Hybrid fuel cell system with battery capacitor energy storage system
First Claim
1. A fuel cell system comprising:
- an electrical power bus line;
a fuel cell stack electrically coupled to the power bus line;
a battery electrically coupled to the power bus line; and
a capacitor electrically coupled to the power bus line in series with the battery, said capacitor providing voltage matching for voltage swings on the power bus line.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A fuel cell system that employs a super capacitor and battery electrically coupled in series with each other and in parallel with a fuel cell stack on a power bus line. As the voltage on the power bus line changes over the operating requirements of the system, the super capacitor is charged and discharged over a relatively large voltage swing, such as an 85% SOC swing. The super capacitor equalizes or voltage matches the voltage variation on the power bus line as set by the stack voltage to the voltage of the battery. Therefore, the battery, while providing the majority of the energy and power during charge and discharge, has a relatively small defined SOC swing, which acts to maintain the battery life. The system can also include a diode electrically coupled in parallel with the super capacitor that provides reverse voltage protection and electrical power by-pass.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A fuel cell system comprising:
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an electrical power bus line; a fuel cell stack electrically coupled to the power bus line; a battery electrically coupled to the power bus line; and a capacitor electrically coupled to the power bus line in series with the battery, said capacitor providing voltage matching for voltage swings on the power bus line. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A fuel cell system comprising:
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an electrical power bus line; a fuel cell stack electrically coupled to the power bus line; a battery electrically coupled to the power bus line in parallel with the fuel cell stack; and a super capacitor electrically coupled to the power bus line in series with the battery and in parallel with the fuel cell stack, said capacitor having a state of charge swing of about 85% so as to provide voltage matching to the power bus line determined by changes of stack voltage, wherein the battery provides about ⅔
of a predetermined supplemental power in addition to a fuel cell stack power and the super capacitor provides about ⅓
of the predetermined supplemental power. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A fuel cell system for a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, said system comprising:
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an electrical power bus line; a fuel cell stack electrically coupled to the power bus line; a battery electrically coupled to the power bus line; and a super capacitor electrically coupled to the power bus line in series with the battery, said super capacitor providing voltage matching for voltage swings on the power bus line; and an AC or DC traction motor system electrically coupled to the power bus line for driving the vehicle, said motor system providing a voltage on the power bus line during regenerative braking for recharging the battery and the super capacitor. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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Specification