Method and system for fast acquisition of ultra-wideband signals

• US 7,426,233 B2
• Filed: 08/02/2005
• Issued: 09/16/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Humatics Corporation
• Original Assignee: Time Domain Corporation (Humatics Corporation)
• Inventors: Richards, James L., Fullerton, Larry W., Roberts, Mark D., Cowie, Ivan A., Stanley, Randall S., Welch, William D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ha; Dac V
• Application Number:
  US11/195,402
• Publication Number:
  US 20060088082A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,141 Days
• Field of Search: 375/150, 375/256, 375365-368
• US Class Current: 375/150
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/71637 Receiver aspects H04B1/7183 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7183 Synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/719 Interference-related aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/6908 using time hopping

Abstract

A system and method are provided that can detect any part of a multipath impulse radio signal. More specifically, the method compares a template pulse train and the multipath impulse radio signal to obtain a comparison result. The system performs a threshold check on the comparison result. If the comparison result passes the threshold check, the system locks onto any part of the multipath impulse radio signal including a direct path part and at least one multipath reflection part. The system may also perform a quick check, a sychronization check, and/or a command check of the multipath impulse radio signal.

Claims

1. A method for detecting an ultra wideband signal, comprising the steps of:

(a) establishing a plurality of time offsets between a transmitter clock and a receiver clock in accordance with a search strategy;

(b) obtaining a received ultra wideband signal;

(c) comparing respective parameters of the received ultra wideband signal corresponding to the plurality of time offsets to an acceptance criterion; and

(d) if each respective parameter fails to meet the acceptance criterion, returning to step (a), and if any respective parameter meets the acceptance criterion, locking on the received ultra wideband signal in accordance with the time offset corresponding to the respective parameter that meets the acceptance criteria.

2. A method as in claim 1, wherein establishing a time offset between a transmitter clock and a receiver clock comprises shifting a template signal by an offset and by n lengths of the template signal, wherein n is a natural number and 1≦

n.

3. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is approximately ¼

of a wavelength of a pulse in the ultra wideband signal.

4. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is greater than approximately a correlation time of a pulse in the ultra wideband signal.

5. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is greater than approximately a wavelength of a pulse in the ultra wideband signal.

6. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is greater than approximately a time between two pulses in the ultra wideband signal.

7. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is determined by a fine step scanning process.

8. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is determined by a coarse step scanning process.

9. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is determined by a reverse binary scanning process.

10. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is determined by a random offset generating process.

11. A method as in claim 2, wherein the time offset is determined by a conical scanning process.

12. A method as in claim 1, wherein comparing respective parameters of the received ultra wideband signal corresponding to plurality of time offsets to an acceptance criterion comprises correlating and summing a template signal and the received ultra wideband signal to obtain a comparison result and comparing the comparison result to a threshold.

13. A method as in claim 12, wherein the template signal has a length of approximately one data bit of the received ultra wideband signal.

14. A method as in claim 12, wherein the template signal has a length greater than approximately one data bit of the received ultra wideband signal.

15. A method as in claim 12, wherein the template signal has a length less than approximately one data bit of the received ultra wideband signal.

16. A method as in claim 12, further comprising:

(e) performing a quick check using the template signal and additional received ultra wideband signal; and

if the additional received ultra wideband signal fails the quick check, returning to step (a).

17. A method as in claim 16, wherein performing the quick check comprises determining whether a parameter of the additional received ultra wideband signal meets the acceptance criterion via a repetition of steps (a)-(c).

18. A method as in claim 16, wherein performing the quick check comprises repeating steps (a)-(c) for the additional received ultra wideband signal until a summation result is greater than or equal to the threshold in step (c) X times or until steps (a)-(c) are repeated Y times, whichever occurs first, wherein X and Y are natural numbers and 1≦

X≦

Y.

19. A method as in claim 16, wherein performing the quick check comprises:

(e.1) shifting the template signal;

(e.2) obtaining the additional ultra wideband signal;

(e.3) comparing the template signal and the additional ultra wideband signal to obtain a comparison result;

(e.4) performing a threshold check on the comparison result; and

(e.5) repeating steps (e.1)-(e.4) until the comparison result passes the threshold check X times or until steps (e.1)-(e.4) are repeated Y times, whichever occurs first, wherein X and Y are natural numbers and 1≦

X≦

Y.

20. A method as in claim 16, wherein shifting the template signal comprises shifting the template signal by n lengths of the template signal, wherein n is a natural number and 1≦

n.

21. A method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of:

(f) performing a synchronization check of further received ultra wideband signal;

if the further received ultra wideband signal fails the synchronization check, returning to step (a); and

if the further received ultra wideband signal passes the synchronization check, obtaining acquisition data comprising synchronization data and command data.

22. A method as in claim 21, wherein the synchronization check comprises comparing the synchronization data with stored synchronization data.

23. A method as in claim 21, wherein the synchronization check comprises locating a beginning of the acquisition data.

24. A method as in claim 21, wherein the synchronization check comprises the steps of:

(f.1) obtaining an additional data bit of the ultra wideband signal;

(f.2) comparing Z latest data bits of the ultra wideband signal to stored synchronization data, wherein Z is a natural number and 0<

Z;

(f.3) if the Z latest data bits of the ultra wideband signal match the stored synchronization data, the further received ultra wideband signal passes the synchronization check;

(f.4) if the Z latest data bits of the ultra wideband signal do not match the stored synchronization data and if steps (f.1)-(f.2) have been performed V times, the further received ultra wideband signal fails the synchronization check, wherein V is a natural number and 1≦

Z≦

V; and

(f.5) if the Z latest data bits of the ultra wideband signal do not match the stored synchronization data, repeating steps (f.1)-(f.2).

25. A method as in claim 21, wherein the synchronization data comprises an error tolerant code.

26. A method as in claim 21, wherein the synchronization data comprises Stiffler code data.

27. A method as in claim 21, wherein the synchronization data has a length of approximately 32 data bits and the command data has a length of approximately 32 data bits.

28. A method as in claim 1, further comprising the step of:

(g) performing a command check of command data of the ultra wideband signal;

if the command data fails the command check, returning to step (a); and

if the command data passes the command check, acquiring the ultra wideband signal.

29. A method as in claim 28, wherein performing the command check comprises comparing at least a portion of the command data of the ultra wideband signal to stored command data.

30. A method as in claim 28, wherein the command data identifies at least one of a receiver receiving the ultra wideband signal and a transmitter transmitting the ultra wideband signal.

31. An apparatus for implementing the method of claim 1.

32. A method for detecting an ultra wideband signal, comprising the steps of:

(a) establishing a plurality of time offsets between a transmitter clock and a receiver clock in accordance with a search strategy;

(b) obtaining a received ultra wideband signal;

(c) comparing respective parameters of the received ultra wideband signal corresponding to the plurality of time offsets to an acceptance criterion and if each respective parameter fails to meet the acceptance criterion, returning to step (a); and

if any respective parameter meets the acceptance criteria (d) locking on the received ultra wideband signal in accordance with the time offset corresponding to the respective parameter that meets the acceptance criteria;

(e) performing a quick check using a template signal and additional received ultra wideband signal; and

if the additional received ultra wideband signal fails the quick check, returning to step (a);

(f) performing a synchronization check of further received ultra wideband signal;

if the further received ultra wideband signal fails the synchronization check, returning to step (a); and

if the further received ultra wideband signal passes the synchronization check, obtaining acquisition data comprising synchronization data and command data from the ultra wideband signal; and

(g) performing a command check of the command data;

if the command data fails the command check, returning to step (a); and

if the command data passes the command check, acquiring the ultra wideband signal.

33. A system for detecting an ultra wideband signal, comprising:

means for establishing a plurality of time offsets between a transmitter clock and a receiver clock in accordance with a search strategy;

means for obtaining a received ultra wideband signal;

means for comparing a respective parameter of the received ultra wideband signal corresponding to each of the plurality of time offsets to an acceptance criterion; and

means for locking on the received ultra wideband signal in accordance with the time offset corresponding to any respective parameter that meets the acceptance criteria.

34. A system as in claim 33, wherein the system further comprises means for performing a quick check using a template signal and additional received ultra wideband signal.

35. A system as in claim 33, wherein the system further comprises means for performing a synchronization check of further received ultra wideband signal.

36. A system as in claim 33, wherein the system further comprises means for performing a command check of command data of the ultra wideband signal.

37. A method for detecting an ultra wideband signal, said method comprising the steps of:

receiving the ultra wideband signal;

establishing a plurality of time offsets between a transmitter clock and a receiver clock in accordance with a search strategy; and

locking onto the ultra wideband signal when a respective parameter of the received ultra wideband signal corresponding to one of the plurality of time offsets meets an acceptance criterion.

38. The method as in claim 37, further comprising the steps of:

shifting a template signal by an offset when there fails to be a substantial match between the template signal and the received ultra wideband signal; and

locking onto any part of the ultra wideband signal when there is a substantial match between the shifted template signal and the received ultra wideband signal.

39. The method as in claim 37, wherein the plurality of time offsets are determined in accordance with a scanning process.

40. The method as in claim 39, wherein the scanning process comprises one of a fine step scanning process, a coarse step scanning process, a reverse N-ary scanning process, a frame step scanning process, a random offset scanning process, a pseudo noise offset scanning process, or a mixed binary scanning process.

41. The method as in claim 40, wherein said scanning process is optimized to avoid the shifting of the template signal to a backward scanning position if it is possible to shift the template signal to a forward scanning position.

42. The method as in claim 37, wherein a code which defines the template signal is shifted in a cyclic manner relative to the offset.

43. A method for detecting an ultra wideband signal, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) obtaining a received ultra wideband signal;

(b) comparing respective parameters of the received ultra wideband signal corresponding to a plurality of time offsets between a transmitter clock and a receiver clock to an acceptance criterion;

(c) locking onto the received ultra wideband signal if any respective parameter meets an acceptance criterion;

otherwise (d) establishing another plurality of time offsets between the transmitter clock and the receiver clock in accordance with a search strategy and repeating step (b).

44. The method as in claim 43, wherein meeting the acceptance criterion comprises passing a threshold check.

45. The method as in claim 43, wherein said search strategy comprises one of a fine step scanning process, a coarse step scanning process, a reverse N-ary scanning process, a frame step scanning process, a random offset scanning process, a pseudo noise offset scanning process, or a mixed binary scanning process.

46. The method as in claim 43, wherein said search strategy is optimized to avoid the shifting of the template signal to a backward scanning position if it is possible to shift the template signal to a forward scanning position.

47. The method of claim 43, wherein a scan position sequence order is optimized to minimize the total amount of delay time required during a scanning process.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein the scan position sequence order is determined by setting each scan position of each scan resolution level to an available scan position that is forward of the previous scan position.

49. The method as in claim 48, wherein said scanning process is performed using one or more receiving blocks.

50. The method of claim 43, wherein a scanning process is performed using a single receiving block.

51. The method of claim 43, wherein a scanning process is performed using two or more receiving blocks.

52. The method of claim 43, wherein a scanning process is determined in part based on an environment measurement.

53. The method of claim 43, wherein a scanning process is varied using one of an exclusive or-ing operation, a ones complement operation, a twos complement operation or a sequence order reversing operation.

54. The method of claim 43, wherein the parameter is determined by comparing an established threshold to a summation result produced by correlating each pulse of the template signal with the received ultra wideband signal to produce correlation results and integrating the correlation results.

55. The method of claim 43, wherein establishing a time offset between a transmitter clock and a receiver clock comprises delaying a template signal.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein the template signal is compared to a first portion of a first pulse train of the received ultra wideband signal and to a second portion of a second pulse train of the received ultra wideband signal in accordance with a received pulse train boundary based on a scan position, the second pulse train of the received ultra wideband signal immediately following the first pulse train of the received ultra wideband signal.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein a code that specifies pulse characteristics of the received ultra wideband signal is subdivided into a first code portion and a second code portion based on the scan position, the second code portion corresponding to the first portion of the first pulse train of the received ultra wideband signal and the first code portion corresponding to the second code portion of the second pulse train of the received ultra wideband signal, the second code portion defining the template signal from the start of a code period to a scan position, and the first code portion defining the template signal from the scan position to the end of the code period, said code period being defined relative to an initial time reference.

58. The method of claim 56, wherein the received pulse train boundary is a bit boundary.

59. The method of claim 58, wherein energy captured from one of the first portion of the first pulse train of the received ultra wideband signal and the second portion of the second pulse train of the received ultra wideband signal is inverted.

60. The method as in claim 43, further comprising the step of:

(e) performing, in parallel, steps (b) and (d) so as to decrease the time required to lock onto any part of the multipath ultra wideband signal.

61. The method as in claim 43, wherein comparing a parameter of the received ultra wideband signal to an acceptance criterion comprises correlating and summing the product of a template signal and the received ultra wideband signal to obtain the comparison result and comparing the comparison result to a threshold.

62. The method as in claim 43, further comprising:

(g) performing a quick check using the template signal and additional received ultra wideband signal.

63. The method as in claim 43, further comprising the step of:

(h) performing a synchronization check of additional received ultra wideband signal.

64. The method as in claim 43, further comprising the step of:

(i) performing a command check of command data of the received ultra wideband signal; and

(j) acquiring the received ultra wideband signal if the command data passes the command check.