Method and apparatus for quantizing pitch, amplitude, phase and linear spectrum of voiced speech

• US 7,426,466 B2
• Filed: 07/22/2004
• Issued: 09/16/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 04/24/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: DeJaco, Andrew P., Ananthapadmanabhan, Arasanipalai K., Huang, Pengjun, Manjunath, Sharath, Choy, Eddie-Lun Tik
• Primary Examiner(s): Hudspeth; Donald R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kovacek; David
• Application Number:
  US10/897,746
• Publication Number:
  US 20040260542A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,517 Days
• Field of Search: 704200-231, 704E19001-E19049, 704E21001-E2102
• US Class Current: 704/230
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/0204 using subband decomposition
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/032 Quantisation or dequantisation of spectral components
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/04 using predictive techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/08 Determination or coding of the excitation function; Determination or coding of the long-term prediction parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/097 using prototype waveform decomposition or prototype waveform interpolative [PWI] coders
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/26 Pre-filtering or post-filtering
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 25/12 the extracted parameters being prediction coefficients

Abstract

A method and apparatus for predictively quantizing voiced speech includes a parameter generator and a quantizer. The parameter generator is configured to extract parameters from frames of predictive speech such as voiced speech, and to transform the extracted information to a frequency-domain representation. The quantizer is configured to subtract a weighted sum of the parameters for previous frames from the parameter for the current frame. The quantizer is configured to quantize the difference value. A prototype extractor may be added to first extract a pitch period prototype to be processed by the parameter generator.

Claims

1. A processor operable to execute a set of instructions stored in a storage medium to produce a set of quantized speech frame parameters, the parameters comprising:

a predictively quantized pitch lag value;

a quantized target error vector of amplitude components;

predictively quantized phase values; and

a quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized pitch lag value δ

L_m, based on a formula;

δ

L_m=L_m−

η

_m1L_m1−

η

_m2L_m2−

. . . −

η

_mNL_mN,

wherein the values L_m1, L_m2 . . . , L_mN are the pitch lags for frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively and the values η

_m1, η

_m2, . . . , η

_mN are weights corresponding to frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively.

2. A processor operable to execute a set of instructions stored in a storage medium to produce a set of quantized speech frame parameters, the parameters comprising:

a predictively quantized pitch lag value;

a quantized target error vector of amplitude components;

predictively quantized phase values; and

a quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized target error vector of amplitude components is based on a target error vector of amplitude components (δ

A_m) that is described by a formula;

δ

A_m=A_m−

α

_m1^TA_m1−

α

_m2^TA_m2−

. . . −

α

_mN^TA_mN,

wherein the values A_m1, A_m2 . . . , A_mN are a subset of the amplitude vector for frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively, and the values α

_m1^T, α

_m2^T, . . . , α

_mN^T are the transposes of corresponding weight vectors.

3. A processor operable to execute a set of instructions stored in a storage medium to produce a set of quantized speech frame parameters, the parameters comprising:

a predictively quantized pitch lag value;

a quantized target error vector of amplitude components;

predictively quantized phase values; and

a quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized phase values are based on a formula;

φ

_m=φ

′

<sub>m−

1</sub>,

wherein φ

′

<sub>m−

1</sub> represent the phases of an extracted prototype.

4. A processor operable to execute a set of instructions stored in a storage medium to produce a set of quantized speech frame parameters, the parameters comprising:

a predictively quantized pitch lag value;

a quantized target error vector of amplitude components;

predictively quantized phase values; and

a quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components is based on a target error vector of linear spectral information components (T_Mⁿ) that is described by a formula;

5. A method for forming a set of quantized speech frame parameters, comprising:

quantizing a pitch lag value;

quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantizing phase values; and

quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized pitch lag value is obtained from value δ

L_m , based on a formula;

δ

L_m=L_m−

η

_m1L_m1−

η

_m2L_m2−

. . . −

η

_mNL_mN,

wherein the values L_m1, L_m2 . . . , L_mN are the pitch lags for frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively and the values η

_m1, η

_m2, . . . , η

_mN are weights corresponding to frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively.

6. A method for forming a set of quantized speech frame parameters, comprising:

quantizing a pitch lag value;

quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantizing phase values; and

quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized target error vector of amplitude components is based on a target error vector of amplitude components (δ

A_m) that is described by a formula;

δ

A_m=A_m−

α

_m1^TA_m1−

α

_m2^TA_m2−

. . . −

α

_mN^TA_mN,

wherein the values A_m1, A_m2 . . . , A_mN are a subset of the amplitude vector for frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively, and the values α

_m1^T, α

_m2^T, . . . , α

_mN^T are the transposes of corresponding weight vectors.

7. A method for forming a set of quantized speech frame parameters, comprising:

quantizing a pitch lag value;

quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantizing phase values; and

quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized phase values are based on-a formula;

φ

_m=φ

′

<sub>m−

1</sub>,

wherein φ

′

<sub>m−

1</sub> represent the phases of an extracted prototype.

8. A method for forming a set of quantized speech frame parameters, comprising:

quantizing a pitch lag value;

quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantizing phase values; and

quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components is based on a target error vector of linear spectral information components (T_Mⁿ) that is described by a formula;

9. A method for forming a set of quantized speech frame parameters, comprising:

quantizing a pitch lag value;

quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantizing phase values; and

quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, further comprising extracting the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components from a plurality of voiced speech frames.

10. A method for forming a set of quantized speech frame parameters, comprising:

quantizing a pitch lag value;

quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantizing phase values; and

quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, further comprising transmitting the set of quantized speech frame parameters across a wireless communication channel.

11. An apparatus comprising:

means for quantizing a pitch lag value;

means for quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

means for quantizing phase values;

means for quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame; and

means for transmitting a packet of the quantized error vectors across a wireless communication channel.

12. An apparatus comprising:

means for quantizing a pitch lag value;

means for quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

means for quantizing phase values; and

means for quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized pitch lag value is obtained from value δ

L_m, based on formula;

δ

L_m=L_m−

η

_m1L_m1−

η

_m2L_m2−

. . . −

η

_mNL_mN,

wherein the values L_m1, L_m2 . . . , L_mN are the pitch lags for frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively and the values η

_m1, η

_m2. . . , η

_mN are weights corresponding to frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively.

13. An apparatus comprising:

means for quantizing a pitch lag value;

means for quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

means for quantizing phase values; and

means for quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components,the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized target error vector of amplitude components is based on a target error vector of amplitude components (δ

A_m) that is described by a formula;

δ

A_m=A_m−

α

_m1^TA_m1−

α

_m2^TA_m2−

. . . −

α

_mN^TA_mN,

wherein the values A_m1, A_m2 . . . , A_mN are a subset of the amplitude vector for frames m₁, m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively, and the values α

_m1^T, α

_m2^T, . . . , α

_mN^T are the transposes of corresponding weight vectors.

14. An apparatus comprising:

means for quantizing a pitch lag value;

means for quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

means for quantizing phase values; and

means for quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized phase values are based on a formula;

φ

_m=φ

′

<sub>m−

1</sub>,

wherein φ

′

<sub>m−

1</sub> represent the phases of an extracted prototype.

15. An apparatus comprising:

means for quantizing a pitch lag value;

means for quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

means for quantizing phase values; and

means for quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components is based on a target error vector of linear spectral information components (T_Mⁿ ) that is described by a formula;

16. A processor operable to execute a set of instructions stored in a storage medium to produce a set of quantized speech frame parameters, the parameters comprising:

a predictively quantized pitch lag value;

a quantized target error vector of amplitude components;

predictively quantized phase values; and

a quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, amplitude components, phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame,

the processor being further operable to execute a set of instructions stored in a storage medium to extract the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components from a plurality of voiced speech frames.

17. A processor operable to execute a set of instructions stored in a storage medium to produce a set of quantized speech frame parameters, the parameters comprising:

a predictively quantized pitch lag value;

a quantized target error vector of amplitude components;

predictively quantized phase values; and

a quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame,

the processor being further operable to execute a set of instructions stored in a storage medium to transmit the set of quantized speech frame parameters across a wireless communication channel.

18. An apparatus comprising:

means for quantizing a pitch lag value;

means for quantizing a target error vector of amplitude components;

means for quantizing phase values;

means for quantizing a target error vector of linear spectral information components,

wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame; and

means for extracting the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components from a plurality of voiced speech frames.

19. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that upon execution in a processor cause the processor to:

quantize a pitch lag value;

quantize a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantize phase values; and

quantize a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized pitch lag value is obtained from value δ

L_m, based on a formula;

δ

L_m=L_m−

η

_m1L_m1−

η

_m2L_m2−

. . . −

η

_mNL_mN,

wherein the values L_{m 1}, L_{m 2} . . . , L_{m N} are the pitch lags for frames m₁,m₂, . . . m_N, respectively and the values η

_m1, η

_m2. . . ,η

_mN are weights corresponding to frames m₁m₂, . . . m_N, respectively.

20. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that upon execution in a processor cause the processor to:

quantize a pitch lag value;

quantize a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantize phase values; and

quantize a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized target error vector of amplitude components is based on a target error vector of amplitude components (δ

A_m) that is described by a formula;

δ

A_m=A_m−

α

_m1^TA_m1−

α

_m2^TA_{m 2}−

. . . −

α

_mN^TA_mN,

wherein the values A_m1,A_m2. . . , A_mN are a subset of the amplitude vector for frames m₁,m₂, . . . , m_N, respectively, and the values α

_m1^T, α

_m1^T, α

_{m 2}^T, . . . , α

_mN^T are the transposes of corresponding weight vectors.

21. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that upon execution in a processor cause the processor to:

quantize a pitch lag value;

quantize a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantize phase values; and

quantize a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized phase values are based on a formula;

φ

_m=φ

′

<sub>m−

1</sub>

wherein φ

′

<sub>m−

1</sub> represent the phases of an extracted prototype.

22. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that upon execution in a processor cause the processor to:

quantize a pitch lag value;

quantize a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantize phase values; and

quantize a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame, wherein the quantized target error vector of linear spectral information components is based on a target error vector of linear spectral information components (Tb) that is described by a formula;

23. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that upon execution in a processor cause the processor to:

quantize a pitch lag value;

quantize a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantize phase values;

quantize a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame; and

extract the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components from a plurality of voiced speech frames.

24. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that upon execution in a processor cause the processor to:

quantize a pitch lag value;

quantize a target error vector of amplitude components;

quantize phase values;

quantize a target error vector of linear spectral information components, wherein the pitch lag value, the amplitude components, the phase values, and the linear spectral information components have been extracted from a voiced speech frame; and

transmit the set of quantized speech frame parameters across a wireless communication channel.