Nanostructured metal powder and method of fabricating the same

• US 7,431,750 B2
• Filed: 12/28/2005
• Issued: 10/07/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute
• Original Assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute
• Inventors: Liao, Shih-Chieh, Chen, Jin-Ming, Wu, Zhong-Ren, Hong, Song-Wein
• Primary Examiner(s): WYSZOMIERSKI, GEORGE P
• Application Number:
  US11/321,615
• Publication Number:
  US 20060162495A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,014 Days
• Field of Search: 753/36, 753/38
• US Class Current: 75/336
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 1/065 Spherical particles
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 1/07 Metallic powder characterised by particles having a nanoscale microstructure nanosized particles B22F1/054
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 2009/0836 with electric or magnetic field or induction
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 2009/084 combination of methods
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 2009/0848 Melting process before atomisation
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 2009/086 Cooling after atomisation
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 2202/03 Treatment under cryogenic or supercritical conditions
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 2998/00 Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 2999/00 Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 9/082 atomising using a fluid using centrifugal force B22F9/10
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 9/14 using electric discharge

Abstract

The present invention relates to a nanostructured metal powder and a method of fabricating the same. A twin-wire electric arc process is performed to melt the wire tips, and metal melt is formed. Simultaneously, the metal melt is broken up into melt droplets by an atomizing device. The operating temperature of the electric arc process is controlled between melting point and boiling point of the wire, to avoid vaporization of the melt droplets. Then, a fast cooling is performed to quench the melt droplets. Thus, melt droplets are solidified to μm-scaled, spherical and dense powders comprising nano-grains (d<100 nm).

Claims

1. A method of fabricating a metal powder, comprising the steps of:

using metal wire as feedstock;

using two wires as electrodes;

performing a twin-wire electric arc process to melt the wire tips to form a metal melt, and simultaneously, breaking the metal melt into melt droplets by an atomizing device, wherein an operating temperature of the electric arc process is controlled between melting point and boiling point of the wire, to avoid vaporization of the melt droplets; and

performing a quenching process to cool the melt droplets by means of a cooling medium, wherein the quenching process is performed by a cyclonic device immediately adjacent to the wire tips such that each melt droplet is rapidly solidified to form the metal powder, wherein the metal powder is spherical, has an average diameter of 1˜

500 μ

m, and comprises a plurality of nano-grains.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the atomizing device atomizes the metal melt through a pressurized inert gas.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the inert gas is He (helium) or Ar (argon).

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 15˜

75 psi.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium is a cool inert gas.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium is liquid nitrogen.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium is cool water.

8. A method of fabricating Pd (palladium) powders, comprising the steps of:

using two Pd wires as feedstock and electrodes;

performing a twin-Pd wire electric arc process to melt the Pd wire tips to form a Pd metal melt, and simultaneously, breaking the Pd metal melt into Pd melt droplets by an atomizing device; and

performing a quenching process to cool the melt droplets by means of a cooling medium;

wherein a diameter of each Pd wire is about 1.5 mm;

wherein operating conditions of the electric arc process are 30 DC Voltage and 120 Ampere;

wherein the atomizing device atomizes the metal melt through an inert gas under pressure of about 20 psi.