Carbon nanotube heat-exchange systems

• US 7,448,441 B2
• Filed: 09/17/2002
• Issued: 11/11/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 09/17/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Alliance For Sustainable Energy LLC
• Original Assignee: Alliance For Sustainable Energy LLC
• Inventors: Heben, Michael J., Hendricks, Terry Joseph
• Primary Examiner(s): Ciric; Ljiljana (Lil) V
• Application Number:
  US10/492,483
• Publication Number:
  US 20040194944A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,247 Days
• Field of Search: 165/181, 165/905, 165/907, 165/80.1, 165/80.2, 165/80.3, 165/80.4, 165/80.5, 165/104.33, 429/34, 422/130, 977/742, 977/762, 977/843, 977/845, 977/900
• US Class Current: 165/181
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 1/0246 heat-exchange elements having several adjacent conduits forming a whole, e.g. blocks
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 15/0233 the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular F28D15/0241, F28D15/0266 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 1/12 the means being only outside the tubular element
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 13/003 by using permeable mass, perforated or porous materials F28F13/18 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 13/185 Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 21/02 of carbon, e.g. graphite
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 2260/02 having microchannels
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 165/905 Materials of manufacture

Abstract

A carbon nanotube heat-exchange system (10) and method for producing the same. One embodiment of the carbon nanotube heat-exchange system (10) comprises a microchannel structure (24) having an inlet end (30) and an outlet end (32), the inlet end (30) providing a cooling fluid into the microchannel structure (24) and the outlet end (32) discharging the cooling fluid from the microchannel structure (24). At least one flow path (28) is defined in the microchannel structure (24), fluidically connecting the inlet end (30) to the outlet end (32) of the microchannel structure (24). A carbon nanotube structure (26) is provided in thermal contact with the microchannel structure (24), the carbon nanotube structure (26) receiving heat from the cooling fluid in the microchannel structure (24) and dissipating the heat into an external medium (19).

Claims

1. A carbon nanotube heat-exchange system, comprising:

a microchannel structure having an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end providing a cooling fluid into said microchannel structure and the outlet end discharging the cooling fluid from said microchannel structure;

at least one flow path defined in said microchannel structure, said at least one flow path fluidically connecting the inlet end to the outlet end of said microchannel structure; and

a carbon nanotube structure provided in thermal contact with said microchannel structure, said carbon nanotube structure receiving heat from the cooling fluid in said microchannel structure and dissipating the heat into an external medium that is external to the carbon nanotube heat-exchange system.

2. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein the inlet end comprises a distribution manifold.

3. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein the outlet end comprises a discharge manifold.

4. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein said carbon nanotube structure comprises carbon nanotubes grown directly on said microchannel structure.

5. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein said carbon nanotube structure is fabricated from single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs).

6. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein said carbon nanotube structure is fabricated from multi-wall carbon nanotubes.

7. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein said carbon nanotube structure is fabricated from a SWNT-polymer composite.

8. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein said carbon nanotube structure is impermeable to the external medium.

9. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein said carbon nanotube structure is an open-cell porous media.

10. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises nanotubes bundled to form superstructures surrounding a void space, said nanotubes bundles as triangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons, octagons, dodecahedrons.

11. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein the microchannel structure is fabricated at least in part from metal.

12. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 1, wherein the microchannel structure is fabricated at least in part from carbon nanotubes.

13. A carbon nanotube heat-exchange system, comprising a thermal management layer fabricated from carbon nanotubes, said thermal management layer dissipating heat into an external medium.

14. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 13, wherein said thermal management layer stores hydrogen for release during operation of a fuel cell.

15. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 13, wherein said thermal management layer is routed away from heat-sensitive areas.

16. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 13, wherein said thermal management layer is in direct contact with a source of the heat.

17. A carbon nanotube heat-exchange system, comprising first means for transferring heat and dissipating the heat into an external medium, said first means for transferring including carbon nanotubes;

means for providing a cooling fluid through said first means for transferring, said means for providing being an inlet;

means for discharging the cooling fluid from the first means for transferring, said means for discharging being an outlet; and

second means for transferring the heat from the cooling fluid to said first means for transferring, said second means for transferring including a carbon nanotube microchannel.

18. A method for using a carbon nanotube heat-exchange system, comprising:

receiving a cooling fluid through a carbon nanotube microchannel structure;

absorbing heat in the cooling fluid;

transferring heat from the cooling fluid in the carbon nanotube microchannel structure to another carbon nanotube structure; and

dissipating the heat from the other carbon nanotube structure into an external medium.

19. A method for producing a carbon nanotube heat-exchange system, comprising:

fabricating a carbon nanotube microchannel for receiving a cooling fluid;

fabricating a carbon nanotube structure; and

arranging the carbon nanotube microchannel in thermal contact with the carbon nanotube structure.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein arranging the microchannel structure in thermal contact with the carbon nanotube structure comprises growing the carbon nanotube structure on the microchannel structure.

21. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 19, further comprising arranging said carbon nanotube structure on said carbon nanotube microchannel to avoid heat-sensitive areas.

22. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 19, further comprising controlling pore size of said carbon nanotube structure during fabrication thereof.

23. The carbon nanotube heat-exchange system of claim 19, further comprising aligning SWNTs in said carbon nanotube structure during fabrication of the carbon nanotube structure.