary side parallel resonant capacitor, said primary side parallel resonant circuit causing said switching means to have a voltage resonant type operation;

a secondary side parallel resonant circuit formed of a leakage inductance component of said secondary winding of said isolated converter transformer and a capacitance of a secondary side parallel resonant capacitor connected in parallel with said secondary winding;

secondary side direct-current output voltage generating means for generating a secondary side direct-current output voltage, including;

means for rectifying the alternating voltage induced in said secondary winding of said isolated converter transformer to provide a rectified voltage, and

means for smoothing the rectified voltage using a secondary side smoothing capacitor; and

constant-voltage control means for substantially stabilizing the secondary side direct-current output voltage by varying switching frequency of said switching means by controlling said switching-driving means according to a secondary side direct-current output voltage level;

the width of the space between the end of said central leg of said first E-shaped core and the end of said central leg of said second E-shaped core, the number of turns of said primary winding, the number of turns of said secondary winding, the capacitance of the primary side parallel resonant capacitor, and the capacitance of the secondary side parallel resonant capacitor each being selected to provide a coupling coefficient between a primary side and a secondary side of said isolated converter transformer of about 0.7 or lower and a resonant frequency of said primary side parallel resonant circuit of about 1.5 times a resonant frequency of said secondary side parallel resonant circuit so that a curve showing the secondary side direct-current output voltage level of said switching power supply circuit as a function of said switching frequency has a unimodal characteristic and has a narrower necessary control range of switching frequency than a necessary control range of switching frequency for an analogous further switching power supply circuit in which a width of a space between an end of a central leg of a first E-shaped core and an end of a central leg of a second E-shaped core, a number of turns of a primary winding, a number of turns of a secondary winding, a capacitance of a primary side parallel resonant capacitor, and a capacitance of a secondary side parallel resonant capacitor are each selected to provide a coupling coefficient between a primary side and a secondary side of an isolated converter transformer of about 0.81 and a resonant frequency of a primary side parallel resonant circuit of about 1.07 times a resonant frequency of a secondary side parallel resonant circuit, the necessary control range of switching frequency being a range between a lowest switching frequency for controlling a maximum load at a lowest alternating input voltage and a highest switching frequency for controlling a minimum load at a highest alternating input voltage.

2. The switching power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein said means for rectifying includes a bridge full-wave rectifier circuit that includes a first rectifier diode having an anode connected to a first end of said secondary winding and a cathode connected to said positive electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor, a second rectifier diode having a cathode connected to said first end of said secondary winding and to said anode of said first rectifier diode and an anode connected to a secondary side ground, a third rectifier diode having an anode connected to a second end of said secondary winding and a cathode connected to said positive electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor, and a fourth rectifier diode having a cathode connected to said second end of said secondary winding and an anode connected to the secondary side ground, a negative electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor being connected to the secondary side ground.

3. The switching power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein a center tap divides said secondary winding into two substantially equal parts and is connected to a secondary side ground, a negative electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor is connected to the secondary side ground, and said means for rectifying includes a double-wave rectifier circuit that includes a first rectifier diode having an anode connected to a first end of said secondary winding and a cathode connected to a positive electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor, and a second rectifier diode having an anode connected to a second end of said secondary winding and a cathode connected to said positive electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor.

4. The switching power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein said means for smoothing includes a first secondary side smoothing capacitor and a second secondary side smoothing capacitor connected in series such that a negative electrode terminal of said first secondary side smoothing capacitor is connected to a positive electrode terminal of said second secondary side smoothing capacitor and to a first end of said secondary winding, and said means for rectifying includes a voltage doubler rectifier circuit that includes a first rectifier diode having an anode connected to a second end of said secondary winding and a cathode connected to a positive electrode terminal of said first secondary side smoothing capacitor, and a second rectifier diode having an anode connected to said second end of said secondary winding and a cathode connected to a secondary side ground, a negative electrode terminal of said second secondary side smoothing capacitor being connected to the secondary side ground.

5. The switching power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein a center tap divides said secondary winding into two substantially equal parts and is connected to a positive terminal of a further secondary side capacitor, and said means for rectifying includes a voltage doubler full-wave rectifier circuit that includes a first rectifier diode having an anode connected to a first end of said secondary winding and a cathode connected to said positive electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor, a second rectifier diode having a cathode connected to said first end of said secondary winding and to said anode of said first rectifier diode and an anode connected to a negative terminal of said further secondary side capacitor and to a secondary side ground, a third rectifier diode having an anode connected to a second end of said secondary winding and a cathode connected to said positive electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor, and a fourth rectifier diode having a cathode connected to said second end of said secondary winding and an anode connected to said negative terminal of said further secondary side capacitor and to the secondary side ground, a negative electrode terminal of said secondary side smoothing capacitor being connected to the secondary side ground.