Vehicle control method

• US 7,451,847 B2
• Filed: 07/26/2004
• Issued: 11/18/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Hommi, Akira
• Primary Examiner(s): PHAN, HAU VAN
• Application Number:
  US10/565,644
• Publication Number:
  US 20060185914A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,576 Days
• Field of Search: 180/197, 180/235, 180/244, 180/248, 180/65.2, 180/65.1, 180/65.3, 180/165, 701/83, 701/41, 188/181.A, 188/181.R, 188/151.A, 188/156
• US Class Current: 180/197
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2006/262 the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 28/16 responsive to, or preventing, skidding of wheels brake control systems for vehicle drive stability B60T8/1755; arrangements responsive to a speed condition for adjusting wheel braking force B60T8/32; control of vehicle driving stability otherwise than by controlling the propulsion unit only B60W30/02; preventing wheel slippage by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/448 Electrical distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/46 Series type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/54 Transmission for changing ratio
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2009 for braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/14 Synchronous machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/52 Clutch motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/36 Temperature of vehicle components or parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/421 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/461 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/465 Slip
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/642 Slope of road
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/26 by pedal actuation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/44 by parameter estimation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 : with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 : by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/26 : Controlling the braking effect
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 : including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/184 : with wheel brakes
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/10 : Longitudinal speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/26 : Wheel slip
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2552/15 : Road slope, i.e. the inclination of a road segment in the longitudinal direction
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/18172 : Preventing, or responsive to skidding of wheels
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

In response to detection of a slip occurring on left and right front wheels (62a, 62b) caused by spin of one of the left and right front wheels (62a, 62b), the control technique of the invention restricts a torque output from a motor (22)to a drive shaft (28), while activating a hydraulic brake (54a) or (54b) corresponding to the spinning wheel to output a brake torque, so as to distribute the output torque of the motor (22) practically equally into the left and right front wheels (62a, 62b). This arrangement desirably improves the starting performance and the accelerating performance of a vehicle with the left and right front wheels (62a, 62b) running on the road surface of different frictional coefficients.

Claims

1. A vehicle equipped with a power output device including an electric motor that is capable of outputting a driving force to a drive shaft linked with left and right wheels, said vehicle comprising:

a mechanical braking device that is capable of outputting a mechanical braking force to each of the left and right wheels;

a slip detection module that detects a slip on each of the left and right wheels caused by wheelspin; and

a controller that, in response to detection of a slip caused by spin of one of the left and right wheels by said slip detection module, drives and controls said power output device to restrict the driving force output to the drive shaft, and after the driving force output to the drive shaft has been restricted, actuates and controls said mechanical braking device to output a mechanical braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, subject to fulfillment of a predetermined execution condition,

wherein the predetermined execution condition includes at least one of a gearshift position in a forward drivable range, an accelerator-on state, a driving force demand of not less than a preset level required to the drive shaft, and a brake-off state.

2. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, wherein said controller actuates and controls said mechanical braking device to output a braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, so as to distribute the driving force output from said power output device to the drive shaft practically equally into the left and right wheels.

3. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, said vehicle further comprising:

a road surface gradient measurement estimation module that either measures or estimates a road surface gradient,

wherein said controller actuates and controls said mechanical braking device, in response to detection of at least a converging tendency with regard to the spin of one of the left and right wheels, to output the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, based on the measured or estimated road surface gradient.

4. A vehicle in accordance with claim 3, wherein said road surface gradient measurement estimation module estimates a balancing force, which balances with a force applied to said vehicle in a direction along a road surface based on an acceleration of said vehicle and the driving force output from said power output device, as the road surface gradient, and

said controller calculates a supplementary braking force corresponding to an insufficiency of the driving force output from said power output device to the drive shaft relative to the estimated balancing force, and actuates and controls said mechanical braking device to output a total braking force including the calculated supplementary braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels.

5. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, said vehicle further comprising:

an upper limit braking force setting module that sets an upper limit of the braking force output to the spinning one of the left and right wheels,

wherein said controller actuates and controls said mechanical braking device to output the braking force in a range of the setting of the upper limit to the spinning one of the left and right wheels.

6. A vehicle in accordance with claim 5, said vehicle further comprising:

a vehicle speed sensor that measures a vehicle speed,

wherein said upper limit braking force setting module sets the upper limit of the braking force, based on the measured vehicle speed.

7. A vehicle in accordance with claim 5, said vehicle further comprising:

a road surface gradient measurement estimation module that either measures or estimates a road surface gradient,

wherein said upper limit braking force setting module sets the upper limit of the braking force, based on the measured or estimated road surface gradient.

8. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, wherein said controller terminates the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, when the predetermined execution condition fails to be fulfilled in the course of the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels.

9. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, said vehicle further comprising:

a vehicle speed sensor that measures a vehicle speed,

wherein said controller terminates the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, when the measured vehicle speed exceeds a threshold value in the course of the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels.

10. A vehicle in accordance with claim 9, said vehicle further comprising:

a road surface gradient measurement estimation module that either measures or estimates a road surface gradient,

wherein the threshold value is set according to the measured or estimated road surface gradient.

11. A vehicle in accordance with claim 10, wherein the threshold value is set to decrease with an increase in road surface gradient as an ascending slope.

12. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, wherein said controller terminates the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, in response to detection of a slip caused by spin of the other wheel of the left and right wheels by said slip detection module in the course of the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels.

13. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, said vehicle further comprising:

a temperature rise detection estimation module that either detects or estimates a predetermined temperature rise in said mechanical braking device,

wherein said controller terminates the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, in response to either detection or estimation of the predetermined temperature rise in said mechanical braking device in the course of the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels.

14. A vehicle in accordance with claim 13, wherein said temperature rise detection estimation module estimates the predetermined temperature rise in said mechanical braking device, when the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels continues for a predetermined first time.

15. A vehicle in accordance with claim 13, wherein said controller prohibits output of a braking force in response to spin of one of the left and right wheels over a predetermined second time, after the termination of the output of the braking force.

16. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, said vehicle further comprising:

a lock detection module that detects a lock of each of the left and right wheels,

wherein said controller terminates the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, in response to detection of a lock of the spinning one of the left and right wheels by said lock detection module in the course of the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels.

17. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, said vehicle further comprising:

a revolution speed measurement sensor that respectively measures revolution speeds of the left and right wheels; and

a rudder angle measurement estimation module that either measures or estimates a rudder angle,

wherein said slip detection module detects a slip on each of the left and right wheels, based on the measured revolution speeds of the left and right wheels and the measured or estimated rudder angle.

18. A vehicle in accordance with claim 1, wherein said slip detection module detects a slip caused by spin of a drive wheel, based on at least one of an angular acceleration of the drive shaft and a difference between revolution speeds of drive wheels as the left and right wheels linked with the drive shaft and revolution speeds of driven wheels with no output of driving force, and

said controller drives and controls said power output device to restrict the driving force output to the drive shaft, in response to detection of a slip caused by the spin of the drive wheel.

19. A vehicle equipped with a power output device including an electric motor that is capable of outputting a driving force to a drive shaft linked with left and right wheels, said vehicle comprising:

a mechanical braking device that is capable of outputting a mechanical braking force to each of the left and right wheels;

a slip detection module that detects a slip on each of the left and right wheels caused by wheelspin;

a controller that, in response to detection of a slip caused by spin of one of the left and right wheels by said slip detection module, drives and controls said power output device to restrict the driving force output to the drive shaft, and after the driving force output to the drive shaft has been restricted, actuates and controls said mechanical braking device to output a mechanical braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels; and

a temperature rise detection estimation module that either detects or estimates a predetermined temperature rise in said mechanical braking device,

wherein said controller terminates the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, in response to either detection or estimation of the predetermined temperature rise in said mechanical braking device in the course of the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels.

20. A vehicle equipped with a power output device including an electric motor that is capable of outputting a driving force to a drive shaft linked with left and right wheels, said vehicle comprising:

a mechanical braking device that is capable of outputting a mechanical braking force to each of the left and right wheels;

a slip detection module that detects a slip on each of the left and right wheels caused by wheelspin;

a controller that, in response to detection of a slip caused by spin of one of the left and right wheels by said slip detection module, drives and controls said power output device to restrict the driving force output to the drive shaft, and after the driving force output to the drive shaft has been restricted, actuates and controls said mechanical braking device to output a mechanical braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels; and

a temperature rise detection estimation module that either detects or estimates a predetermined temperature rise in said mechanical braking device,

wherein said controller terminates the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, in response to either detection or estimation of the predetermined temperature rise in said mechanical braking device in the course of the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels, and

wherein said temperature rise detection estimation module estimates the predetermined temperature rise in said mechanical braking device, when the output of the braking force to the spinning one of the left and right wheels continues for a predetermined first time.