System and method for measuring round trip times in a network using a TCP packet

• US 7,457,877 B1
• Filed: 03/08/2005
• Issued: 11/25/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 05/26/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Shah, Dhaval N., Honnur, Virupaksh, Bosteder, Dalen D.
• Primary Examiner(s): SALAD, ABDULLAHI ELMI
• Application Number:
  US11/076,389
• Time in Patent Office: 1,358 Days
• Field of Search: 709230-241, 709223-224, 709227-228, 709/203, 709/226, 370229-235, 370237-238
• US Class Current: 709/226
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5009 Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention is a system and method for measuring round trip times in a network, such as the Internet, by utilizing a packet, such as a transmission control protocol (TCP) packet. The TCP packet may be a packet which is typically utilized during establishment of a reliable connection, such as a SYN or a SYN ACK. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a mirrored service is selected for a client by sending the TCP packet from an approximate location of each of the mirrored service to an approximate location of the client. A response is then received by each mirrored service from the approximate location of the client, and a round trip time for each mirrored service is measured from the time the TCP packet was sent to the time the response was received. The various round trip times of each mirrored service are compared with each other and a best round trip time, such as the shortest time, is selected. A mirrored service associated with the best round trip time is selected for use with the client.

Claims

1. A method for responding to a request for an address, comprising:

receiving, from a source, a request for an address associated with a host name;

identifying a plurality of mirrored websites associated with the host name;

communicating a query to one or more of the mirrored websites that requests a round trip time determination for sending a message from the mirrored website to the source;

receiving from one or more of the mirrored websites the round trip time determination; and

selecting one of the plurality of mirrored websites based at least in part on one or more of the round trip time determinations;

wherein the query requests that the mirrored websites determine the round trip time by;

sending a first data packet from the mirrored web site to the source;

receiving from the source a second data packet in response to the first data packet; and

determining the difference between the time the first data packet was sent and the time the second data packet was received; and

wherein a TCP network communication protocol is used, the first data packet comprising an unsolicited SYN ACK packet and the second data packet comprising a reset (RST) packet.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the request is received from a host name server that is coupled to a domain name server (DNS).

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

directing a client associated with the source to a mirrored service associated with a selected one of the round trip determinations.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

transparently directing a client associated with the source to a mirrored service associated with a selected one of the round trip determinations.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

responding to a communication from a DNS by providing an Internet Protocol (IP) address of a mirrored service associated with a selected one of the mirrored websites.

6. A system for responding to a request for an address, comprising:

means for receiving, from a source, a request for an address associated with a host name;

means for identifying a plurality of mirrored websites associated with the host name;

means for communicating a query to one or more of the mirrored websites that requests a round trip time determination for sending a message from the mirrored website to the source;

means for receiving from one or more of the mirrored websites the round trip time determination; and

means for selecting one of the plurality of mirrored websites based at least in part on one or more of the round trip time determinations;

wherein the query requests that the mirrored websites determine the round trip time by;

sending a first data packet from the mirrored web site to the source;

receiving from the source a second data packet in response to the first data packet; and

determining the difference between the time the first data packet was sent and the time the second data packet was received; and

wherein a TCP network communication protocol is used, the first data packet comprising an unsolicited SYN ACK packet and the second data packet comprising a reset (RST) packet.

7. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

means for directing a client associated with the source to a mirrored service associated with a selected one of the round trip determinations.

8. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

means for responding to a communication from a domain name server (DNS) by providing an Internet Protocol (IP) address of a mirrored service associated with a selected one of the mirrored websites.

9. An apparatus for responding to a request for an address, comprising:

a distributed director element operable to receive, from a source, a request for an address associated with a host name, wherein the distributed director element is operable to;

identify a plurality of mirrored websites associated with the host name;

communicate a query to one or more of the mirrored websites that requests a round trip time determination for sending a message from the mirrored website to the source;

receive, from one or more of the mirrored websites, the round trip time determination; and

select one of the plurality of mirrored websites based at least in part on one or more of the round trip time determinations;

wherein the query requests that the mirrored websites determine the round trip time by;

sending a first data packet from the mirrored web site to the source;

receiving from the source a second data packet in response to the first data packet; and

determining the difference between the time the first data packet was sent and the time the second data packet was received; and

wherein a TCP network communication protocol is used, the first data packet comprising an unsolicited SYN ACK packet and the second data packet comprising a reset (RST) packet.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the distributed director element is further operable to direct a client associated with the source to a mirrored service associated with a selected one of the round trip determinations.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the distributed director element is further operable to respond to a communication from a domain name server (DNS) by providing an Internet Protocol (IP) address of a mirrored service associated with a selected one of the mirrored websites.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:

one or more director response protocol agents coupled to the distributed director element and operable to return one or more of the round trip determinations to the distributed director element.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein one or more of the director response protocol agents are operable to communicate a probe to an approximate location of the source in order to assist in making one or more of the round trip determinations.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the probe comprises one or more packets that are generally used to establish a connection between two points in a network.