Virtual interface with active and backup physical interfaces

• US 7,447,149 B1
• Filed: 09/28/2004
• Issued: 11/04/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 07/13/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Juniper Networks Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Juniper Networks Incorporated
• Inventors: Kompella, Kireeti, Anand, Ramalingam K., Beesley, Michael J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Chau
• Assistant Examiner(s): Foud; Hicham B
• Application Number:
  US10/952,457
• Time in Patent Office: 1,498 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/217
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/22 Alternate routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/28 using route fault recovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/586 of virtual routers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/60 Router architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/254 Centralised controller, i.e. arbitration or scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/30 Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/70 Virtual switches

Abstract

A network device, such as a router, utilizes a virtual interface to hide the presence of redundant backup physical interfaces from a router control unit. If traffic needs to be redirected from a primary physical interface, the router remaps the virtual interface to the backup physical interface without needing to update routes and select one or more alternative routes due to the need to redirect traffic. Instead, the router control unit redirects network traffic associated with the primary physical interface to the associated backup physical interface. In this manner, delays associated with route updating can be avoided, and a relatively seamless switchover can be achieved from the primary to the backup physical interface.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

presenting a plurality of physical interfaces of a network device to routing control logic of the network device as a single virtual interface;

performing route calculation with respect to the virtual interface to generate routing information that associates one or more network routes with the virtual interface;

mapping the virtual interface to a first one of the physical interfaces;

forwarding traffic of the one or more network routes associated with the virtual interface via the first one of the physical interfaces in accordance with the mapping;

in response to detecting a network event, remapping the virtual interface to a second one of the physical interfaces; and

forwarding at least a portion of the traffic of the one or more network routes associated with the virtual interface via the second one of the physical interfaces in accordance with the mapping.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein mapping the virtual interface to the first one of the physical interfaces comprises mapping the virtual interface to one of the physical interfaces designated as a primary physical interface.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

detecting the network event that indicates a need to redirect at least a portion of the traffic from the first physical interface; and

remapping the virtual interface to a second one of the physical interfaces designated as a backup physical interface in response to detecting the network event.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein forwarding packets via the second one of the physical interfaces associated with the virtual interface in response to detecting the network event comprises redirecting the traffic to the second one of the physical interfaces without updating the routing information.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the virtual interface comprises a first virtual interface, the method further comprising

updating network routes for traffic through a plurality of virtual interfaces;

and

selecting a plurality of active physical interfaces from the plurality of physical interfaces, wherein there are N virtual interfaces and M physical interfaces, where N<

M.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein there are N active physical interfaces.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein forwarding traffic of the network routes through the first physical interface includes forwarding the packets in accordance with indirect next hop data which associates protocol next hops with forwarding next hops.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising detecting a need to redirect traffic from the first physical interface and selecting the second physical interface to correspond to the virtual interface, wherein forwarding the packets includes forwarding the traffic via the second physical interface by selecting different forwarding next hops for the indirect next hop data.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the indirect next hop data includes a first pointer and a second pointer, the method further comprising detecting a need to redirect traffic from the first physical interface and selecting a the second physical interface to correspond to the virtual interface, wherein forwarding the packets includes forwarding the packets via the second physical interface by selecting the second pointer within the indirect next hop data.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein associating the network routes includes updating the network routes according to a quality of service (QoS) protocol.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein associating the network routes includes updating the network routes according to a virtual private network (VPN) protocol.

12. A computer-readable medium storing executable instructions which are executed in a network device, wherein the instructions when executed:

present a plurality of physical interfaces of a network device to routing control logic of the network device as a single virtual interface;

perform route calculation with respect to the virtual interface to generate routing information that associates one or more network routes with the virtual interface;

map the virtual interface to a first one of the physical interfaces;

forward traffic of the one or more network routes associated with the virtual interface via the first one of the physical interfaces in accordance with the mapping;

in response to detecting a network event, remap the virtual interface to a second one of the physical interfaces; and

forward at least a portion of the traffic of the one or more network routes associated with the virtual interface via the second one of the physical interfaces in accordance with the mapping.

13. The computer-readable medium of claim 12, wherein the instructions comprise instructions when executed map the virtual interface to the first one of the physical interfaces designated as a primary physical interface.

14. The computer-readable medium of claim 12, further comprising instructions that when executed:

detect the network event that indicates a need to redirect at least a portion of the traffic from the first physical interface; and

remapping the virtual interface to a second one of the physical interfaces designated as a backup physical interface in response to detecting the network event.

15. The computer-readable medium of claim 12, wherein the instructions to forward the packets via the second one of the physical interfaces associated with the virtual interface in response to detecting the network event comprises redirecting the traffic to the second one of the physical interfaces without updating the routing information.

16. The computer-readable medium of claim 12, wherein the virtual interface comprises a first virtual interface, the computer-readable medium further comprising instructions that when executed:

update network routes for the traffic through a plurality of virtual interfaces; and

select a plurality of active physical interfaces from the plurality of physical interfaces, wherein there are N virtual interfaces and M physical interfaces, where N<

M.

17. The computer-readable medium of claim 12, further comprising instructions that when executed forward traffic of the network routes through the first physical interface by forwarding the packets in accordance with indirect next hop data which associates protocol next hops with forwarding next hops.

18. The computer-readable medium of claim 17, further comprising instructions that when executed:

detect a need to redirect traffic from the first physical interface; and

select the second physical interface to correspond to the virtual interface, wherein the instructions forward the traffic via the second physical interface by selecting different forwarding next hops for the indirect next hop data.

19. The computer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the indirect next hop data includes a first pointer and a second pointer, the computer-readable medium further comprising instructions that when executed:

detect a need to redirect traffic from the first physical interface; and

select the second physical interface to correspond to the virtual interface, wherein the instructions forward the traffic via the second physical interface by selecting the second pointer within the indirect next hop data.

20. A network device comprising:

a plurality of physical interfaces; and

a control unit that presents a plurality of physical interfaces of a network device to routing control logic of the network device as a single virtual interface, performs route calculation with respect to the virtual interface to generate routing information that associates one or more network routes with the virtual interface, maps the virtual interface to a first one of the physical interfaces, forwards traffic of the one or more network routes associated with the virtual interface via the first one of the physical interfaces in accordance with the mapping, in response to detecting a network event, remaps the virtual interface to a second one of the physical interfaces, and forwards at least a portion of the traffic of the one or more network routes associated with the virtual interface via the second one of the physical interfaces in accordance with the napping.

21. The network device of claim 20, wherein the control unit maps the virtual interface to one of the physical interfaces designated as a primary physical interface of the virtual interface.

22. The network device of claim 20, wherein the control unit detects the network event that indicates a need to redirect at least a portion of the traffic from the first physical interface and remaps the virtual interface to a second one of the physical interfaces designated as a backup interface in response to detecting the network event.

23. The network device of claim 20,

wherein the control unit further comprises a routing engine and a packet forwarding engine, and

wherein the control unit forwards the traffic by redirecting the traffic within the forwarding engine to the second one of the physical interfaces without causing the routing engine to update the routing information.

24. The network device of claim 20, wherein the virtual interface comprises a first virtual interface, and the control unit:

updates routes for the traffic through a plurality of virtual interfaces; and

selects a plurality of active physical interfaces from the plurality of physical interfaces, wherein there are N virtual interfaces and M physical interfaces, where N<

M.

25. The network device of claim 24, wherein there are N active physical interfaces.

26. The network device of claim 20,

wherein the control unit includes a routing engine and a packet forwarding engine, and

wherein the packet forwarding engine forwards packets associated with the network routes through the first physical interface by forwarding the packets in accordance with indirect next hoop data which associates protocol next hops with forwarding next hops.

27. The network device of claim 26, wherein the control unit detects a need to redirect traffic from a first physical interface and selects the second physical interface to correspond to the virtual interface, and wherein the packet forwarding engine forwards the traffic via the second physical interface by selecting different forwarding next hops for the indirect next hop data.

28. The network device of claim 26, wherein the indirect next hop data includes a first pointer and a second pointer, and the control unit detects a need to redirect traffic from a first physical interface and selects the second physical interface to correspond to the virtual interface, and wherein the packet forwarding engine forwards the traffic via the second physical interface by selecting backup pointers within the indirect next hop data.